EĞİTİM VE EKONOMİK KARMAŞIKLIK: MINT ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 1 - 7

Ebru Topcu

https://doi.org/10.69851/car.1595745

Öz

Beşeri sermayenin temel belirleyicilerinden biri olan eğitim, emek gücünün bilgi yoğun sektörlerde istihdam edilebilmesi ve ekonomik faaliyetleri çeşitlendirebilmesi için gerekli becerilerle donatılmasında kritik bir role sahiptir. Bu nedenle eğitim ve ekonomik karmaşıklık ilişkisi, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde sürdürülebilir büyümenin ve yapısal dönüşümün sağlanması adına çok önemlidir. Bu doğrultuda çalışma, kendine has ekonomik potansiyeli ve demografik dinamikleri olan MINT ülkelerine odaklanarak 2003-2022 döneminde eğitim ve ekonomik karmaşıklık arasında ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bulgular eğitimin ekonomik karmaşıklığı artırdığını göstermektedir. Bu bulgu, MINT ülkelerinde okullaşma oranını artırmaya yönelik yatırımların bu ülkelerde katma değeri yüksek ürünler üretme ve bunları ihraç etme kapasitesini arttıracağına işaret etmektedir. Eğitim, bireylerin beceri gelişimini desteklemenin ötesinde, ülkelerin ekonomik yapısının çeşitlenmesine ve uluslararası ticaret kapasitelerinin artırılmasına yönelik stratejik bir araçtır. Bu bağlamda, politika yapıcılar, eğitimin iş gücü piyasasında daha nitelikli ve uzmanlaşmış iş gücü yaratma potansiyelini göz önünde bulundurarak, sanayileşme ve inovasyon süreçlerini hızlandıracak yatırımları önceliklendirmelidir. Eğitim politikaları, sadece niceliksel olarak okullaşma oranlarını artırmakla kalmamalı, aynı zamanda niteliksel gelişimi hedefleyen müfredat reformları ve teknik beceri programlarıyla desteklenmelidir. Bu tür politikalar, ülkelerin küresel rekabet gücünü artıracak, yüksek katma değerli sektörlere geçişi hızlandıracak ve uzun vadeli ekonomik sürdürülebilirliği sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eğitim, Ekonomik Karmaşıklık, MINT Ülkeleri

EDUCATION AND ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY: EVIDENCE FROM MINT COUNTRIES

Öz

Education, as a cornerstone of human capital development, plays a crucial role in equipping populations with the skills necessary to engage in knowledge-intensive industries and diversify economic activities. Therefore, the relationship between education and economic complexity is a critical area of study, particularly for developing countries seeking to achieve sustainable growth and structural transformation. Given this significance, this study examines the relationship between education and economic complexity over the period 2003-2022 in the MINT countries, which are characterized by significant economic potential and unique demographic dynamics. Empirical findings indicate that education increases economic complexity. This finding addresses that investments towards increasing schooling rate in MINT countries will increase the capacity to produce and export high value-added products in these countries. Education is not only a tool for supporting individual skill development but also a strategic instrument for diversifying the economic structure of countries and enhancing their international trade capacities. In this context, policymakers should prioritize investments that accelerate industrialization and innovation processes, considering the potential of education to create a more skilled and specialized workforce in labor markets. Education policies should not only focus on quantitatively increasing enrollment rates but also be supported by curriculum reforms and technical skills programs aimed at qualitative development. Such policies will enhance countries' global competitiveness, accelerate the transition to high-value-added sectors, and ensure long-term economic sustainability.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Education, Economic Complexity, MINT Countries

Kaynakça

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