Valorization of boron derivatives in polyurethane-based foams for reduced ignitability and thermal conductivity

Öz

Polyurethane (PU) based materials have wide application areas, especially in the thermal insulation, construction, and automotive sectors, due to their properties such as thermal and electrical insulation, lightness, and high compressive strength. In addition, studies on converting boron and its derivatives into value-added products have gained importance. In this study, the mechanical, physical, thermal, and ignitability properties of the composite materials obtained by adding boron derivatives of different weight fractions into PU were examined. Boron derivatives such as ground ulexite (U), borax pentahydrate, borax decahydrate, and ground colemanite (Col) were added to PU at 1, 3 and 5% by weight. It was shown that the density, thermal conductivity and compression modulus values increase when boron derivatives are used in PU-based composites. At the same time, the addition of ground U or Col to the PU foam reduced the water absorption value and made a positive contribution to the water absorption capacity. The PU material with 5 wt % Col added produced the greatest results, whereas 3.14% was discovered to be the lowest water absorption capability. The addition of boron derivatives increased the ignitability properties of PU foam composites. In particular, ground U or borax pentahydrate fillers showed substantial improvement in ignitability tests of PU foam composites. U (1%) demonstrated exceptional performance, reducing the PU's self-extinguishing time from 2.96 to 0 s.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• boron derivatives
• ignitability
• Polyurethane
• thermal conductivity

Poliüretan bazlı köpüklerde yanıcılığın ve ısı iletkenliğinin azaltılması için bor türevlerinin değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Poliüretan (PU) esaslı malzemeler ısı ve elektrik yalıtımı, hafiflik, yüksek basınç dayanımı gibi özelliklerinden dolayı özellikle ısı yalıtımı, inşaat ve otomotiv sektörlerinde geniş uygulama alanlarına sahiptir. Ayrıca bor ve türevlerinin katma değerli ürünlere dönüştürülmesine yönelik çalışmalar önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmada farklı ağırlık fraksiyonlarındaki bor türevlerinin PU'ya eklenmesiyle elde edilen kompozit malzemelerin mekanik, fiziksel, termal ve tutuşabilirlik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Öğütülmüş üleksit (U), boraks pentahidrat, boraks dekahidrat ve öğütülmüş kolemanit (Col) gibi bor türevleri PU'ya ağırlıkça %1, 3 ve 5 oranlarında eklenmiştir. PU bazlı kompozitlerde bor türevleri kullanıldığında yoğunluk, ısıl iletkenlik ve sıkıştırma modülü değerlerinin arttığı gösterilmiştir. Aynı zamanda PU köpüğe toprak U veya Col ilavesi su emme değerini düşürmüş ve su emme kapasitesine olumlu katkı sağlamıştır. Ağırlıkça %5 Col ilave edilen PU malzemesi en iyi sonuçları üretirken, %3,14'ün en düşük su emme kapasitesi olduğu keşfedildi. Bor türevlerinin eklenmesi PU köpük kompozitlerin tutuşabilirlik özelliklerini arttırmıştır. Özellikle öğütülmüş U veya boraks pentahidrat dolgu maddeleri, PU köpük kompozitlerinin tutuşabilirlik testlerinde önemli bir gelişme gösterdi. U (%1) PU'nun kendi kendine sönme süresini 2,96'dan 0 saniyeye düşürerek olağanüstü bir performans sergilemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bor türevleri
• Yanıcılık
• Poliüretan
• ısıl iletkenlik

Kaynakça

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