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FARKLI DÖNEMLERİNDE HASAT EDİLEN BAZI BAKLAGİL YEM BİTKİLERİNİN SİNDİRİM DERECESİNİN VE METABOLİK ENERJİ DEĞERLERİNİN İN-VİTRO GAZ TEKNİĞİ İLE BELİRLENMESİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 15 - 19, 01.01.2018

Öz

Bu çalışmada vejatatif, çiçeklenme, tohum bağlama döneminde hasat edilen ak üçgül (Trifolium repens), kırmızı üçgül (Trifolium prantense), taş yoncası (Mellilotus officinalis), adi fiğ (Vicia sativa)‘den elde edilen otların beslenme değerleri, kimyasal kompozisyonu bakımından ve gaz üretimi tekniği kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Zamana bağlı gaz üretim değerleri 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 ve 96 saatlik zaman dilimlerinde yapılmıştır. Gaz üretimine ait kinetik değerler y = a + b (1-e-ct) fonksiyonu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada hasat zamanı bitkilerin kimyasal
kompozisyonunu önemli derecede etkilemiştir. Hasat zamanının gecikmesiyle birlikte elde edilen otların Nötral Deterjan Fiber (NDF), asit detergent fibre (ADF) ve yağ içerikleri yükselirken, protein ve kül içerikleri azalmıştır. Hasat zamanına bağlı olarak ham proteinde meydana gelen azalma % 16.65 ile 23.27 arasında olmuştur. Diğer taraftan hasat zamanına bağlı olarak NDF ve ADF de meydana gelen artış sırasıyla % 10.26 ile 59.63 ve %16.28 ile 44.23 arasında olmuştur. Hasat zamanı, zamana bağlı gaz üretim değerleri ve bu değerlerden tahmin edilen parametreleri de önemli derecede etkilemiştir (P<0.001). Potansiyel gaz üretim miktarı, sindirim derecesi, metabolik enerji değerleri hasat zamanının gecikmesiyle birlikte düşmüştür. Yemlerin fermente hızı hariç diğer gaz parametreleri ile NDF ve ADF arasında negatif korelasyonlar bulunmuştur. Diğer taraftan Metabolik enerji (ME) ve organik madde sindirim derecesi (OMSD) ile HP arasında pozitif korelasyonlar bulunmuştur. Bu nedenle, metabolik enerjisi ve sindirim derecesi yüksek kaba yem elde etmek amaçlanırsa ak üçgül, kırmızı üçgül, sarıçiçekli taş yoncası ve adi fiğ vejetatif dönemde hasat edilebilir.

Kaynakça

  • AOAC. 1990. Official Method of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists pp.66-88. 15th.edition. Washington, DC. USA.
  • Buxton DR, Homstein JS, Wedin WF, Marten0GC. 1985. Forage quality in stratified canopies of alfalfa, birdsfood trefoil, and red clover. Crop Sci, 25: 429-435.
  • Kamalak A, O Canbolat, Gurbuz Y, Erol A, Ozay O. 2005a. Effect of maturity stage on chemical composition, in vitro and in situ dry matter degradation of tumbleweed hay (Gundelia tournefortii L.). Small Rumin Res, 58: 149-156.
  • Kamalak A, Canbolat O, Gurbuz Y, Erol A, Ozay O, Kizilsimsek M. 2005b. Determination of nutritive value of wild mustard, sinapsis arvensis harvested at different maturity stages using in situ and in vitro measurements. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci, 18(9): 1249-1254.
  • Lee MJ, Hwang SY, Chiou PWS. 2000. Metabolizable energy of roughages in Taiwan. Small Rumin Res, 36: 251-259.
  • Menke KH, Raab LL, Salewski A, Steingass H, Schneider W. 1979. The estimation of digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feeding stuffs from the gas production when they are incubated with rumen liqueur in vitro. J Agri Sci, 93: 217-222.
  • Menke KH, Steingass H. 1988. Estimation of energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using Rumen fluid. Anim Res Dev, 28: 7-55.
  • Minson DJ, 1990. Forage in ruminat nutrition. Academic Pres, San Diego, CA, pp. 482.
  • Orskov ER, Mcdonald. 1979. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurement weighed according to rate of passage. J Agric Sci, 92: 499-503.
  • Statistica. 1993. Statistica for Windows (Release 4.3), Sat Soft, Inc. Tulsa. OK.
  • Van Soest PJ. 1963. Use of detergents in the analysis of fibrous feeds. II. Rapid method for the determination and lignin. J Assoc Anal Chem, 46: 830-835.
  • Van Soest PJ, Wine RH. 1967. Use of Detergents in the Analysis of Fibrous Feeds. IV. Determination of Plant Cell-Wall Constituents. J Assoc Anal Chem, 50: 50-55.
  • Zinash S, Owen E, Dhanoa MS, Thedorou MK. 1996. Prediction of in situ ramen dry matter disappearance of Ethiopian forages from an in vitro gas production technique using a pressure transducer, chemical analyses or in vitro digestibility. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 61: 73–87.

Determination of Digestive Degree and Metabolic Energy Values of Some Leguminous Feed Crop Harvest in Different Periods by In Vitro Gas Technique

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 15 - 19, 01.01.2018

Öz

In
this study the nutritive values of hays from Trifolium repens, Trifolium prantense, Mellilotus officinalis, Vicia
sativa
harvested at vegetative, flowering, seeding stages were evaluated by
chemical composition and in vitro gas production techniques. In vitro gas
production were determined at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h incubation times
and their kinetics were described using the equation y = a + b (1-e-ct). In
this study maturity had a significant effect on the chemical composition.
Neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and oil contents
increased with increasing maturity whereas crude protein (CP) and ash contents
decreased. The decrease in CP with increasing maturity ranged from %16.65 to
23.27. On the other hand the increase in NDF and ADF with increasing maturity
ranged from %10.26 to 59.63 and %16.28 to 44.23. Maturity stage had also a
significant (P<0.001) effect on in vitro gas production and estimated
parameters. Potential gas production, in vitro dry matter digestibility and
metabolizable energy (ME) contents decreased as maturity advanced. All
estimated gas parameter except fermentation rate were negatively correlated
with NDF and ADF contents. On the other hand ME and OMSD were positively
correlated with CP. Therefore, Trifolium
repens, Trifolium prantense, Mellilotus officinalis, Vicia sativa
can be
harvested at vegetative stage to obtain forage with higher metabolizable energy
content and digestibility.

Kaynakça

  • AOAC. 1990. Official Method of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists pp.66-88. 15th.edition. Washington, DC. USA.
  • Buxton DR, Homstein JS, Wedin WF, Marten0GC. 1985. Forage quality in stratified canopies of alfalfa, birdsfood trefoil, and red clover. Crop Sci, 25: 429-435.
  • Kamalak A, O Canbolat, Gurbuz Y, Erol A, Ozay O. 2005a. Effect of maturity stage on chemical composition, in vitro and in situ dry matter degradation of tumbleweed hay (Gundelia tournefortii L.). Small Rumin Res, 58: 149-156.
  • Kamalak A, Canbolat O, Gurbuz Y, Erol A, Ozay O, Kizilsimsek M. 2005b. Determination of nutritive value of wild mustard, sinapsis arvensis harvested at different maturity stages using in situ and in vitro measurements. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci, 18(9): 1249-1254.
  • Lee MJ, Hwang SY, Chiou PWS. 2000. Metabolizable energy of roughages in Taiwan. Small Rumin Res, 36: 251-259.
  • Menke KH, Raab LL, Salewski A, Steingass H, Schneider W. 1979. The estimation of digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feeding stuffs from the gas production when they are incubated with rumen liqueur in vitro. J Agri Sci, 93: 217-222.
  • Menke KH, Steingass H. 1988. Estimation of energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using Rumen fluid. Anim Res Dev, 28: 7-55.
  • Minson DJ, 1990. Forage in ruminat nutrition. Academic Pres, San Diego, CA, pp. 482.
  • Orskov ER, Mcdonald. 1979. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurement weighed according to rate of passage. J Agric Sci, 92: 499-503.
  • Statistica. 1993. Statistica for Windows (Release 4.3), Sat Soft, Inc. Tulsa. OK.
  • Van Soest PJ. 1963. Use of detergents in the analysis of fibrous feeds. II. Rapid method for the determination and lignin. J Assoc Anal Chem, 46: 830-835.
  • Van Soest PJ, Wine RH. 1967. Use of Detergents in the Analysis of Fibrous Feeds. IV. Determination of Plant Cell-Wall Constituents. J Assoc Anal Chem, 50: 50-55.
  • Zinash S, Owen E, Dhanoa MS, Thedorou MK. 1996. Prediction of in situ ramen dry matter disappearance of Ethiopian forages from an in vitro gas production technique using a pressure transducer, chemical analyses or in vitro digestibility. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 61: 73–87.
Toplam 13 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Çağrı Özgür Özkan

Adem Kamalak

Mustafa Şahin

Önder Canbolat

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Kasım 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Özkan, Ç. Ö., Kamalak, A., Şahin, M., Canbolat, Ö. (2018). FARKLI DÖNEMLERİNDE HASAT EDİLEN BAZI BAKLAGİL YEM BİTKİLERİNİN SİNDİRİM DERECESİNİN VE METABOLİK ENERJİ DEĞERLERİNİN İN-VİTRO GAZ TEKNİĞİ İLE BELİRLENMESİ. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 1(1), 15-19.

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