A Study on the Determination of Mechanic Harvest Properties of Some Sweet Cherry Varieties

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 137 - 142, 01.04.2022

Ersen Okur Selçuk Arın

https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1066907

Öz

Cherry is a hand-harvested fruit due to various difficulties and constraints. This condition results in the use of labor at a high rate. Turkey's annual cherry production is at the level of 724 thousand tons. Various tools or machines that have been developed for cherry harvest have the potential to contribute greatly to the production in this area. The share of the labor required for harvesting in cherry production in the total labor requirement is around 70%. In this research, it was aimed to collect the necessary data to mechanize the cherry harvest by determining the physico-mechanical properties of cherry fruit. As a result of the present study, several physical, biological, and mechanical properties of four sweet cherry variety (0900 Ziraat, Starks Gold, Merton Late, Lambert) were determined and compared in terms of fruit mass, net fruit weight, tensile force, weight, thickness, length, width, sphericity, surface area, volume of fruit, and also weight, width, length, sphericity of seed, tensile force of stalk, stalk length, and weight. Tensile force of fruit, tensile force of stalk and weight of the fruit of 0900 Ziraat variety were found 2.579 N, 7.041 N, 9.592 g, respectively. After the evaluation of the obtained data, it was determined that all four cherry varieties examined were suitable for mechanical harvesting. However, the most suitable variety for mechanical harvesting was found as ‘0900 Ziraat’.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sweet cherry, Fruit harvesting, Mechanization, Tensile force

Kaynakça

• Alnıak Sezer S, Çetin M. 2021. Determination of some physical and mechanical properties of plum fruit in different harvest periods. Anadolu J Agr Sci, 36: 73-79.
• Altıkat S, Temiz Ş. 2019. Physico-mechanical and some chemical properties of apricot varieties in Iğdır province. YYU J Agr Sci, 29 (3): 373-381.
• Anonymous. 2020. Kiraz değerlendirme raporu, 2020. URL: https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/BUGEM/Belgeler/MİLLİ%20TARIM/Ürün%20Masaları%20Ürün%20Değerlendirme%20Raporları%20yayımlandı/Kiraz%20Değerlendirme%20Raporu.pdf (access date: April 10, 2021). Anonymous. 2021. List of Exporters for the Selected Product in 2019. Trade Map. URL: https://www.trademap.org/Country_SelProduct.aspx?nvpm=1%7c%7c%7c%7c%7c080929%7c%7c%7c6%7c1%7c1%7c2%7c1%7c1%7c2%7c1%7c1%7c1 (access date: April 10, 2021).
• Anonymous. 2022. Dünya kiraz üretim değerleri. URL: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/?#data/QC (access date: January 30, 2022).
• Başkaya Z. 2011. The geographical foundations of cherry farming in Turkey. Doğu Coğrafya Derg, 16(26): 45-71.
• Çakaryıldırım N. 2003. Kiraz. TEAE Bakış, 3(12): 1-4.
• Çalışır S, Aydın C. 2004. Some physico-mechanic properties of cherry laurel (Prunus lauracerasus L.) fruits. J Food Eng, 65(1): 145-150.
• Delice A, Ekinci N, Özdüven FF, Gür E. 2012. Determinations of factors that effect on quality properties of 0900 Ziraat cherry variety in Lapseki. J Tekirdag Agri Fac, 9(3): 27-34.
• Erdoğan D. 1988. Bahçe bitkileri tarımında insan işgücü ihtiyaçlarının hasat mekanizasyonu açısından değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Üniv Ziraat Fak Yıllığı, 38, Ankara, Turkey, pp:
• Eroğul D, Özmen B. 2020. Determination of storage and shelf life of sweet cherry varieties produced in early region. Ege Üniv Ziraat Fak Derg, 57(3): 359-366.
• Erogul D. 2018. An overview of sweet cherry fruit cultivation in Turkey. Trends in Horticul, 1: 1-4.
• Genç S, Soysal Mİ. 2018. Parametric and nonparametric post hoc tests. BSJ Eng Sci, 1(1): 18-27.
• Gezer İ. 2001. Türkiye’de mekanik meyve hasadının durumu. Tarımsal Mekanizasyon 20. Ulusal Kongresi, September 13-15, 2001, Şanlıurfa, Türkey, pp: 251-256.
• Göksel Z, Aksoy U. 2014. Physico-chemical characteristics of some table sweet cherry varieties. Turkish J Agric Natural Sci, Special Issue 2: 1856-1862.
• İkinci A, Bolat İ. 2015. Investigation of the performance of some sweet cherry varieties grown in the GAP region. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bil Derg, 19(2): 54-65.
• Kocabıyık H, Kavdır İ, Özpınar S. 2009. Technical and economical analysis of some fruits hand harvested in Çanakkale, and determination of some propeties of fruits related with mechanical harvest. J Tekirdag Agri Fac, 6(1): 45-53.
• Krumov S, Christov N. 2018. Mechanical properties of the fruits of some perspective sweet cherry cultivars. Scientific Papers, Series B, Horticul, 62: 21-24.
• Mohsenin NM. 1986. Physical properties of plant and animal materials: Structure, physical characteristics and mechanical properties. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Inc., New York, US, pp: 891.
• Moser E. 1989. Bağ bahçe sebze ve endüstri kültürlerinde mekanizasyon uygulamaları (Çeviri: Tuncer İK, Özgüven F). Türkiye Zirai Donatım Kurumu (T.Z.D.K.) Mesleki Yayınları, Yayın No: 52, Ankara, Türkey, pp: 98.
• Özgüven F, Vursavuş K, Özgüven AI. 2001. Determination of some parameters related to mechanical harvesting of sour cherry and similar fruits under the laboratory conditions. Fruit, nut, and vegetable production engineering. Proceeding of the 6th International Symposium, September 11-14, 2001, Posdam, Germany, pp: 111-115.
• Pérez-Sánchez R, Gómez-Sánchez MA, Morales-Corts MR. 2010. Description and quality evaluation of sweet cherries cultured in Spain. J Food Qual, 33(4): 490-506.
• Peterson DL, Wolford SD. 2001. Mechanical harvester for fresh market quality stemless sweet cherries. Transactions of the ASAE 2001, 44(3): 481-485.
• Pırlak L, Güleryüz M. 2000. Meyve türlerinin mekanik yolla hasatı. Tarımsal Mekanizasyon 19. Ulusal Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, Haziran 1-2, 2000, Erzurum, Türkey, pp: 253-258.
• Polat M, Mertoğlu K, Eskimez İ. 2020. Elmada bazı özelliklerin birlikte ele alınabilme potansiyelleri: Pinova örneği. Ziraat Müh, 370: 115-125.
• Sarısu HC, Demirtaş İ, Aksu M, Altındal M. 2019. Some physical and chemical properties of new sweet cherry davraz. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bil Derg, 23(4): 391-399.
• Statistica. 1999. Statistica for the windows operating system, Stat Soft, Inc., Tulsa, OK, US.
• Taşova M, Güzel M. 2017. Determination physico-mechanic properties and color values of İstanbul variety cherry (Prunus cerasus L.). Gaziosmanpasa J Sci Res, 6(Special Issue): 73-80.
• Vursavuş K, Kelebek H, Selli S. 2006. A study on some chemical and physico-mechanic properties of three sweet cherry varieties (Prunus avium L.) in Turkey. J Food Eng, 74: 568-575.
• Yılmaz D, Gökduman ME. 2020. Effects of different harvesting times on physico-mechanical properties of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.). Erwerbs-Obstbau, 62: 335-340.