Skolyozlu Bireyler İçin Ayakkabı Tasarımlarındaki Gelişmeler: Biyomekanik Hususlar, Malzemeler ve Tasarım Yenilikleri

Öz

Anormal omurga eğriliği ile karakterize bir durum olan skolyoz, duruşu, dengeyi ve kas-iskelet fonksiyonunu etkileyerek yürüyüş anormalliklerine ve üst vücut asimetrilerine yol açar. Skolyozun biyomekanik sonuçları omurganın ötesine uzanır , hem alt hem de üst ekstremiteleri (bir organın son ya da uç kısmı) etkiler ve böylece hareketliliği ve günlük aktiviteleri etkiler. Ayakkabı, denge sağlayarak, ağırlık dağılımını iyileştirerek ve telafi edici yürüyüş kalıplarını hafifleterek skolyozla ilişkili duruş dengesizliklerini yönetmede önemli bir rol oynar. Bu inceleme, skolyozun hem alt hem de üst ekstremitelerdeki biyomekanik etkilerini, ayakkabı giymenin omurga hizalaması üzerindeki etkilerini ve ortopedik ayakkabı tasarımı için temel hususları inceler. Özel tabanlıklar, hareket kontrol özellikleri ve 3D yazdırılmış ortezler(omurgayı veya uzuvları desteklemek için destek aparatı) dahil olmak üzere adaptif ayakkabılardaki yenilikler, skolyozlu bireylerin hareketliliğini ve yaşam kalitesini iyileştirmek için umut verici yaklaşımlar sağlar. Skolyoz yönetiminde özel ayakkabı müdahalelerinin uzun vadeli etkinliğini değerlendirmek için daha fazla araştırma gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Skolyoz
• Ayakkabı
• Ayakkabı Malzemeleri
• Eklemeli İmalat

Advances in Shoe Design for Individuals with Scoliosis: Biomechanical Considerations, Materials, and Design Innovations

Öz

Scoliosis, a condition characterized by abnormal spinal curvature, affects posture, balance, and musculoskeletal function, leading to gait abnormalities and upper body asymmetries. The biomechanical consequences of scoliosis extend beyond the spine, impacting both lower and upper extremities, thereby influencing mobility and the performance of daily activities. Footwear plays a critical role in managing postural imbalances associated with scoliosis by enhancing balance, improving weight distribution, and mitigating compensatory gait patterns. This review examines the biomechanical implications of scoliosis on both lower and upper extremities, explores the effects of footwear on spinal alignment, and discusses key considerations in orthopedic shoe design. Innovations in adaptive footwear—including custom insoles, motion control features, and 3D-printed orthoses—offer promising approaches to improve mobility and quality of life for individuals with scoliosis. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term efficacy of specialized footwear interventions in scoliosis management.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Scoliosis
• Foot Wear
• Shoe Materials
• Additive Manufacturing

Kaynakça

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