Farklı Özellikleri ve Özel Yönleri ile Bir Bitki Hormonları Grubu: Strigolaktonlar

Öz

Çok hücreli bir bitkinin yapısal değişimi ve fonksiyonu, organizmayı oluşturan hücreler arasındaki ilişkiye bağlıdır. Yüksek bitkilerde morfogenez, büyüme, metabolizmanın koordinasyonu ve düzenlenmesi, bitkinin bir kısmından diğer kısmına taşınan sinyal molekülleri ile sağlanmaktadır. Bitkiler, çeşitli sinyal molekülleri tarafından büyük ölçüde düzenlenen fizyolojik ve gelişimsel değişiklikler yoluyla çevresel tepkilere yanıt verir. Bu moleküller bitki büyüme düzenleyicileridir. Bitki büyüme düzenleyicileri, organizmalarda doğal olarak sentezlenen, büyüme ile buna bağlı diğer fizyolojik faaliyetleri kontrol eden ve sentezlendiği yerden diğer kısımlara taşınıp, etkinliğini orada ve çok düşük konsantrasyonlarda gösteren organik maddelerdir. Yapılan çalışmalarla bitkilerde belirli işlevleri gerçekleştiren ve birbirleri ile etkileşim halinde olan birçok bitki büyüme düzenleyicileri belirlenmiştir. Strigolaktonlar da bitki yapısının kontrolünde önemli sinyaller olarak ortaya çıkan bitki büyüme düzenleyicilerinin yeni bir sınıfıdır. Strigolaktonlar, Orobanchaceae familyası türlerinde, tohum çimlenmesini uyarabilme yeteneğine sahipken, diğer birçok familyada da nodülasyonu arttırdığı düşünülmektedir. Nitekim, strigolaktonların moleküler yapısı, strigolaktonların görevleri, strigolaktonların bitki tarafından üretilmesi ve strigolaktonların diğer hormonlarla etkileşimleri konuları bu hormon grubunun daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bitki büyüme düzenleyicileri
• Tohum çimlenmesi
• Fungus-bitki ilişkisi
• Hormon yapısı

A Class of Plant hormones with Different Properties and Special Aspects: Strigolactones

Öz

The structural change and function of a multicellular plant depend on the relationship between the cells of the organism. At the present, it is known that in high plants, the coordination and regulation of morphogenesis, growth and metabolism are provided by signals transmitted from one part of the plant to another. These signalling molecules are called hormones. Hormones are natural substances that are produced within an organism and play a significant role in regulating growth and other related physiological activities. They are transported to various parts of the organism from where they are synthesized, exerting their effects even at very low concentrations. Through various studies, researchers have identified specific hormones in plants that carry out specific functions and interact with each other. Strigolactone is also a new class of plant hormones that emerges as important signals in the control of plant structure. Strigolactones have the ability to stimulate seed germination in the Orobanchaceae family species, while it is thought to increase nodulation in many other families. Indeed, delving into topics such as the molecular structure of strigolactones, their functions, their biosynthesis within plants, and their interactions with other hormones will greatly contribute to a better comprehension of this group of hormones.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Plant growth regulators
• Seed germination
• Fungus-plant relationship
• Hormone structure

Kaynakça

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