Araştırma Makalesi
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Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 25 - 39, 30.03.2022

Erkal Erzincan Bülent Coşkun Nermin Gündüz

https://doi.org/10.5455/car.105-1658142564

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Duyarsızlaşma duygusal tükenme kişisel başarı mobbing psikolojik dayanıklılık psikolojik yıldırma tükenmişlik

Kaynakça

  • 1- Rushton CH, Batcheller J, Schroeder K ve ark. Burnout and resilience among nurses practicing in high-intensity settings. Am J Crit Care 2015;24:412–420.
  • 2- Moss M, Good VS, Gozal D ve ark. An official critical care societies collaborative statement: burnout syndrome in critical care healthcare professionals: a call for action. Am. J. Crit Care 2016;25:368–376.
  • 3- Zou G, Shen X, Tian X ve ark. Correlates of psychological distress, burnout, and resilience among Chinese female nurses. Industrial Health 2016;54:389–395.
  • 4- Arrogante O, Aparicio-Zaldivar E. Burnout and health among critical care professionals: The mediational role of resilience. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2017;42:110-115.
  • 5- Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP. Job Burnout. Ann Rev Psychol 2001;52:397–422.
  • 6- Colville G, Dalia C, Brierley J ve ark. Burnout and traumatic stress in staff working in paediatric intensive care: associations with resilience and coping strategies. Intensive Care Med 2015;41:364–365.
  • 7- Schernhammer ES, Colditz GA. Suicide rates among physicians: a quantitative and gender assessment (meta-analysis). Am J Psychiatry 2004;161: 2295- 2302.
  • 8- Shanafelt TD, Balch CM, Bechamps GJ. Burnout and career satisfaction among American surgeons. Ann Surg 2009;250:463–71.
  • 9- Olkinuora M, Asp S, Juntunen J. Stress Symptoms, Burnout And Suicidal Thoughts In Finnish Physicians. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1990;25:81–86.
  • 10- Shanafelt T, Dyrbye L. Oncologist Burnout: Causes, Consequences, And Responses. J Clin Oncology 2012;30:1235–1241.
  • 11- Maslach C, Jackson SE. The Measurement Of Experienced Burnout. J Occup Behav 1981;2:99–113.
  • 12- Toker S, Melamed S, Berliner S ve ark. Burnout And Risk Of Coronary Heart Disease: A Prospective Study Of 8838 Employees. Psychosom Med 2012;74:840–847.
  • 13- Renzi C, Di Pietro C, Tabolli S. Psychiatric Morbidity And Emotional Exhaustion Among Hospital Physicians And Nurses: Association With Perceived Job-Related Factors. Arch Env Occup Health 2012;67:117–123.
  • 14- Leone SS, Huibers MJH, Knottnerus JA ve ark. The Temporal Relationship Between Burnout And Prolonged Fatigue: A 4-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Stress Health 2009;25:365–374.
  • 15- Ahola K, Honkonen T, Isometsä E ve ark. The Relationship Between Job-Related Burnout And Depressive Disorders--Results From The Finnish Health 2000 Study. J Affect Disord 2005;88:55–62. 16- Peterson U, Demerouti E, Bergström G ve ark. Burnout And Physical And Mental Health Among Swedish Healthcare Workers. J Adv Nurs 2008;62:84–95.
  • 17- Cimiotti JP, Aiken LH, Sloane DM ve ark. Nurse staffing, burnout, and health care-associated infection. Am J Infect Control 2012;40:486–490.
  • 18- Galletta M, Portoghese I, D’Aloja, E ve ark. Relationship between job burnout, psychosocial factors and health careassociated infections in critical care units. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2016;34:51–58.
  • 19- Poghosyan L, Clarke SP, Finlayson M ve ark. Nurse burnout and quality of care: cross-national investigation in six countries. Res Nurs Health 2010;33;288–298.
  • 20- Dikmetaş E, Top M, Ergin G. Asistan Hekimlerin Tükenmişlik Ve Mobbing Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2011;22:137–149.
  • 21- Kingma M. Workplace Violence In The Health Sector: A Problem Of Epidemic Proportion. Int Nursing Rev 2001;48:129–130.
  • 22- Salminen S. Violence In The Workplaces In Finland. J Safety Res1997; 28:123–131.
  • 23- Annagür B. Sağlık Çalışanlarına Yönelik Şiddet: Risk Faktörleri, Etkileri, Değerlendirilmesi Ve Önlenmesi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar 2010;2:161–173.
  • 24- Ayrancı Ü, Yenilmez Ç, Günay Y ve ark. Çeşitli Sağlık Kurumlarında Ve Sağlık Meslek Gruplarında Şiddete Uğrama Sıklığı. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2002;3:147–154.
  • 25- Winstanley S, Whittington R.Anxiety, Burnout And Coping Styles In General Hospital Staff Exposed To Workplace Aggression: A Cyclical Model Of Burnout And Vulnerability To Aggression. Work Stress 2002;16:302–315.
  • 26-Alameddine M, Kazzi A, El-Jardali F ve ark. Occupational Violence At Lebanese Emergency Departments: Prevalence, Characteristics And Associated Factors. J Occup Health 2011;53:455–464.
  • 27-Dursun S. İşyeri Şiddetinin Çalışanların Tükenmişlik Düzeyi Üzerine Etkisi: Sağlık Sektöründe Bir Uygulama. Çalışma İlişkileri Dergisi 2012;3:105–115.
  • 28-Roldán GM. Violence At Work And Its Relationship With Burnout, Depression And Anxiety In Healthcare Professionals Of The Emergency Services. Health 2013;05:193–199.
  • 29-Leymann H. Mobbing And Psychological Terror At Workplaces. Viol Vict 1990;5:119–126.
  • 30- Tınaz P. İşyerinde Psikolojik Taciz (Mobbing). 3. Basım, İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım, 2011.
  • 31-Naime G. Workplace Bullying: Escalated Incivility. Ivey Business Journal 2003;68:1–6.
  • 32- Mikkelsen EG, Einarsen S. Relationships Between Exposure To Bullying At Work And Psychological And Psychosomatic Health Complaints: The Role Of State Negative Affectivity And Generalized Self-Efficacy. Scandinavian Journal Of Psychology 2002;43:397–405.
  • 33- Romani M, Ashkar K. Burnout among physicians. Libyan J Med 2014;17:9:23556.
  • 34- Zwack J, Schweitzer J. If every fifth physician is affected by burnout, what about the other four? Resilience strategies of experienced physicians. Acad Med 2013;88:382 – 389.
  • 35- Masten AS. Resilience In Children Threatened By Extreme Adversity: Frameworks For Research, Practice And Translational Synergy. Dev Psychopathol 2011;23:493–506.
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  • 65- Shanafelt TD, Balch CM, Bechamps GJ ve ark. Burnout and medical errors among American surgeons. Ann Surg 2010;251:995–1000.
  • 66- Shanafelt TD, Balch CM, Dyrbye L ve ark. Suicidal ideation among American surgeons. Arch Surg 2011;146:54–62.
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  • 68- Dyrbye LN, Varkey P, Boone SL ve ark. Physician satisfaction and burnout at different career stages. Mayo Clin Proc 2013;88:1358–1367
  • 69- Prins JT, Van De Wiel HBM, Sprangers F ve ark. Burnout Among Dutch Medical Residents. International J Behav Med 2007;14:119–125.
  • 70- Taycan O, Kutlu L, Çimen S ve ark. Bir Üniversite Hastanesinde Çalışan Hemşirelerde Depresyon Ve Tükenmişlik Düzeyinin Sosyodemografik Özelliklerle İlişkisi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2006;7:100–108.
  • 71- Taycan O, Taycan SE, Çelik C. Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Yer Alan Bir İlde Devlet Hizmet Yükümlülüğü’nün Hekimler Üzerindeki Etkileri Ve Tükenmişlik. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2013;24:1-11.
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BIR ÜNIVERSITE HASTANESINDE ÇALIŞAN HEKIM, HEMŞIRE VE SAĞLIK MEMURLARININ PSIKOLOJIK DAYANIKLILIK, PSIKOLOJIK YILDIRMA, ŞIDDETE İLIŞKIN KAYGI DÜZEYLERI VE RUHSAL BELIRTI DÜZEYLERININ TÜKENMIŞLIK DÜZEYLERI ILE İLIŞKISI

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 25 - 39, 30.03.2022

Erkal Erzincan Bülent Coşkun Nermin Gündüz

https://doi.org/10.5455/car.105-1658142564

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı bir tıp fakültesi hastanesinde çalışan hekim, hemşire ve sağlık memurlarının tükenmişlik düzeylerini belirlemek ve bununla ilişkili olabilecek değişkenleri
araştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Çalışma 2013 yılında bir tıp fakültesi hastanesinde
çalışan hekim, hemşire ve sağlık memurlarından oluşan 242
kişi ile yürütülmüştür. Katılımcılar Sosyodemografik Form,
Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği (MTÖ), Genel Sağlık Anketi
(GSA)– 12, Kendini Toparlama Gücü Ölçeği (KTGÖ) ve
Olumsuz Davranışlar Anketi (ODA) kullanılarak değerlendirilmişlerdir. Elde edilen veriler t-testi, Mann Whitney U testi,
tek yönlü ANOVA testi, Kruskal Wallis testi ve Spearman korelasyon analizi kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde bir istatistiksel paket program kullanılmıştır. Sonuçların
yorumlanmasında p<0,05 anlamlılık düzeyi kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmamızda MTÖ; duygusal tükenme (DT),
duyarsızlaşma (D) ve kişisel başarı (KB) olmak üzere üç alt
boyutta değerlendirilmiştir. Uzman hekimlerin; araştırma görevlisi hekimler ve hemşire / sağlık memuru gruplarına göre
her üç tükenmişlik alt boyutunda da daha az tükenmişlik yaşamakta oldukları saptanmıştır. Çalışmamızda katılımcıların
tükenmişlik alt boyutları ile ruhsal belirti düzeyleri, psikolojik
dayanıklılık düzeyleri ve psikolojik yıldırma düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişkiler bulunduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Tükenmişliğin sağlık çalışanlarında sık görülmekte olduğu bilinmektedir. Tükenmişliğin önlenebilmesi ve tedavisi
için tükenmişlik ile ilişkili değişkenlerin tanımlanabilmesi gerekmektedir. Sonuç olarak çalışmamız bu ihtiyacı göz önünde
tutarak bu değişkenleri tanımlamayı amaçlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Duyarsızlaşma duygusal tükenme kişisel başarı mobbing psikolojik dayanıklılık psikolojik yıldırma tükenmişlik

Kaynakça

  • 1- Rushton CH, Batcheller J, Schroeder K ve ark. Burnout and resilience among nurses practicing in high-intensity settings. Am J Crit Care 2015;24:412–420.
  • 2- Moss M, Good VS, Gozal D ve ark. An official critical care societies collaborative statement: burnout syndrome in critical care healthcare professionals: a call for action. Am. J. Crit Care 2016;25:368–376.
  • 3- Zou G, Shen X, Tian X ve ark. Correlates of psychological distress, burnout, and resilience among Chinese female nurses. Industrial Health 2016;54:389–395.
  • 4- Arrogante O, Aparicio-Zaldivar E. Burnout and health among critical care professionals: The mediational role of resilience. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2017;42:110-115.
  • 5- Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP. Job Burnout. Ann Rev Psychol 2001;52:397–422.
  • 6- Colville G, Dalia C, Brierley J ve ark. Burnout and traumatic stress in staff working in paediatric intensive care: associations with resilience and coping strategies. Intensive Care Med 2015;41:364–365.
  • 7- Schernhammer ES, Colditz GA. Suicide rates among physicians: a quantitative and gender assessment (meta-analysis). Am J Psychiatry 2004;161: 2295- 2302.
  • 8- Shanafelt TD, Balch CM, Bechamps GJ. Burnout and career satisfaction among American surgeons. Ann Surg 2009;250:463–71.
  • 9- Olkinuora M, Asp S, Juntunen J. Stress Symptoms, Burnout And Suicidal Thoughts In Finnish Physicians. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1990;25:81–86.
  • 10- Shanafelt T, Dyrbye L. Oncologist Burnout: Causes, Consequences, And Responses. J Clin Oncology 2012;30:1235–1241.
  • 11- Maslach C, Jackson SE. The Measurement Of Experienced Burnout. J Occup Behav 1981;2:99–113.
  • 12- Toker S, Melamed S, Berliner S ve ark. Burnout And Risk Of Coronary Heart Disease: A Prospective Study Of 8838 Employees. Psychosom Med 2012;74:840–847.
  • 13- Renzi C, Di Pietro C, Tabolli S. Psychiatric Morbidity And Emotional Exhaustion Among Hospital Physicians And Nurses: Association With Perceived Job-Related Factors. Arch Env Occup Health 2012;67:117–123.
  • 14- Leone SS, Huibers MJH, Knottnerus JA ve ark. The Temporal Relationship Between Burnout And Prolonged Fatigue: A 4-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Stress Health 2009;25:365–374.
  • 15- Ahola K, Honkonen T, Isometsä E ve ark. The Relationship Between Job-Related Burnout And Depressive Disorders--Results From The Finnish Health 2000 Study. J Affect Disord 2005;88:55–62. 16- Peterson U, Demerouti E, Bergström G ve ark. Burnout And Physical And Mental Health Among Swedish Healthcare Workers. J Adv Nurs 2008;62:84–95.
  • 17- Cimiotti JP, Aiken LH, Sloane DM ve ark. Nurse staffing, burnout, and health care-associated infection. Am J Infect Control 2012;40:486–490.
  • 18- Galletta M, Portoghese I, D’Aloja, E ve ark. Relationship between job burnout, psychosocial factors and health careassociated infections in critical care units. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2016;34:51–58.
  • 19- Poghosyan L, Clarke SP, Finlayson M ve ark. Nurse burnout and quality of care: cross-national investigation in six countries. Res Nurs Health 2010;33;288–298.
  • 20- Dikmetaş E, Top M, Ergin G. Asistan Hekimlerin Tükenmişlik Ve Mobbing Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2011;22:137–149.
  • 21- Kingma M. Workplace Violence In The Health Sector: A Problem Of Epidemic Proportion. Int Nursing Rev 2001;48:129–130.
  • 22- Salminen S. Violence In The Workplaces In Finland. J Safety Res1997; 28:123–131.
  • 23- Annagür B. Sağlık Çalışanlarına Yönelik Şiddet: Risk Faktörleri, Etkileri, Değerlendirilmesi Ve Önlenmesi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar 2010;2:161–173.
  • 24- Ayrancı Ü, Yenilmez Ç, Günay Y ve ark. Çeşitli Sağlık Kurumlarında Ve Sağlık Meslek Gruplarında Şiddete Uğrama Sıklığı. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2002;3:147–154.
  • 25- Winstanley S, Whittington R.Anxiety, Burnout And Coping Styles In General Hospital Staff Exposed To Workplace Aggression: A Cyclical Model Of Burnout And Vulnerability To Aggression. Work Stress 2002;16:302–315.
  • 26-Alameddine M, Kazzi A, El-Jardali F ve ark. Occupational Violence At Lebanese Emergency Departments: Prevalence, Characteristics And Associated Factors. J Occup Health 2011;53:455–464.
  • 27-Dursun S. İşyeri Şiddetinin Çalışanların Tükenmişlik Düzeyi Üzerine Etkisi: Sağlık Sektöründe Bir Uygulama. Çalışma İlişkileri Dergisi 2012;3:105–115.
  • 28-Roldán GM. Violence At Work And Its Relationship With Burnout, Depression And Anxiety In Healthcare Professionals Of The Emergency Services. Health 2013;05:193–199.
  • 29-Leymann H. Mobbing And Psychological Terror At Workplaces. Viol Vict 1990;5:119–126.
  • 30- Tınaz P. İşyerinde Psikolojik Taciz (Mobbing). 3. Basım, İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım, 2011.
  • 31-Naime G. Workplace Bullying: Escalated Incivility. Ivey Business Journal 2003;68:1–6.
  • 32- Mikkelsen EG, Einarsen S. Relationships Between Exposure To Bullying At Work And Psychological And Psychosomatic Health Complaints: The Role Of State Negative Affectivity And Generalized Self-Efficacy. Scandinavian Journal Of Psychology 2002;43:397–405.
  • 33- Romani M, Ashkar K. Burnout among physicians. Libyan J Med 2014;17:9:23556.
  • 34- Zwack J, Schweitzer J. If every fifth physician is affected by burnout, what about the other four? Resilience strategies of experienced physicians. Acad Med 2013;88:382 – 389.
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  • 51- Wagnild G, Young HM. Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Resilience Scale. J Nurs Meas 1993;1:165–178.
  • 52-Terzi Ş. Kendini Toparlama Gücü Ölçeği’nin Uyarlanması: Geçerlilik Ve Güvenirlilik Çalışmaları. Türk Psikolojik Danışma Ve Rehberlik Dergisi 2006;3:77–86.
  • 53-Einarsen S, Hoel H, Notelaers G. Measuring Exposure To Bullying And Harassment At Work: Validity, Factor Structure And Psychometric Properties Of The Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised. Work Stress 2009;23:24–44.
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  • 55- Shanafelt TD, Boone S, Tan L ve ark. Burnout and satisfaction with work-life balance among US physicians relative to the general US population. Arch Intern Med 2012;172:1377–85.
  • 56- Shanafelt TD, Hasan O, Dyrbye LN ve ark. Changes in burnout and satisfaction with work-life balance in physicians and the general US working population between 2011 and 2014. Mayo Clin Proc 2015;90:1600–13.
  • 57- Iacovides A, Fountoulakis KN, Kaprinis S ve ark. The relationship between job stress, burnout and clinical depression [J]. J Affect Disord 2003;75:209 –2 21.
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  • 59- Tunç T, Kutanis RO. Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity, And Burnout In Nurses And Physicians At A University Hospital In Turkey. Nurs Health Sci 2009;11:410–416.
  • 60- Beyhan S, Güneş Y, Türktan M ve ark. Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesindeki Anestezi Hekimlerinde Tükenmişlik Sendromunun Araştırılması. Turk J Anaes 2013;41:7–13.
  • 61- Özyurt A, Hayran O, Sur H. Predictors Of Burnout And Job Satisfaction Among Turkish Physicians. QJM 2006;99:161–169.
  • 62-Panagopoulou E, Montgomery A, Benos A. Burnout In Internal Medicine Physicians: Differences Between Residents And Specialists. EurJ Int Med 2006;17:195–200.
  • 63-Özkan Ş, Celik Y, Younis MZ. The Effects Of Individual And Organisational Characteristics On The Level Of Burnout Level: A Research On Physicians And Nurses In Turkey. Ageing Int 2012;37:254–269.
  • 64- Erol A, Sariçiçek A, Gülseren Ş. Asistan Hekimlerde Tükenmişlik: İş Doyumu Ve Depresyonla İlişkisi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2007;8:241–247.
  • 65- Shanafelt TD, Balch CM, Bechamps GJ ve ark. Burnout and medical errors among American surgeons. Ann Surg 2010;251:995–1000.
  • 66- Shanafelt TD, Balch CM, Dyrbye L ve ark. Suicidal ideation among American surgeons. Arch Surg 2011;146:54–62.
  • 67- Yavaşcaoğlu B, Aydın B, Karataş EG. Anestezi Asistanlarında Nöbetin Bilişsel İşlevler Ve Ruhsal Durum Üzerine Etkisi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2007;33:75–79.
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  • 69- Prins JT, Van De Wiel HBM, Sprangers F ve ark. Burnout Among Dutch Medical Residents. International J Behav Med 2007;14:119–125.
  • 70- Taycan O, Kutlu L, Çimen S ve ark. Bir Üniversite Hastanesinde Çalışan Hemşirelerde Depresyon Ve Tükenmişlik Düzeyinin Sosyodemografik Özelliklerle İlişkisi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2006;7:100–108.
  • 71- Taycan O, Taycan SE, Çelik C. Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Yer Alan Bir İlde Devlet Hizmet Yükümlülüğü’nün Hekimler Üzerindeki Etkileri Ve Tükenmişlik. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2013;24:1-11.
  • 72- McManus IC, Winder BC, Gordon D. The Causal Links Between Stress And Burnout In A Longitudinal Study Of Uk Doctors. Lancet 2002;359:2089–2090.
  • 73- Ramirez AJ, Graham J, Richards MA ve ark. Burnout And Psychiatric Disorder Among Cancer Clinicians. Br J Cancer 1995;71:1263–1269.
  • 74- Bargellini A, Barbieri A, Rovesti S ve ark. Relation between immune variables and burnout in a sample of physicians. Occup Environ Med 2000;57:453 – 457.
  • 75- Penson RT, Dignan FL, Canellos GP ve ark. Burnout: Caring For The Caregivers. Oncologist 2000;5:425–434.
  • 76- Deckard GJ, Hichs LL, Hamony BH. The Occurrence And Distribution Of Burnout Among Infectious Diseases Physicians. J Infect Dis 1992;165:224–228.
  • 77- Bakker AB, Schaufeli WB, Demerouti E ve ark. Using Equity Theory To Examine The Difference Between Burnout And Depression. Anxiety Stress Coping 2000;13:247–268.
  • 78- Nyklíček I, Pop VJ. Past And Familial Depression Predict Current Symptoms Of Professional Burnout. J Affect Disord 2005;88:63–68.
  • 79- Fiabane E, Giorgi I, Sguazzin C ve ark. Work engagement and occupational stress in nurses and other healthcare workers: the role of organisational and personal factors. J Clin Nurs 2013;22:2614 –26 24.
  • 80- Ding YW, Qu J, Yu XS, Wang S. The Mediating Effects of Burnout on the Relationship between Anxiety Symptoms and Occupational Stress among Community Health-care Workers in China: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2014;9:107 – 130.
  • 81- Sá L, Fleming M. Bullying, Burnout, And Mental Health Amongst Portuguese Nurses. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2008;29:411–426.
  • 82- Einarsen S, Matthiesen S, Skogstad A. Bullying, Burnout And Well-Being Among Assistant Nurses. J Occup Health Safety 1998;14:563–568.
  • 83- Balducci C, Fraccaroli F, Schaufeli WB. Workplace Bullying And It’s Relation With Work Characteristics, Personality, And Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms: An Integrated Model. Anxiety Stress Coping 2011;24:499–513.
  • 84- Balducci C, Alfano V, Fraccaroli F. Relationships Between Mobbing At Work And MMPI-2 Personality Profile, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, And Suicidal İdeation And Behavior. Violence Vict 2009;24:52–67.
  • 85- Tehrani N. Bullying: A Source Of Chronic Post Traumatic Stress? Br J Guidance Counselling 2004;32:357–366.
  • 86-Bonafons C, Jehel L, Coroller-Béquet A. Specificity Of The Links Between Workplace Harassment And Ptsd: Primary Results Using Court Decisions, A Pilot Study İn France. Intl Arch Occup Environ Health 2009;82:663–668.
  • 87- Hillard J. Workplace Mobbing: Are They Really Out To Get Your Patient? Current Psychiatr 2009;8:45–49.
  • 88- Çobanoğlu Ş. Mobbing. 1. Basım, İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları, 2005.
  • 89- Tekin E. Askeri Hastanelerde Çalışan Hemşirelerin Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ve Tükenmişlik Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Hemşirelik Programı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara. 2011
  • 90-Treglown L, Palaiou K, Anthony Zarola A ve ark. The Dark Side of Resilience and Burnout: A Moderation-Mediation Model. Plos One 2016;23;11(6):e0156279.
  • 91- Cooke GPE, Doust JA, Steele MC. A Survey Of Resilience, Burnout, And Tolerance Of Uncertainty In Australian General Practice Registrars. BMC Med Educ 2013;13:2.
  • 92- Wooten NR. Deployment cycle stressors and posttraumatic stress symptoms in Army National Guard women: the mediating effect of resilience. Soc Work Health Care 2012;51:828 – 849.
  • 93- Wu MS, Yan X, Zhou C ve ark. General belief in a just world and resilience: Evidence from a collectivistic culture. Eur J Pers 2011;25:431 –442.
  • 94-Arrogante O. Mediator effect of resilience between burnout and health in nursing staff. Enferm Clin 2014;24; 283–289.
  • 95- Fernandes CM, Bouthillette F, Raboud JM ve ark. Violence In The Emergency Department: A Survey Of Health Care Workers. Canadian Med Association J 1999;161:1245–1248.
  • 96- Estryn-Behar M, van der Heijden B, Camerino D ve ark. Violence Risks In Nursing--Results From The European “NEXT” Study. Occup Med 2008;58:107–114.
  • 97- McCarney RJ, Warner J, Iliffe S ve ark. The Hawthorne Effect: A Randomised, Controlled Trial. BMC Med Res Methodol 2007;7:30.
Toplam 96 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Erkal Erzincan Bu kişi benim

Bülent Coşkun Bu kişi benim

Nermin Gündüz Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mart 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Erzincan, E., Coşkun, B., & Gündüz, N. (2022). BIR ÜNIVERSITE HASTANESINDE ÇALIŞAN HEKIM, HEMŞIRE VE SAĞLIK MEMURLARININ PSIKOLOJIK DAYANIKLILIK, PSIKOLOJIK YILDIRMA, ŞIDDETE İLIŞKIN KAYGI DÜZEYLERI VE RUHSAL BELIRTI DÜZEYLERININ TÜKENMIŞLIK DÜZEYLERI ILE İLIŞKISI. Current Addiction Research, 6(1), 25-39. https://doi.org/10.5455/car.105-1658142564
AMA Erzincan E, Coşkun B, Gündüz N. BIR ÜNIVERSITE HASTANESINDE ÇALIŞAN HEKIM, HEMŞIRE VE SAĞLIK MEMURLARININ PSIKOLOJIK DAYANIKLILIK, PSIKOLOJIK YILDIRMA, ŞIDDETE İLIŞKIN KAYGI DÜZEYLERI VE RUHSAL BELIRTI DÜZEYLERININ TÜKENMIŞLIK DÜZEYLERI ILE İLIŞKISI. Current Addiction Research. Mart 2022;6(1):25-39. doi:10.5455/car.105-1658142564
Chicago Erzincan, Erkal, Bülent Coşkun, ve Nermin Gündüz. “BIR ÜNIVERSITE HASTANESINDE ÇALIŞAN HEKIM, HEMŞIRE VE SAĞLIK MEMURLARININ PSIKOLOJIK DAYANIKLILIK, PSIKOLOJIK YILDIRMA, ŞIDDETE İLIŞKIN KAYGI DÜZEYLERI VE RUHSAL BELIRTI DÜZEYLERININ TÜKENMIŞLIK DÜZEYLERI ILE İLIŞKISI”. Current Addiction Research 6, sy. 1 (Mart 2022): 25-39. https://doi.org/10.5455/car.105-1658142564.
EndNote Erzincan E, Coşkun B, Gündüz N (01 Mart 2022) BIR ÜNIVERSITE HASTANESINDE ÇALIŞAN HEKIM, HEMŞIRE VE SAĞLIK MEMURLARININ PSIKOLOJIK DAYANIKLILIK, PSIKOLOJIK YILDIRMA, ŞIDDETE İLIŞKIN KAYGI DÜZEYLERI VE RUHSAL BELIRTI DÜZEYLERININ TÜKENMIŞLIK DÜZEYLERI ILE İLIŞKISI. Current Addiction Research 6 1 25–39.
IEEE E. Erzincan, B. Coşkun, ve N. Gündüz, “BIR ÜNIVERSITE HASTANESINDE ÇALIŞAN HEKIM, HEMŞIRE VE SAĞLIK MEMURLARININ PSIKOLOJIK DAYANIKLILIK, PSIKOLOJIK YILDIRMA, ŞIDDETE İLIŞKIN KAYGI DÜZEYLERI VE RUHSAL BELIRTI DÜZEYLERININ TÜKENMIŞLIK DÜZEYLERI ILE İLIŞKISI”, Current Addiction Research, c. 6, sy. 1, ss. 25–39, 2022, doi: 10.5455/car.105-1658142564.
ISNAD Erzincan, Erkal vd. “BIR ÜNIVERSITE HASTANESINDE ÇALIŞAN HEKIM, HEMŞIRE VE SAĞLIK MEMURLARININ PSIKOLOJIK DAYANIKLILIK, PSIKOLOJIK YILDIRMA, ŞIDDETE İLIŞKIN KAYGI DÜZEYLERI VE RUHSAL BELIRTI DÜZEYLERININ TÜKENMIŞLIK DÜZEYLERI ILE İLIŞKISI”. Current Addiction Research 6/1 (Mart 2022), 25-39. https://doi.org/10.5455/car.105-1658142564.
JAMA Erzincan E, Coşkun B, Gündüz N. BIR ÜNIVERSITE HASTANESINDE ÇALIŞAN HEKIM, HEMŞIRE VE SAĞLIK MEMURLARININ PSIKOLOJIK DAYANIKLILIK, PSIKOLOJIK YILDIRMA, ŞIDDETE İLIŞKIN KAYGI DÜZEYLERI VE RUHSAL BELIRTI DÜZEYLERININ TÜKENMIŞLIK DÜZEYLERI ILE İLIŞKISI. Current Addiction Research. 2022;6:25–39.
MLA Erzincan, Erkal vd. “BIR ÜNIVERSITE HASTANESINDE ÇALIŞAN HEKIM, HEMŞIRE VE SAĞLIK MEMURLARININ PSIKOLOJIK DAYANIKLILIK, PSIKOLOJIK YILDIRMA, ŞIDDETE İLIŞKIN KAYGI DÜZEYLERI VE RUHSAL BELIRTI DÜZEYLERININ TÜKENMIŞLIK DÜZEYLERI ILE İLIŞKISI”. Current Addiction Research, c. 6, sy. 1, 2022, ss. 25-39, doi:10.5455/car.105-1658142564.
Vancouver Erzincan E, Coşkun B, Gündüz N. BIR ÜNIVERSITE HASTANESINDE ÇALIŞAN HEKIM, HEMŞIRE VE SAĞLIK MEMURLARININ PSIKOLOJIK DAYANIKLILIK, PSIKOLOJIK YILDIRMA, ŞIDDETE İLIŞKIN KAYGI DÜZEYLERI VE RUHSAL BELIRTI DÜZEYLERININ TÜKENMIŞLIK DÜZEYLERI ILE İLIŞKISI. Current Addiction Research. 2022;6(1):25-39.
 Kapak Resmi İndir