Anne ve Bebek Sağlığında İntestinal Mikrobiyota ve Probiyotikler

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: BESLENME ÖZEL SAYISI, 14 - 25, 30.12.2021

Nihal Tunçer , Hande Öngün Yılmaz

Öz

İntestinal mikrobiyota üzerine yapılan çalışmalar son yıllarda giderek artmaktadır. İntestinal mikrobiyota özellikle erken neonatal yaşamda metabolik ve immün fonksiyonları etkileyen bir dizi fizyolojik etkiye sahiptir. Literatürde yeni doğan mikrobiyotasının anne karnında oluşmaya başladığını gösteren çalışmalar olsa da; kanıtlar daha çok, doğum sırasında anneden bebeğe geçen mikroorganizmalar ve bebeğin beslenme şekli ile bebek mikrobiyotasının şekillendiği yönündedir. Perinatal ve erken postnatal dönemde probiyotik takviye kullanılarak bebek intestinal mikrobiyota kompozisyonunun yeniden şekillenmesi hastalık riskini azaltmak için olası bir diyet stratejisi olarak önerilebilir. Gebelik sırasında kullanılacak probiyotik takviyenin; preterm doğum riskini azaltabileceği, immünolojik yanıtı iyileştirebileceği, gestasyonel diyabet riskini azaltabileceği ve yeni doğanın sağlığı üzerinde olumlu etkileri olabileceğini gösteren pek çok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede bebek mikrobiyotasının oluşumunu etkileyen faktörler ile gebelik sırasında probiyotik takviye kullanımının anne ve bebek sağlığı üzerine etkileri konusunda güncel literatür taranmış ve yorumlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mikrobiyota, bebek, gebelik, probiyotikler

Kaynakça

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