أثرُ الثقافةِ في تعليم اللَّغةِ لغير الناطقين بها

Öz

لم يعد تَعَلَّمُ اللغة مقتصرًا على معرفة مفرداتها وتراكيبها؛ بل شملَ ذلك الجوانب التي تقف خلف الأداء اللغوي، وعلى رأسها الموقف التّواصلي والسّياق الاجتماعيّ والثّقافيّ الذي تُعلَّم فيه اللّغة؛ إذ تَوسَّعَ مفهوم الكفاية الاتِّصاليِّة الذي وضعَته المداخل الاتّصالية هدفًا لها ليشملَ بعدًا آخر، ألا وهو الكفاية الثقافية، الهدف الرئيسي من هذه المقالة هو التركيز على العلاقة الوطيدة بين الثقافة وتعليم لغة أجنبية ثانية وتطبيق الاستراتيجيات التعليمية لغرض تعليم الطلاب لغة أجنبية ثانية من خلال فهم العلاقة بين الثقافة واللغة لتعزيز الفهم اللغوي للطلاب. اللغة ليست إنتاجا ثقافيًا فحسب بل تعتبر رمزًا للثقافة (جليسون ، 1961). يجب أن تكون الثقافة مندمجة اِندماجًا تامًا مع طريقة تعليم اللغة الأجنبية وتصبح جزءًا لايتجزء من مناهج تعليم اللغة وبذلك سينجح الطالب في الوصول إلى هدفه في اتقان لغة أجنبية ثانية.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• اللغة,الثقافة,التأثير,مناهج,التعليم,، لغة أجنبية

CULTURE EFFECTS IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Öz

Learning language  is not only limited to learning its vocabularies and structures, but it is also based on the different forms of practicing the language, especially the communicative situation as well as the cultural and social context in which the language is taught; cultural competence being an expansive dimension of communicative competence. The purpose of this article is to discuss the inseparability of culture and language and to propose ways of implementing instructional strategies for teaching second language through culture to enhance students' linguistic comprehension. People who live in different areas of the world have different cultural backgrounds and use different languages. Language and culture appear on the surface to be two distinct fields, but they have an intertwined relationship and affect each other mutually. Gleason (1961) indicated that languages are not only the products of cultures, but also are the symbols of cultures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• language,culture,affect,teatching methods,foreign language

KÜLTÜRÜN YABANCI DİL ÖĞRENİMİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

Öz

Yabancı dil öğreniminde, öğrenilen dildeki sözcük ve kalıpları bilmenin yeterli olmadığı, toplum yapısı ve iletişimi gibi dile destek veren bütün faktörlerin de bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle dilbilimciler, farklı diller kullanan toplumlarla kültürlerini bilmeden iletişim kurmanın oldukça zor olduğunu belirtmişlerdir.

Bu araştırma ile yabancı dil eğitmenine, kültürün dille olan ilişkisi üzerine bazı yöntemlerin değerlendirilerek, tespit edilen en uygun yöntemlerin dil öğretiminde uygulatılması amaçlanmıştır. Dil kültürel bir ilimdir, aynı zamanda kültürün simgesi sayılmaktadır (Gleason, 1961). Yabancı dil öğreniminde, öğrencinin ana hedefe ulaşabilmesi için yabancı dil ile o dilin ait olduğu kültürü, öğretim yöntemlerinde beraberce ele alması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dil,Kültür,Etki,Öğretim yöntemleri,Yabancı dil

Kaynakça

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