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Bosna’da Kalıcı Barış Mümkün Mü?

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 10, 63 - 84, 01.06.2014

Öz

Can there be a permanent peace in Bosnia? Is the preservation of peace achievable in the multinational state of Bosnia? Or is a formal partition not just the more realistic but the more just alternative in these circumstances? Answering these questions and understanding Bosnia inevitably involves a comprehension of complexity. The debate over Bosnia’s past, present, and future is dominated by essential images and dichotomies: Tolerance or hatred? Civil war or aggression? Integration or partition? If there is one characteristic that is undeniably intrinsic to Bosnia’s past, present, and presumably future, it is complexity and the fluidities and uncertainties that a complex historical legacy brings in its wake. A society shaped on the crossroads of empires for four centuries and on the corner of competing modern nationalisms during a fifth, Bosnia rejects one-dimensional categorization.

Kaynakça

  • Ali, Rabia ve Lawrance Lifschults, “Separating history from myth: an interview with Ivo Banac,” Why Bosnia? Writings on the Balkan War içinde, Der. Rabia Ali and Lawrance Lifschults, Connecticut: The Pamphleteer’s Press, 1993.
  • Babuna, Aydın. Bir Ulusun Doğuşu: Geçmişten Günümüze Boşnaklar. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, 2000.
  • Banac, Ivo. “The Fearful Asymmetry of War: The Causes and Consequences of Yugoslavia’s Demise.” Daedalus 121, no.2 (1992): 141-174.
  • Baudrillard, Jean. The Perfect Crime. London: Verso, 1996.
  • Bennett, Christopher. Yugoslavia’s Bloody Collapse. New York: New York Uni- versity Press, 1996.
  • Bhabha, Homi. The Location of Culture. New York: Routledge, 1994.
  • Bondi, Liz, “Locating Identity Politics,” Place and the Politics of Identity içinde, Der. Michael Keith ve Steve Pile, (London, Psychology Press, 1993).
  • Bora, Tanıl. Bosna-Hersek: Yeni Dünya Düzeni’nin Av Sahası. İstanbul: Birikim Yayınları, 1994.
  • Bose, Sumantra. Bosnia After Dayton. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
  • Bringa, Tone. Being Muslim the Bosnian Way: Identity and Community in a Cen- tral Bosnian Village. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995.
  • Chandler, David. “From Dayton to Europe.” International Peacekeeping 12, no.3 (2005): 336-349.
  • Coakley, John. The Territorial Management of Ethnic Conflict. London: F. Cass, 19 Connoly, William. “Pluralism, Multiculturalism, and the Nation-State: Rethink- ing the Connections.” Journal of Political Ideologies 1, no. 1 (1996): 53-73.
  • Connor, Walker. Ethnonationalism, the Quest for Understanding. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994.
  • Derrida, Jacques. Specters of Marx: The State of the Debt, the Work of Mourning and the New International. New York: Routledge, 1994.
  • Giddens, Anthony. The Nation-State and Violence. Berkeley: University of Cali- fornia Press, 1985.
  • Gottmann, Jean. The Significance of Territory. Charlottesville: The University Press of Virginia, 1973.
  • Gottmann, Jean. “The Evolution of the Concept of Territory.” Social Science In- formation 14, no.3 (1975): 29-47.
  • Gottmann, Jean. “The Basic Problem of Political Geography: The Organization of Space and the Search for Stability.” Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 73, no.6 (1982): 340-349.
  • Grosby, Steven. “Territoriality: The Transcendental, Primordial Feature of Mod- ern Societies.” Nations and Nationalism 1, no. 1 (1995): 143-162.
  • Hayden, Robert. “Imagined Communities and Real Victims: Self Determination and Ethnic Cleansing in Yugoslavia.” American Ethnologist 23, no. 4 (1996): 783-80
  • Hayden, Robert. “Bosnia: The Contradictions of Democracy Without Consent.” East European Constitutional Review 7, (1998).
  • Klemencic, Mladen, “Territorial Proposals for the Settlement of the War in Bosnia Herzegovina,” Boundary and Territory Briefing içinde, Der. Martin Pratt ve Clive Schofield, (Durham: University of Durham, 1994).
  • Lampe, John. Yugoslavia as History: Twice There was a Country. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
  • Leff, Carol. “Democratization and Disintegration in Multinational States: The Break-up of the Communist Federations.” World Politics 51, no.2 (1999): 205- 2
  • Poulton, Hugh. The Balkans: Minorities and States in Conflict. London: Minority Rights Publications, 1993.
  • Ramet, Sabrina P. “Explaining the Yugoslav Meltdown, 1 ‘For a Charm Pow’rful Trouble, Like a Hell-broth Boil and Bubble’: Theories About the Roots of the Yugoslav Troubles.” The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity 32, no.4 (2007): 731-7
  • Ratner , Steven R. “Drawing a Better Line: UTI Possidetis and the Borders of New States.” The American Journal of International Law 90 (1996): 590-624.
  • Remenyi, Peter. “The Statehood of Bosnia-Herzegovina According to the Hart- shorne Model.” Historia Actual Online 27 (2012): 129-140.
  • Rusinow, Dennison, “Yugoslavia’s Disintegration and the Ottoman Past,” Impe- rial Legacy, The Ottoman Imprint on the Balkans and the Middle East içinde, Der. Carl Brown, New York: Columbia University Press, 1996.
  • Rüma, İnan. “Uluslararası Toplum ve Egemenlik: Bosna Hersek Örneği.” Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 63, no.1 (2008): 237-272.
  • Sugar, Peter. Southeastern Europe under Ottoman Rule, 1354-1804. Seattle: Uni- versity of Washington Press, 1977.
  • Woodward, Susan L. Balkan Tragedy. Washington D.C: The Brookings Instituti- on, 1995.

Bosna’da Kalıcı Barış Mümkün Mü?

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 10, 63 - 84, 01.06.2014

Öz

Bosna’da kalıcı barış mümkün mü? Çok etnisiteli Bosna’da barışın korunması sağlanabilir mi? Yoksa bölünme hem daha gerçekçi hem de daha adil bir çözüm müdür? Bu soruların cevaplanması Bosna’nın karmaşık yapısının anlaşılmasını gerektirir. Bosna’nın tarihi, bugünü ve geleceği üzerine tartışmalar ikilemler üzerinden yapılmaktadır: Hoşgörü mü nefret mi? İç savaş mı saldırı mı? Bütünleşme mi bölünme mi? Eğer Bosna’nın geçmişi, bugünü ve geleceğinin inkâr edilemez bir özelliği var ise, bu da zengin tarihi mirasın getirdiği karmaşıklıklar, akışkanlıklar ve belirsizliklerdir. Dört asır boyunca imparatorlukların kavşağında şekillenen ve beşinci asırda da rekabet içindeki modern milliyetçiliklerin merkezinde bulunan Bosna’nın anlaşılması basit dualistik kavramların ötesinde bir sorunsallaştırmayı gerekli kılmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Ali, Rabia ve Lawrance Lifschults, “Separating history from myth: an interview with Ivo Banac,” Why Bosnia? Writings on the Balkan War içinde, Der. Rabia Ali and Lawrance Lifschults, Connecticut: The Pamphleteer’s Press, 1993.
  • Babuna, Aydın. Bir Ulusun Doğuşu: Geçmişten Günümüze Boşnaklar. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, 2000.
  • Banac, Ivo. “The Fearful Asymmetry of War: The Causes and Consequences of Yugoslavia’s Demise.” Daedalus 121, no.2 (1992): 141-174.
  • Baudrillard, Jean. The Perfect Crime. London: Verso, 1996.
  • Bennett, Christopher. Yugoslavia’s Bloody Collapse. New York: New York Uni- versity Press, 1996.
  • Bhabha, Homi. The Location of Culture. New York: Routledge, 1994.
  • Bondi, Liz, “Locating Identity Politics,” Place and the Politics of Identity içinde, Der. Michael Keith ve Steve Pile, (London, Psychology Press, 1993).
  • Bora, Tanıl. Bosna-Hersek: Yeni Dünya Düzeni’nin Av Sahası. İstanbul: Birikim Yayınları, 1994.
  • Bose, Sumantra. Bosnia After Dayton. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
  • Bringa, Tone. Being Muslim the Bosnian Way: Identity and Community in a Cen- tral Bosnian Village. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995.
  • Chandler, David. “From Dayton to Europe.” International Peacekeeping 12, no.3 (2005): 336-349.
  • Coakley, John. The Territorial Management of Ethnic Conflict. London: F. Cass, 19 Connoly, William. “Pluralism, Multiculturalism, and the Nation-State: Rethink- ing the Connections.” Journal of Political Ideologies 1, no. 1 (1996): 53-73.
  • Connor, Walker. Ethnonationalism, the Quest for Understanding. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994.
  • Derrida, Jacques. Specters of Marx: The State of the Debt, the Work of Mourning and the New International. New York: Routledge, 1994.
  • Giddens, Anthony. The Nation-State and Violence. Berkeley: University of Cali- fornia Press, 1985.
  • Gottmann, Jean. The Significance of Territory. Charlottesville: The University Press of Virginia, 1973.
  • Gottmann, Jean. “The Evolution of the Concept of Territory.” Social Science In- formation 14, no.3 (1975): 29-47.
  • Gottmann, Jean. “The Basic Problem of Political Geography: The Organization of Space and the Search for Stability.” Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 73, no.6 (1982): 340-349.
  • Grosby, Steven. “Territoriality: The Transcendental, Primordial Feature of Mod- ern Societies.” Nations and Nationalism 1, no. 1 (1995): 143-162.
  • Hayden, Robert. “Imagined Communities and Real Victims: Self Determination and Ethnic Cleansing in Yugoslavia.” American Ethnologist 23, no. 4 (1996): 783-80
  • Hayden, Robert. “Bosnia: The Contradictions of Democracy Without Consent.” East European Constitutional Review 7, (1998).
  • Klemencic, Mladen, “Territorial Proposals for the Settlement of the War in Bosnia Herzegovina,” Boundary and Territory Briefing içinde, Der. Martin Pratt ve Clive Schofield, (Durham: University of Durham, 1994).
  • Lampe, John. Yugoslavia as History: Twice There was a Country. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
  • Leff, Carol. “Democratization and Disintegration in Multinational States: The Break-up of the Communist Federations.” World Politics 51, no.2 (1999): 205- 2
  • Poulton, Hugh. The Balkans: Minorities and States in Conflict. London: Minority Rights Publications, 1993.
  • Ramet, Sabrina P. “Explaining the Yugoslav Meltdown, 1 ‘For a Charm Pow’rful Trouble, Like a Hell-broth Boil and Bubble’: Theories About the Roots of the Yugoslav Troubles.” The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity 32, no.4 (2007): 731-7
  • Ratner , Steven R. “Drawing a Better Line: UTI Possidetis and the Borders of New States.” The American Journal of International Law 90 (1996): 590-624.
  • Remenyi, Peter. “The Statehood of Bosnia-Herzegovina According to the Hart- shorne Model.” Historia Actual Online 27 (2012): 129-140.
  • Rusinow, Dennison, “Yugoslavia’s Disintegration and the Ottoman Past,” Impe- rial Legacy, The Ottoman Imprint on the Balkans and the Middle East içinde, Der. Carl Brown, New York: Columbia University Press, 1996.
  • Rüma, İnan. “Uluslararası Toplum ve Egemenlik: Bosna Hersek Örneği.” Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 63, no.1 (2008): 237-272.
  • Sugar, Peter. Southeastern Europe under Ottoman Rule, 1354-1804. Seattle: Uni- versity of Washington Press, 1977.
  • Woodward, Susan L. Balkan Tragedy. Washington D.C: The Brookings Instituti- on, 1995.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Behlül Özkan Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2014
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Kasım 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 10

Kaynak Göster

APA Özkan, B. (2014). Bosna’da Kalıcı Barış Mümkün Mü?. Bilge Strateji, 6(10), 63-84.