Bor içeren anti-kanser ilaç taşıyıcı nanoplatformlardaki güncel gelişmeler

Öz

Bor içeren bileşikler, elektron eksikliği, geri dönüşümlü kovalent etkileşimler ve yapısal çeşitlilik gibi kendilerine özgü kimyasal özellikleri sayesinde gelişmiş antikanser ilaç taşıma sistemlerinin tasarımında çok yönlü yapı taşları olarak öne çıkmıştır. Son yıllarda, tümör hedeflemeyi artırmak, ilaç yükleme verimliliğini iyileştirmek ve sistemik toksisiteyi en aza indirirken kontrollü salım sağlamak amacıyla bor fonksiyonelleştirilmiş nanotaşıyıcıların mühendisliğinde önemli ilerlemeler kaydedilmiştir. Bu derleme, bor nitrür nanoparçacıkları, boronik asit fonksiyonelleştirilmiş polimerler, BODIPY tabanlı nanotaşıyıcılar ve bor içeren süpramoleküler nanoplatformlar dâhil olmak üzere bor içeren antikanser ilaç taşıma nanoplatformlarındaki son gelişmeleri özetlemektedir. Özellikle, tümör mikroçevresinde pH, ligand veya reaktif oksijen türleri ile tetiklenen ilaç salımı için boronik asitler ile cis-diol grupları arasındaki dinamik kovalent etkileşimlerden yararlanan uyarana duyarlı sistemlere odaklanılmaktadır. Hücresel alımı artırma, hücre içi stabiliteyi güçlendirme ve seçici sitotoksisite sağlama stratejileri de ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca, görüntüleme yetenekleri veya kombinasyonel tedavi yaklaşımları içeren çok işlevli nanotaşıyıcılar incelenmektedir. Umut verici preklinik sonuçlara rağmen, büyük ölçekli üretim, uzun vadeli biyogüvenlik değerlendirmesi, farmakokinetik optimizasyon ve klinik uygulamaya geçiş konularında zorluklar devam etmektedir. Genel olarak, bor içeren nanotaşıyıcılar, hedefe yönelik ve uyarana duyarlı antikanser ilaç taşımayı ilerletme potansiyeli yüksek, hızla gelişen bir platformu temsil etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bor
• ilaç salımı
• nanoparçacık
• nanotaşıyıcı
• Antikanser
• Kanser terapisi

Recent advances in boron containing anticancer drug delivery nanocarrier platforms

Öz

Boron-containing compounds have emerged as versatile building blocks in the design of advanced anticancer drug delivery systems due to their unique chemical features, including electron deficiency, reversible covalent interactions, and structural diversity. In recent years, significant progress has been made in engineering boron-functionalized nanocarriers to enhance tumor targeting, improve drug loading efficiency, and achieve controlled release while minimizing systemic toxicity. This review highlights recent advances in boron-containing anticancer drug delivery nanoplatforms, including boron-nitride nanoparticles, boronic acid-functionalized polymers, BODIPY-based nanocarriers and boron incorporated supramolecular nanoplatforms. Particular attention is given to stimulus-responsive systems exploiting the dynamic covalent interactions between boronic acids and cis-diols for pH-, ligand-, or reactive oxygen species-triggered drug release in the tumor microenvironment. Strategies to improve cellular uptake, enhance intracellular stability, and achieve selective cytotoxicity are also discussed. Furthermore, multifunctional nanocarriers incorporating imaging capabilities or combinatorial therapeutic modalities are examined. Despite promising preclinical results, challenges remain in large-scale production, long-term biosafety evaluation, pharmacokinetic optimization, and clinical translation. Overall, boron- containing nanocarriers represent a rapidly evolving platform with strong potential to advance targeted and responsive anticancer drug delivery.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Boron
• anticancer
• cancer therapy
• drug delivery
• nanocarrier
• nanoparticle.

Kaynakça

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