The Effects of Medicinal Aromatic Plants and Phytogenic Feed Additives on Performance and Product Quality in Quail Nutrition

Öz

The aim of this study is to review publications that investigate the effects of medicinal aromatic plants and some phytogenic feed additives added to quail diets on growth performance, product quantity, and quality. The rapid increase in the world population has raised the question of how to meet the growing food demand. It is essential for human development and health to consume a sufficient amount and quality of daily animal protein. Poultry are among the primary sources of animal protein. Quail, in particular, is preferred within poultry due to its ease of breeding in small spaces, resistance to diseases, short generation interval, high yield per unit area, and quick attainment of research and development results. Quails are raised for both their meat and eggs. However, due to the negative impact of drug residues in animal products on human health, the World Health Organization (WHO) banned the use of antibiotics in animal feeds in 2006. As a result, there has been a need for alternative feed additives to enhance quail performance, boost their immune systems, and maintain their health. In recent years, there has been a growing body of research involving the addition of medicinal aromatic plants and some phytogenic feed additives to quail diets, justified by the claim that they do not harm human health. The research materials for this article were obtained by conducting extensive literature reviews using web browsers. The studies examined revealed that feed additives such as thyme, lavender, mint, cumin, black cumin, garlic, licorice root, juniper oil, orange peel, and pomegranate peel were used in feeding trials. These additives generally exhibited antimicrobial, antioxidative, bacteriostatic, and bactericidal properties, enhanced quail performance, strengthened immunity, facilitated digestion and nutrient absorption, improved feed palatability, and had many other positive effects. It is recommended that the economic production of medicinal and aromatic plants with observed positive effects in quail feeding be ensured and their use in the poultry sector be promoted.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Quail Nutrition
• medicinal aromatic plants
• phytogenic additives
• antioxidative properties

Bıldırcın Beslenmesinde Tıbbi Aromatik Bitkiler ve Fitojenik Yem Katkılarının Performansa ve Ürün Kalitesine Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı bıldırcınların yemlerine eklenen tıbbi aromatik bitki ve bazı fitojenik yem katkı maddelerinin besi performansına, ürün miktar ve kalitesine etkilerinin araştırıldığı yayınların derlenmesidir. Dünya nüfusunun hızla artması; gıda ihtiyacının nasıl karşılanacağı sorusunu gündeme getirmiştir. İnsanların gelişimi ve sağlığı için yeterli miktar ve kalitede günlük hayvansal protein alması önemlidir. Hayvansal protein kaynaklarından birisi de kanatlı hayvanlardır. Bıldırcın ise kanatlı hayvanlar içerisinde küçük alanlarda kolay yetiştirilebilen, hastalıklara dayanıklı ve generasyonlar arası sürenin kısa olması, birim alandan yüksek verim elde edilmesi, Ar-Ge sonuçlarına kısa sürede ulaşılması gibi avantajları nedeniyle tercih edilmektedir. Et ve yumurtası için yetiştirilmektedir. Ancak hayvansal ürünlerdeki ilaç kalıntılarının insan sağlığını olumsuz etkilemesi nedeniyle Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün (WHO) 2006 yılında hayvan yemlerine antibiyotik katılmasının yasaklanmasıyla beraber bıldırcınların performanslarını artırmak, bağışıklık sistemini güçlendirmek ve sağlığını korumak amacıyla alternatif yem katkılarına ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Son yıllarda insan sağlığına zararı olmadığı gerekçesiyle bıldırcın yemlerine tıbbi aromatik bitki ve bazı fitojenik yem katkı maddelerinin eklendiği çalışmalar artmıştır. Bu makalenin araştırma materyalleri web tarayıcılarından konuyla ilgili çok sayıda literatür taranarak elde edilmiştir. İncelenen bu çalışmaların sonucunda; besleme denemelerinde kekik, lavanta, nane, kimyon, çörekotu, sarımsak, meyan kökü, ardıç yağı, portakal ve nar kabuğu gibi yem katkı maddelerinin kullanıldığı ve bunların genel olarak antimikrobiyal, antioksidatif, bakteriostatik ve bakterisit özellik gösterdiği, bıldırcınların performansını artırıcı, bağışıklığını güçlendirici, sindirim ve besin emilimini kolaylaştırıcı, yemin lezzetini artırıcı ve daha birçok olumlu etki gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Bıldırcın beslemede olumlu etkileri görülen tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerin ekonomik üretimleri sağlanarak kanatlı sektöründe kullanımı yaygınlaştırılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bıldırcın besleme
• tıbbi aromatik bitki
• fitojenik katkı maddesi
• antioksidatif

Kaynakça

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