1. Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2012. Cancer J
Clin 2012;62:10-29. [CrossRef]
2. Perez CA, Stanley K, Rubin P, Kramer S, Brady L, Perez-Tamayo R, et
al. A prospective randomize study of various irradiation doses and fractionation
schedules in the treatment of inoperable non-oat-cell carcinoma
of the lung. Cancer 1980;45:2744-53. [CrossRef]
3. Martel MK, Ten Haken RK, Hazuka MB, Kessler ML, Strawderman M,
Turrisi AT, et al. Estimation of tumor control probability model parameters
from 3-D dose distributions of non-small cell lung cancer patients.
Lung Cancer 1999;24: 31-7. [CrossRef]
4. Bradley J, Graham MV, Winter K. Toxicity and outcome results of
RTOG 9311: A phase I-II dose escalation study using three-dimensional
conformal radiotherapy in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung
carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005;61:318-28. [CrossRef]
5. Rosenzweig KE, Fox JL, Yorke E. Results of a phase I dose-escalation
study using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in the treatment
of inoperable nonsmall cell lung carcinoma. Cancer 2005;103: 2118-27.
[CrossRef]
6. Sause WT, Scott C, Taylor S, Johnson D, Livingston R, Komaki R, et al.
Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 88-08 and Eastern Cooperative
Oncology Group (ECOG) 4588: Preliminary results of a phase III
trial in regionally advanced unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer. J
Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:198-205. [CrossRef]
7. Bradley JD, Moughan J, Graham MV, Byhardt R, Govindan R, Fowler
J, et al. A Phase I/II radiation dose escalation study with concurrent
chemotherapy for patients with inoperable stages I to III non-small-cell
lung cancer: Phase I results of RTOG 0117. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
2010;77:367-72. [CrossRef]
8. Socinski MA, Rosenman JG, Halle J, Schell MJ, Lin Y, Russo S, et al.
Dose-escalating conformal thoracic radiation therapy with induction and
concurrent carboplatin/paclitaxel in unresectable stage IIIa/b nonsmall
cell lung carcinoma: a modified phase I/II trial. Cancer 2001;92:1213-23.
[CrossRef]
9. Socinski MA, Blackstock AW, Bogart JA, Wang X, Munley M, Rosenman
J, et al. Randomized phase II trial of induction chemotherapy followed
by concurrent chemotherapy and dose escalated thoracic conformal
radiotherapy (74 Gy) in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer: CALGB
30105. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:2457-63. [CrossRef]
10. Salama JK, Stinchcombe TE, Gu L et al. Pulmonary toxicity in stage III
non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with high-dose (74 Gy) 3-dimensional
conformal thoracic radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy
following induction chemotherapy: a secondary analysis of Cancer
and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) trial 30105. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol
Phys 2011;81:269-274. [CrossRef]
Definitive Radiotherapy in LocallyAdvanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Dose and Fractionation
Definitive radiotherapy plays a major role in the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA NSCLC). After the impact of RT dose for lung cancer was established, a number of trials were structured with the aim of better local control and overall survival by either dose escalation or shortening the total treatment time through conventional/altered fractionation, even in combination with chemotherapy (CT) and other targeted agents. In spite of the increased number of these studies, the optimal dose or fractionation still remains to be determined. Another aspect questioned is the incorporation of these higher doses and shorter treatment times with chemotherapy or targeted agents. This review summarises the results of significant trials on dose and altered fractionation in the treatment of LA-NSCLC with an emphasis on possible future perspectives.
1. Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2012. Cancer J
Clin 2012;62:10-29. [CrossRef]
2. Perez CA, Stanley K, Rubin P, Kramer S, Brady L, Perez-Tamayo R, et
al. A prospective randomize study of various irradiation doses and fractionation
schedules in the treatment of inoperable non-oat-cell carcinoma
of the lung. Cancer 1980;45:2744-53. [CrossRef]
3. Martel MK, Ten Haken RK, Hazuka MB, Kessler ML, Strawderman M,
Turrisi AT, et al. Estimation of tumor control probability model parameters
from 3-D dose distributions of non-small cell lung cancer patients.
Lung Cancer 1999;24: 31-7. [CrossRef]
4. Bradley J, Graham MV, Winter K. Toxicity and outcome results of
RTOG 9311: A phase I-II dose escalation study using three-dimensional
conformal radiotherapy in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung
carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005;61:318-28. [CrossRef]
5. Rosenzweig KE, Fox JL, Yorke E. Results of a phase I dose-escalation
study using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in the treatment
of inoperable nonsmall cell lung carcinoma. Cancer 2005;103: 2118-27.
[CrossRef]
6. Sause WT, Scott C, Taylor S, Johnson D, Livingston R, Komaki R, et al.
Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 88-08 and Eastern Cooperative
Oncology Group (ECOG) 4588: Preliminary results of a phase III
trial in regionally advanced unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer. J
Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:198-205. [CrossRef]
7. Bradley JD, Moughan J, Graham MV, Byhardt R, Govindan R, Fowler
J, et al. A Phase I/II radiation dose escalation study with concurrent
chemotherapy for patients with inoperable stages I to III non-small-cell
lung cancer: Phase I results of RTOG 0117. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
2010;77:367-72. [CrossRef]
8. Socinski MA, Rosenman JG, Halle J, Schell MJ, Lin Y, Russo S, et al.
Dose-escalating conformal thoracic radiation therapy with induction and
concurrent carboplatin/paclitaxel in unresectable stage IIIa/b nonsmall
cell lung carcinoma: a modified phase I/II trial. Cancer 2001;92:1213-23.
[CrossRef]
9. Socinski MA, Blackstock AW, Bogart JA, Wang X, Munley M, Rosenman
J, et al. Randomized phase II trial of induction chemotherapy followed
by concurrent chemotherapy and dose escalated thoracic conformal
radiotherapy (74 Gy) in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer: CALGB
30105. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:2457-63. [CrossRef]
10. Salama JK, Stinchcombe TE, Gu L et al. Pulmonary toxicity in stage III
non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with high-dose (74 Gy) 3-dimensional
conformal thoracic radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy
following induction chemotherapy: a secondary analysis of Cancer
and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) trial 30105. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol
Phys 2011;81:269-274. [CrossRef]
Dağoğlu, N., Karaman, Ş., Arifoğlu, A., Küçücük, S., vd. (2014). Definitive Radiotherapy in LocallyAdvanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Dose and Fractionation. Balkan Medical Journal, 31(4), 278-285.
AMA
Dağoğlu N, Karaman Ş, Arifoğlu A, Küçücük S, Oral EN. Definitive Radiotherapy in LocallyAdvanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Dose and Fractionation. Balkan Medical Journal. Ekim 2014;31(4):278-285.
Chicago
Dağoğlu, Nergiz, Şule Karaman, Alptekin Arifoğlu, Seden Küçücük, ve Ethem N. Oral. “Definitive Radiotherapy in LocallyAdvanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Dose and Fractionation”. Balkan Medical Journal 31, sy. 4 (Ekim 2014): 278-85.
EndNote
Dağoğlu N, Karaman Ş, Arifoğlu A, Küçücük S, Oral EN (01 Ekim 2014) Definitive Radiotherapy in LocallyAdvanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Dose and Fractionation. Balkan Medical Journal 31 4 278–285.
IEEE
N. Dağoğlu, Ş. Karaman, A. Arifoğlu, S. Küçücük, ve E. N. Oral, “Definitive Radiotherapy in LocallyAdvanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Dose and Fractionation”, Balkan Medical Journal, c. 31, sy. 4, ss. 278–285, 2014.
ISNAD
Dağoğlu, Nergiz vd. “Definitive Radiotherapy in LocallyAdvanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Dose and Fractionation”. Balkan Medical Journal 31/4 (Ekim 2014), 278-285.
JAMA
Dağoğlu N, Karaman Ş, Arifoğlu A, Küçücük S, Oral EN. Definitive Radiotherapy in LocallyAdvanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Dose and Fractionation. Balkan Medical Journal. 2014;31:278–285.
MLA
Dağoğlu, Nergiz vd. “Definitive Radiotherapy in LocallyAdvanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Dose and Fractionation”. Balkan Medical Journal, c. 31, sy. 4, 2014, ss. 278-85.
Vancouver
Dağoğlu N, Karaman Ş, Arifoğlu A, Küçücük S, Oral EN. Definitive Radiotherapy in LocallyAdvanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Dose and Fractionation. Balkan Medical Journal. 2014;31(4):278-85.