SEÇİM, DARBE, KRİZ: MYANMAR’IN BİTMEYEN DEMOKRASİ DENEYİ

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2 , 152 - 164 , 27.12.2025

Kadir Şahin

https://izlik.org/JA83GK79KK

Öz

Myanmar, 1948’de İngiliz sömürgesinden bağımsızlığını kazanmıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2020 seçimleriyle demokratik meşruiyet kazanan sivil yöneticilerin 2021 askeri darbesiyle görevden uzaklaştırılmasının Myanmar’ın demokrasi deneyimi üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Hipotez, sivil yönetime geçen iktidarın 2021 darbesiyle geçersiz kılınarak demokratikleşme sürecinin engellendiği yönündedir. Çalışmada nitel yöntem kullanılmış, veri kaynakları olarak akademik makaleler, kitaplar, uluslararası raporlar ve güvenilir haberler değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler belge ve içerik analizi yöntemleriyle yorumlanmıştır. Myanmar’ın siyasal tarihi, sömürgecilik, kısa süreli demokrasi deneyimleri ve askeri darbelerle şekillenmiştir. Ordu, demokratik geçişleri engellemiş ve 2008 Anayasası ile milletvekili kontenjanının %25’ini kontrolünde tutmuştur. 2011’de başlayan demokrasi süreci 2015 ve 2020 seçimleriyle ilerlemiş, ancak 2021 darbesiyle kesintiye uğramıştır. Darbe, iç savaş, kitlesel gösteriler, gözaltılar ve milyonlarca göçle sonuçlanmıştır. Silahlı muhalifler “Üç Kardeşler İttifakı” altında birleşmiştir. Araştırma, 2011–2025 dönemini kapsayarak 28 Aralık 2025 seçimlerine etkilerini incelemiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Myanmar , Askeri Darbe , Cunta İdaresi , Demokrasi , İç Savaş

Etik Beyan

B u araştırmada etik beyanı yoktur.

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu araştırmayı destekleyen kurum yoktur.

ELECTION, COUP, CRISIS: MYANMAR’S UNENDING EXPERIMENT WITH DEMOCRACY

https://izlik.org/JA83GK79KK

Öz

Myanmar gained independence from British colonial rule in 1948. The aim of this research is to examine the effects of the removal from office of civilian leaders, who gained democratic legitimacy in the 2020 elections, through the 2021 military coup on Myanmar's experience of democracy. The hypothesis is that the transition to civilian rule was invalidated by the 2021 coup, thereby obstructing the democratisation process. The study employed qualitative methods, with academic articles, books, international reports and reliable news sources serving as data sources. The data were interpreted using document and content analysis methods. Myanmar's political history has been shaped by colonialism, brief experiments with democracy and military coups. The military has obstructed democratic transitions and retained control over 25 per cent of parliamentary seats under the 2008 Constitution. The democratic process that began in 2011 progressed with the 2015 and 2020 elections, but was interrupted by the 2021 coup. The coup resulted in civil war, mass protests, detentions and millions of refugees. Armed opposition groups have united under the ‘Three Brothers Alliance’. The study covers the period 2011–2025 and examines its impact on the 28 December 2025 elections.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Myanmar , Military Coup , Junta Regime , Democracy , Civil War

Kaynakça

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