Effect of Streptomyces sp VYN22 Strain on Dye Removal in Textile Wastewater

Öz

Dyes and dyestuffs used in the textile industry cause environmental pollution by showing toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic effects when they are released into water without any treatment. Environmentally friendly methods based on bioremediation for the disposal of azo dyes, which are especially in the pigment dyes group and resistant to microbial degradation, from textile wastewater are of interest. Actinobacteria are bacteria involved in bioremediation and biodegradation processes in nature and play a key role in the cycling of organic matter and carbon. In this study, it was aimed to identify an Actinobacterium isolate from soil by 16S rRNA sequence analysis and to eliminate azo dyes from textile wastes by dye removal using the bacterium identified as Streptomyces sp VYN22. According to 16S rRNA sequence analysis, this isolate was 99.71% closely related to Streptomyces bobili type strain. Using Colorsol Orange Deep textile dye at different pHs, the dyestuff removal of live, dry and lyophilized forms of Streptomyces sp VYN22 at 0-10 hours was investigated by spectrophotometric measurements. At the end of the study, it was observed that these bacteria gave high results in dyestuff removal at pH 4, 6 and 10.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Actinobacteria
• Azo dye
• Biodegradation

Streptomyces sp. VYN22 Suşunun Tekstil Atık Sularında Boyar Madde Giderimine Etkisi

Öz

Tekstil endüstrisinde kullanılan boyalar ve boyar maddeler herhangi bir işlem görmeden sulara bırakıldıklarında toksik, kanserojen ve mutajenik etki göstererek çevre kirliliğine neden olmaktadır. Özellikle pigment boyar maddeler grubunda yer alan ve mikrobiyal bozunmaya karşı dirençli olan azo boyaların, tekstil kaynaklı atık sulardan bertarafı için biyoremediasyona dayalı çevre dostu yöntemler ilgi çekmektedir. Aktinobakteriler, doğada biyoremediasyon ve biyodegredasyon süreçlerine dahil olan ve organik madde ile karbon döngüsünde kilit rol oynayan bakterilerdir. Bu çalışmada, topraktan izole edilen Aktinobakteri izolatının 16S rRNA dizi analizleri ile tanımlanması ve Streptomyces sp. VYN22 olarak belirlenen bakterinin kullanılarak tekstil atıklarından azo boyaların boyar madde giderimi ile ortadan kaldırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu izolatın 16S rRNA dizi analizlerine göre Streptomyces bobili tip türü ile %99,71 yakın akraba olduğu belirlenmiştir. Farklı pH’larda Colorsol Orange Deep tekstil boyası kullanılarak, Streptomyces sp. VYN22’ nin canlı, kuru ve liyofilize formlarının 0-10 saatlerdeki boyar madde giderimleri spektrofotometrik ölçümlerle incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda bu bakterilerin pH 4, 6 ve 10’da boyar madde gideriminde yüksek sonuçlar verdiği gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aktinobakteri
• Azo boya
• Biyodegredasyon

Kaynakça

1. Bagewadi ZK, Vernekar AG, Patil AY, Limaye AA, Jain VM. 2011. Biodegradation of industrially important textile dyes by actinomycetes isolated from activated sludge. Biotechnol Bioinf Bioeng, 1(3): 351-360.
2. Bhatti AA, Haq S, Bhat RA. 2017. Actinomycetes benefaction role in soil and plant health, Microb Pathog, 11: 458-467.
3. Ceretta MB, Nercessian D, Wolski EA. 2021. Current Trends on Role of Biological Treatment in Integrated Treatment Technologies of Textile Wastewater. Front Microbiol, 12: 1-7.
4. Chang JS, Kuo TS. 2000. Kinetics of bacterial decolorization of azo dye with Escherichia coli NO3. Bioresour Technol, 75: 107-111.
5. Chauba P, Indurkar H, Moghe S. 2010. Biodegradation and decolorisation of Direct Violet 51 and Tatrazine dye from isolated fungus (TYPE I). Asiatic J Biotech Res, 03: 220-226.
6. Çil E, Işık K, Koçak FÖ. 2016. Bazı toprak aktinomisetlerinin antimikrobiyal aktivite ve antibiyotik duyarlılıkların incelenmesi. Ordu Üniv Bil Tek Derg, 6(2): 75-84.
7. Forgacs E, Cserhati T, Oros G. 2004. Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewaters: a review. Environ Int, 30(7): 953-971.
8. Gao B, Gupta RS. 2005. Conserved indels in protein sequences that are characteristic of the phylum Actinobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 55: 2401-2412.

9. Hlihor RM, Diaconu M, Leon F, Curteanu S. 2015. Experimental analysis and mathematical prediction of Cd (II) removal by biosorption using support vector machines and genetic algorithms. New Biotech, 32(3): 358-368.
10. Janardhan A, Kumar AP, Viswanath B, Saigopal DVR, Narasimha G. 2014. Production of bioactive compounds by Actinomycetes and their antioxidant properties. Biotechnol Res Int, 2014: 1-9.
11. Jukes TH, Cantor CR, 1969. Evolution of protein molecules. Mammalian Protein Metabol, 3: 21-132.
12. Kargi F, Ozmıhçı S. 2004. Batch biological treatment of nitrogen deficient synthetic wastewater using Azotobacter supplemented activated sludge. Bioresour Technol, 94(2): 113-117.
13. Khehra MS, Saini HS, Sharma DK, Chadha BS, Chimni SS.2006. Biodegradation of azo dye C.I. Acid Red 88 by an anoxic–aerobic sequential bioreactor. Dyes Pigments, 70: 1-7.
14. Kim M, Chun J. 2014. 16S rRNA gene-based identification of bacteria and archaea using the EzTaxon server. Methods Microbiol, 41: 61-74.
15. Kocaer FO, Alkan U. 2002. Boyar madde içeren tekstil atık sularının arıtım alternatifleri. Uludağ Üniv Müh Mim Fak Derg, 7: 47-55.
16. Koçak G, Evliya H. 2011. Bacillus subtilis ile reaktif black 5 boyar maddesinin renk giderim kinetiğinin araştırılması. Çukurova Üniv Fen Müh Bil Derg, 26(1): 6-15.
17. Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K. 2018. MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. J Mol Biol, 35(6): 1547.
18. Kurbanova R, Mirzaoğlu R, Ahmedova G, Şeker R, Özcan E. 1998. Boya ve tekstil kimyası ve teknolojisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayınları, Konya, Türkiye, pp: 117-122.
19. Mahajan GB, Balachandran L. 2017. Sources of antibiotics: Hot springs. Biochem Pharmacol, 134: 35-41.
20. Maximo C, Amorim MTP, Costa-Ferreira M. 2003. Biotransformation of industrial reactive azo dyes by Geotrichum sp. CCMI 1019. Enzyme Microb Tecnol, 32: 145-151.
21. McMullan G, Meehan C, Conneely A, Kirby N, Robinson T, Nigam P, Banat I, Marchant R, Smith W. 2001. Microbial decolourisation and degradation of textile dyes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 56: 81-87.
22. Okur M, Saraçoğlu N, Aksu Z. 2020. Removal of metal-complex dye with Candida tropicalis from aqueous solutions: Growth and inhibition kinetics. J Fac Eng Architect Gazi Univ, 35(3):1399-1408.
23. Özdemir Koçak F, Tanir SGE, Cetin AK, Degirmenci L. 2023. Simulatenous evaluation of composting experiments and metagenome analyses to illuminate the effect of Streptomyces spp. on organic matter degradation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol, 39(3): 70.
24. Özdemir Koçak F. 2019. Identification of Streptomyces strains isolated from Humulus lupulus rhizosphere and determination of plant growth promotion potential of selected strains. Turkish J Biol, 43(6): 391-403.
25. Radhika S, Bharathi I, Radhakrishnan M, Balagurunathan R, Pharm J. 2011. Bioprospecting of fresh water actinobacteria: Isolation, characterization and antagonistic potential of selected actinobacteria. J Pharm Res, 4(8): 2584-2586.
26. Rai HS, Bhattacharyya MS, Singh J, Bansal TK, Vats P, Banerjee UC. 2005. Removal of dyes from the effluent of textile and dyestuff manufacturing ındustry: A review of emerging techniques with reference to biological treatment. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol, 35: 219-238.
27. Reiger PG, Meir HM, Gerle M, Vogt U, Groth T, Knackmuss HJ. 2002. Xenobiotics in the environment: present and future strategies to obviate the problem of biological persistence. J Biotechnol, 94(1): 101-123.
28. Zhao X, Hardin IR. 2007. HPLC and spectrophotometric analysis of biodegradation of azo dyes by Pleurotus ostreatus. Dyes Pigments, 72(3): 322-325.