Kedi ve Köpeklerde Kullanılan Bazı İmmünsupresif İlaçlar ve Kullanım Amaçları

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 101 - 107, 31.12.2021

Ömer Aydın M. Sinan Aktaş

Öz

İmmün sistem tümör hücrelerini ve patojen ajanları tanıyarak hastalıklara karşı organizmayı koruyan bir sistemdir. Organ nakillerinde, bazı yangısal ve otoimmun hastalıklarda immünsupresif tedavi kullanılmaktadır. İmmün sistemin dengesi immün sistemin baskılanması ve artırılması şeklinde düzenlenmektedir. İmmünsupresif ilaçlar etki şekillerine göre nonspesifik immünsupresyon oluşturanlar [(radyasyon, kortikosteroidler, sitotoksik ilaçlar (alkilleyici ajanlar, folik asit antagonistleri, DNA sentez inhibitörleri]) ve seçici immünsupresyon oluşturanlar (kalsinörin inhibitörleri, rapamisin inhibitörleri, inosin monofosfat dehidrojenaz inhibitörleri, leflunomide, lenfosit deplesyon tedavisi, intravenöz immunglobulin tedavisi) olarak ikiye ayrılmaktadır. İmmünsupresif ilaçlar tek başlarına kullanılabileceği gibi kombine ilaç tedavisi şeklinde de kullanılabilmektedir. Bu derlemede küçük hayvan hekimliğinde en fazla kullanılan bazı immünsupresif ilaçların genel özellikleri ve kullanıldığı durumlar güncel literatürler ışığında bilgi verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İmmün sistem, İmmünsupresif ilaçlar, İmmünmodulatör, Tedavi

Some Immunosuppressive Drugs Used in Cats and Dogs and Their Purposes

Öz

The immune system is a system that protects the organism against diseases by recognizing tumor cells and pathogenic agents. Immunosuppressive therapy is used in organ transplants, some inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The balance of the immune system is regulated by suppressing and increasing the immune system. Immunosuppressive drugs are divided into nonspecific [(radiation, corticosteroids, cytotoxic drugs (alkylating agents, folic acid antagonists, DNA synthesis inhibitors]) and selective immunosuppressants (calcineurin inhibitors, rapamycin inhibitors, inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitors, leflunomide, lymphocyte depletion treatment, intravenous immunglobulin therapy) according to their mode of action. Immunosuppressive drugs can be used alone or as combined drug therapy. In this review, the general characteristics of some immunosuppressive drugs that are most used in small animal medicine and the situations in which they are used are given in the light of the current literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Immune system, Immunosuppressive drugs, Immunmodulatory, Treatment

Kaynakça

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