. Webb G, Gatzoulis MA. Atrial septal defects in the adult: recent progress
and overview. Circulation 2006;114:1645-53.
2. Camm AJ, Lüsher TF, Serruys WP. The ESC textbook of cardiovascular
medicine. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2009.
3. Armstrong WF, Ryan T. Feigenbaum’s echocardiography. 7th ed.
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2010:337-59.
4. Baumgartner H, Hung J, Bermejo J, Chambers JB, Evangelista A, Griffin
BP, et al. Echocardiographic assessment of valve stenosis: EAE/ASE
recommendations for clinical practice. Eur J Echocardiogr 2009;10:1-25.
5. Kemaloğlu Öz T, Özpamuk Karadeniz F, Akyüz Ş, Ünal Dayı Ş, Esen
Zencirci A, Atasoy I, et al. The advantages of live/real time threedimensional
transesophageal echocardiography during assessments of
pulmonary stenosis. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2016;32:573-82.
6. Kemaloğlu Öz T, Karadeniz FÖ, Gundlapalli H, Erer B, Sharma RK,
Ahmed M, et al. Coexisting bicuspid aortic and pulmonary valves with
normally related great vessels diagnosed by live/real time three-dimensional
transesophageal echocardiography. Echocardiography 2014;31:218-21.
7. European Society of Gynecology (ESG); Association for European
Paediatric Cardiology (AEPC); German Society for Gender Medicine
(DGesGM), Regitz-Zagrosek V, Blomstrom Lundqvist C, Borghi C, et
al. ESC Guidelines on the management of cardiovascular diseases during
pregnancy: the Task Force on the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases
during Pregnancy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart
J 2011;32:3147-97.
8. Stout K. Pregnancy in women with congenital heart disease: the importance
of evaluation and counselling. Heart 2005;91:713-4.
A Misclassification of Pulmonary Stenosis Using Conventional Echocardiographic Methods
Background: The classification of pulmonary stenosis (PS) severity based on the transpulmonary pressure gradient, which is affected by flow rate. Case Report: We report the first case of a pregnant patient with atrial septal defect (ASD) and pulmonary stenosis that was misclassified by conventional echocardiographic methods. Most importantly, three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiographic assessment of pulmonary stenosis changed the entire treatment strategy. Conclusion: The planimetric calculation of the pulmonary valve (PV) opening area using three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiographic may be helpful, especially in encounters with specialized conditions such as ASD and/or pregnancy, which can cause inaccurate recordings of the transvalvular peak gradient.
. Webb G, Gatzoulis MA. Atrial septal defects in the adult: recent progress
and overview. Circulation 2006;114:1645-53.
2. Camm AJ, Lüsher TF, Serruys WP. The ESC textbook of cardiovascular
medicine. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2009.
3. Armstrong WF, Ryan T. Feigenbaum’s echocardiography. 7th ed.
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2010:337-59.
4. Baumgartner H, Hung J, Bermejo J, Chambers JB, Evangelista A, Griffin
BP, et al. Echocardiographic assessment of valve stenosis: EAE/ASE
recommendations for clinical practice. Eur J Echocardiogr 2009;10:1-25.
5. Kemaloğlu Öz T, Özpamuk Karadeniz F, Akyüz Ş, Ünal Dayı Ş, Esen
Zencirci A, Atasoy I, et al. The advantages of live/real time threedimensional
transesophageal echocardiography during assessments of
pulmonary stenosis. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2016;32:573-82.
6. Kemaloğlu Öz T, Karadeniz FÖ, Gundlapalli H, Erer B, Sharma RK,
Ahmed M, et al. Coexisting bicuspid aortic and pulmonary valves with
normally related great vessels diagnosed by live/real time three-dimensional
transesophageal echocardiography. Echocardiography 2014;31:218-21.
7. European Society of Gynecology (ESG); Association for European
Paediatric Cardiology (AEPC); German Society for Gender Medicine
(DGesGM), Regitz-Zagrosek V, Blomstrom Lundqvist C, Borghi C, et
al. ESC Guidelines on the management of cardiovascular diseases during
pregnancy: the Task Force on the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases
during Pregnancy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart
J 2011;32:3147-97.
8. Stout K. Pregnancy in women with congenital heart disease: the importance
of evaluation and counselling. Heart 2005;91:713-4.
Öz, T. K., Eren, M., Gürol, T., Soylu, Ö., vd. (2018). A Misclassification of Pulmonary Stenosis Using Conventional Echocardiographic Methods. Balkan Medical Journal, 35(1), 105-107.
AMA
Öz TK, Eren M, Gürol T, Soylu Ö, Dağdeviren B. A Misclassification of Pulmonary Stenosis Using Conventional Echocardiographic Methods. Balkan Medical Journal. Ocak 2018;35(1):105-107.
Chicago
Öz, Tuğba Kemaloğlu, Mehmet Eren, Tayfun Gürol, Özer Soylu, ve Bahadır Dağdeviren. “A Misclassification of Pulmonary Stenosis Using Conventional Echocardiographic Methods”. Balkan Medical Journal 35, sy. 1 (Ocak 2018): 105-7.
EndNote
Öz TK, Eren M, Gürol T, Soylu Ö, Dağdeviren B (01 Ocak 2018) A Misclassification of Pulmonary Stenosis Using Conventional Echocardiographic Methods. Balkan Medical Journal 35 1 105–107.
IEEE
T. K. Öz, M. Eren, T. Gürol, Ö. Soylu, ve B. Dağdeviren, “A Misclassification of Pulmonary Stenosis Using Conventional Echocardiographic Methods”, Balkan Medical Journal, c. 35, sy. 1, ss. 105–107, 2018.
ISNAD
Öz, Tuğba Kemaloğlu vd. “A Misclassification of Pulmonary Stenosis Using Conventional Echocardiographic Methods”. Balkan Medical Journal 35/1 (Ocak 2018), 105-107.
JAMA
Öz TK, Eren M, Gürol T, Soylu Ö, Dağdeviren B. A Misclassification of Pulmonary Stenosis Using Conventional Echocardiographic Methods. Balkan Medical Journal. 2018;35:105–107.
MLA
Öz, Tuğba Kemaloğlu vd. “A Misclassification of Pulmonary Stenosis Using Conventional Echocardiographic Methods”. Balkan Medical Journal, c. 35, sy. 1, 2018, ss. 105-7.
Vancouver
Öz TK, Eren M, Gürol T, Soylu Ö, Dağdeviren B. A Misclassification of Pulmonary Stenosis Using Conventional Echocardiographic Methods. Balkan Medical Journal. 2018;35(1):105-7.