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AKILLI UZMANLAŞMA YOLUYLA BÖLGESEL KALKINMADA ÜNİVERSİTELERİN ROLÜ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 01 Sayı: 02, 171 - 192, 27.05.2023

Öz

Bir bölgesel yenilik stratejisi olan akıllı uzmanlaşma, bölgelerin kendi öz kaynakları değerlendirilerek kalkınmalarını ifade etmektedir. Akıllı uzmanlaşma stratejisi, bölgelerde öne çıkan faaliyetlerde ihtisaslaşmayı içermekte olup bu stratejinin hem Avrupa Birliği’nde (AB) hem de Türkiye’de uygulamaları mevcuttur. Öte yandan, akıllı uzmanlaşmanın AB’de yükseköğretim alanı ile resmi ve doğrudan bir bağlantısı bulunmaktayken Türkiye’de bu bağlantı resmi olarak ilk defa 2020 yılında kurulabilmiştir. Bu nedenle makalede; akıllı uzmanlaşmanın tanıtılması, Türkiye’de bölgesel kalkınma bağlamında anlamlandırılması ve yükseköğretim alanı ile ilişkisinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak, akıllı uzmanlaşma, bölgesel kalkınma, yenilik ve yükseköğretim ile ilgili literatür taranmış, öne çıkan çalışmaların sonuçları derlenmiştir. Türkiye’de bu alanların kesişiminde yer alan Bölgesel Kalkınma Odaklı Misyon Farklılaşması ve İhtisaslaşma Projesinin çıktıları ışığında, üniversitelerin bölgesel kalkınmadaki özne konumları ve akıllı uzmanlaşmaya nasıl içerik kazandırdıklarının ortaya konulması önemli görülmüştür. Türkiye’de hakkında yeterli düzeyde teorik bilgi bulunmayan akıllı uzmanlaşma kavramının tanıtılması ve akıllı uzmanlaşmanın mevcut pratiklerinin yükseköğretim alanına yansımalarının değerlendirilmesi yoluyla doğru uygulamaların bölgesel kalkınmayı nasıl tetikleyebileceği tartışılmıştır.

Kaynakça

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THE ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH SMART SPECIALIZATION

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 01 Sayı: 02, 171 - 192, 27.05.2023

Öz

Smart specialization, a regional innovation strategy, refers to the development of regions through the utilization of their own resources. Smart specialization strategy includes the specialization in prominent activities within the regions and is being implemented both in the European Union (EU) and in Türkiye. On the other hand, while smart specialization has a formal and direct connection with the higher education field in the EU, this connection was officially established for the first time in Türkiye in 2020. Therefore, this study aims to introduce smart specialization, contextualize it within the framework of regional development in Türkiye, and to reveal its relationship with higher education. For this purpose, the literature on smart specialization, regional development, innovation and higher education has been reviewed and the results of prominent studies have been compiled. In the light of the outputs of Mission Differentiation and Specialization on the Basis of Regional Development Project, which is located at the intersection of all these fields in Türkiye, it has been considered significant to reveal the roles of universities in regional development and how they contribute to smart specialization. It has been discussed how the implementation of appropriate practices can trigger regional development by introducing the concept of smart specialization, for which there is insufficient theoretical knowledge in Türkiye, and evaluating the reflections of current practices of smart specialization in the field of higher education.

Kaynakça

  • Abramovsky L., Harrison R., Simpson H. (2007). University research and the location of business R&D. Economic Journal, 117, 114–141.
  • Akın, S. (2019). Akıllı Uzmanlaşma Stratejisi Fırat Teknokent Örneği, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Arnkil, R., Järvensivu, A., Koski, P., Piirainen, T. (2010). Exploring quadruple helix outlining user-oriented innovation models. Työraportteja 85/2010 Working Papers.
  • Arvaniti, E. N., Dima, A., Stylios, C. D., Papadakis, V. G. (2022). Introducing research loop to achieve open ınnovation for research centers in quintuple helix. Sustainability, 14(22), 14968.
  • Asheim, B. T. (1995). Industrial districts as ‘learning regions’: a condition for prosperity?. Step Report, 1-24.
  • Asheim, B., Grillitsch, M., Trippl, M. (2017). Smart specialization as an innovation-driven strategy for economic diversification: Examples from Scandinavian regions. Advances in the Theory and Practice of Smart Specialization içinde (73-97), S. Radosevic, A. Curaj, R. Gheorghiu, L. Andreescu, I. Wade (ed.), United Kingdom: Academic Press.
  • Avaner, T. (2005). BKA, siyasal rejim sorunu yaratır mı?. Bölge Kalkınma Ajansları Nedir, Ne Değildir? içinde (239-263), M. Turan (ed.) Ankara: Paragraf Yayınevi.
  • Avrupa Komisyonu Akıllı Uzmanlaşma Platformu. (2020a). “S3 Implementation”. https://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/s3-implementation, (Erişim tarihi: 02.05.2020).
  • Avrupa Komisyonu Akıllı Uzmanlaşma Platformu. (2020b). “Turkey”. https://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/turkey, (Erişim tarihi: 15.05.2020).
  • Avrupa Komisyonu. (1999). European Spatial Development Perspective. https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docoffic/official/reports/pdf/sum_en.pdf, (Erişim tarihi: 24.10.2019).
  • Avrupa Komisyonu. (2012). Guide to Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialisations (RIS 3). Brussels.
  • Basant, R., Chandra, P. (2011). Hindistan’da üniversite sanayi ilişkileri ve işletme yaratılması: bazı stratejik ve politik konular. Üniversiteler Ekonomik Büyümeye Nasıl Katkıda Bulunur? (Çev.: K. Yamaç) içinde (197-212), S. Yusuf, K. Nabeshima (ed.), Ankara: Efil Yayınevi.
  • Bathelt H., Malmberg A., Maskell P. (2004). Clusters and knowledge: local buzz, global pipelines and the process of knowledge creation. Progress in Human Geography, 28, 31–56.
  • Bayrak, C. (2016). Spatial Decision Support System for Site Selection of Investments of Prominent Sectors-The Case of East Marmara, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Bilişim Enstitüsü.
  • Becattini, G. (2017). The Marshallian industrial district as a socio-economic notion. Revue d'économie industrielle, (157), 13-32.
  • Bellandi, M. (1989). The industrial district in Marshall. Small Firms and Industrial Districts in Italy içinde (136-152), E. Goodman, J. Bamford (ed.), London: Routledge.
  • Boschma, R., Coenen, L., Frenken, K., Truffer, B. (2016). Towards a theory of regional diversification. Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography, 16.17, 1-23.
  • Braunerhjelm, P. (2008). Specialization of regions and universities: the new versus the old. Industry and Innovation, 15, 253–275.
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  • Neffke, F., Henning, M., Boschma, R. (2011). How do regions diversify over time? Industry relatedness and the development of new growth paths in regions. Economic Geography, 87(3), 237-265.
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  • Petrenko, Y., Vechkinzova, E., Antonov, V. (2019). Transition from the industrial clusters to the smart specialization: A case study. Insights into Regional Development, 1(2), 118-128.
  • Petruzzelli, A. M. (2011). The impact of technological relatedness, prior ties, and geographical distance on university–industry collaborations: a joint-patent analysis. Technovation, 31(7), 309-319.
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  • Siegel, D. S., Waldman, D. A., Atwater, L. E., Link, A. N. (2003). Commercial knowledge transfers from universities to firms: improving the effectiveness of university–industry collaboration. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 14(1), 111-133.
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  • Yiğit, A. G., Maden, S. (2019). Bölgesel kalkınma politikalarındaki dönüşüm: yeni bölgecilik yaklaşımı ve Türkiye yansımaları. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(3), 113-120.
  • Yokuş, İ. (2019). Sivas İli Hayvansal Atık Kaynaklı Sürdürülebilir Biyogaz Üretimi İçin Optimum Tesis Lokasyonlarının Belirlenmesi, Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • YÖK (Yükseköğretim Kurulu). (2020a). “Proje Hakkında”. https://bolgeselkalkinma.yok.gov.tr/hakkinda/proje-hakkinda, (Erişim tarihi: 28.01.2021).
  • YÖK (Yükseköğretim Kurulu). (2020b). Yükseköğretimde Yeni YÖK Projeleri - Yükseköğretimde İhtisaslaşma ve Misyon Farklılaşması Bölgesel Kalkınma Odaklı Üniversiteler. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Yayinlar/Yayinlarimiz/2020/bolgesel_kalkinma_odakli_universiteler.pdf, (Erişim tarihi: 28.01.2021).
  • Yusuf, S. (2011). Üniversite-endüstri ilişkileri: politik boyutlar. Üniversiteler Ekonomik Büyümeye Nasıl Katkıda Bulunur? (Çev.: K. Yamaç) içinde (1-24), S. Yusuf, K. Nabeshima (ed.), Ankara: Efil Yayınevi.
Toplam 98 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ekonomi, Kamu Yönetimi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Ahmet Samet Tekoğlu 0000-0002-7984-9650

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Mayıs 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 01 Sayı: 02

Kaynak Göster

APA Tekoğlu, A. S. (2023). AKILLI UZMANLAŞMA YOLUYLA BÖLGESEL KALKINMADA ÜNİVERSİTELERİN ROLÜ. Bölgesel Kalkınma Dergisi, 01(02), 171-192.