Türkiye Nohut Varlığının Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ile Belirlenmesi

Öz

Nohut, mercimekten sonra kurak ve sıcak iklimlere en dayanıklı ikinci yemeklik baklagil bitkisidir. Fakir topraklarda üretime elverişli olması nedeniyle, nadas alanlarının kaldırılması veya azaltılmasında uygulanabilir bir bitkidir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'de ekim alanı ve üretim açısından önde gelen baklagillerden biri olan nohudun ekim alanı, üretim ve verim potansiyellerini Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) kullanarak inceleyerek mevcut durumu ortaya koymaktır. Böylece, karar vericiler ve üreticiler için üretim planlama ve izleme süreçleri kontrol altına alınabilir. Bu amaçla, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) ve Birleşmiş Milletler Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü'nden (FAO) son 5 yıla ait veriler kullanılarak mekânsal projeksiyonu değerlendirmek üzere kartografik haritalar üretilmiştir. Bu veriler ve önceden hazırlanmış WGS-84 UTM-Zone-36 projeksiyon taban şekil (.shp) dosyaları yardımıyla Türkiye ve Dünya yoğunluk haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Türkiye, yıllık 580.000 tonluk üretimle Hindistan (1.354.3630 ton) ve Avustralya'nın (1.062.250 ton) ardından üçüncü büyük nohut üreticisidir. Hasat alanı bakımından 456.480 hektar ile 4., verim bakımından ise 23. sıradadır. En çok ekilen ürünler arasında nohut (458.7718 hektar) ilk sırada yer alırken, onu kırmızı mercimek (278.1522 hektar) ikinci, kuru fasulye (884.569 hektar) ise üçüncü sırada takip etmektedir. Bölgesel düzeyde, nohut üretiminin en yoğun olduğu bölge İç Anadolu Bölgesi'dir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Baklagiller
• Cicer arietinum
• Türkiye
• Uzaktan algılama
• Verim

Determination Chickpea Presence in Türkiye with Geographic Information Systems

Öz

Chickpea is the second most resistant food grain legume crop to arid and hot climates after lentil. Given its feasibility for production in poor soils, it represents a viable crop for implementation in the removal or reduction of fallow lands. In this context, the aim of the study is to reveal the current situation by examining the cultivated area, production, and yield potentials of chickpea, which is among the foremost legumes regarding cultivation area and production in Türkiye, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Thus, production planning and monitoring processes can be brought under control for decision-makers and producers. To this end, cartographic maps have been produced to evaluate the spatial projection using the last 5 years of data obtained from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). With the aid of these data and pre-prepared WGS-84 UTM-Zone-36 projection base shape (.shp) files, density maps of Türkiye and the world have been created. Türkiye ranks as the third-largest chickpea producer with an annual production of 580000 tons, following India (13543630 tons) and Australia (1062250 tons). It ranks 4th in terms of harvested area with 456480 ha and 23rd in terms of yield. Chickpea (4587718 ha) ranks first among the most planted products, followed by red lentils (2781522 ha) in second place, and dry beans (884569 ha) in third place. At the regional level, the Central Anatolia Region is where chickpea production is most intensive.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cicer arietinum
• Legumes
• Remote sensing
• Türkiye
• Yield

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