Araştırma Makalesi
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Çin’de 2020 yılında yoksulluğu önleme çabaları üzerine değerlendirmeler

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 143 - 163, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.38154/cjas.32

Öz

Yoksulluk, birçok ülkenin yok etmekte değil, kontrol altına almakta bile zorluk çektiği karmaşık bir olgudur. Çin, yüksek yoksulluk oranlarının görüldüğü büyük bir ülkedir ve günümüzde mutlak olarak yoksulluğu ortadan kaldırmıştır. Halkın iktisadi açıdan daha iyi duruma gelebilmesi için belirli programlar uygulamıştır. Bu bağlamda Çin, dünyada öncü bir konumdadır ve 2020 yılı itibariyle “mutlak” yoksulluğu ortadan kaldırdığını ilan etmiştir. Bu makale, yoksulluğu ortadan kaldırma amacına yönelik olarak siyasi bir kararlılık çerçevesinde benimsenmiş olan katı ve teknik program ve politikaları analiz etmektedir. Yoksullukla mücadele çabaları çerçevesinde, bu makalede “yolsuzluk” kavramı özel olarak değerlendirilmekte ve yolsuzlukla mücadele çabaları üzerinde de durulmaktadır. Makale, örnek olarak bazı başarılı uygulamaları ele almakta ve Başkan Şi’nin özellikle Covid-19 sonrası dönemde Çin’in iktisadi büyümesine yönelik kararlılığına vurgu yapmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Ang, Yuen Yuen. (2016), How China Escaped the Poverty Trap, Cornell University Press, New York
  • Chengwei, Huang, & Quan, Yuan, (2020), “Building Moderately Prosperous Society in all Respects- Poverty Reduction: Xi Jinping’s Statements & Chinese Path”, China Economist, 15 (1), January-February
  • China Daily, (2016a), http://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2016-10/17/content_15512138.html 17 October
  • Diallo, Fatoumata. (2019), “China’s Anti-Poverty Efforts”, Focus Asia, Institute for Security & Development Policy
  • Gao, Qin. (2017), Welfare, Work & Poverty: Social Assistance in China, Oxford University Press
  • Global Times, (2016), http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1016492.shtml, 8 November
  • Ho, Carmen. & Romann, Alfred. (2016), “Lifting the Poor”, The China Daily Asia, 28 October 2016, http://www.chinadailyasia.com/asiaweekly/2016-10/28/content_15517373_2.html
  • Hofman, Bert. (2015), http://www.bjreview.com/Opinion/201510/t20151016_800040481.html
  • Hong, Zhaohui. (2015), The price of China's economic development: power, capital, and the poverty of rights, University Press of Kentucky
  • Huang, Xiyi. (1999), “Ground level bureaucrats as a source of intensification of rural poverty in China”, Journal of International Development, 11.
  • Jinping, Xi. (2016), https://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2016-12/11/c...
  • Kang, X. (1995), Zhongguopinkunyu fan pinkunlilun (Poverty in China and anti-Poverty theories), Nanning: Guangxi Renmin Chubanshe
  • Keqiang, Li. (2014), “Linking Poverty with Urbanisation”, Xinhua, 27 January
  • Laber. Kelly, & Bresson. Florent, (2011), “A multi-dimensional analysis of poverty in China from 1996 to 2006”, China Economic Review, 22
  • Lai, S., Shen, C., Xu, Y. et al. (2018), “The distribution of benefits under China’s new rural cooperative medical system: evidence from western rural China”, Int J Equity Health, 17, 137, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-018-0852-7
  • Li, Y. (2016), Geographers presided over the completion of third party evaluation on National Precision poverty alleviation performance, Acta Geogr. Sin. 71 (7), 1272–1273
  • Lu, Yuting. & Wu, Fulong. (2006), “The State, Institutional Transition and the Creation of New Urbam Poverty in China”, Social Policy & Administration, 40 (2)
  • National Audit Office Review (2016), http://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2016-11/26/content_15532274.html, 26 November
  • NBSC (National Bureau of Statistics of China) (2000 & 2003), Chinese Statistical Yearbook 2000 & 2003 Beijing: China Statistics Press.
  • National Development Reform Commission (2016), http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1016492.shtml
  • Nolan, P. (1988), The Political Economy of Collective Farms: An Analysis of China's Post-Mao Rural Reforms, Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Oppenheimer, Carey. (1993), Poverty: The Facts, Child Poverty Concern Group, London
  • Quanguo, Chen. (2016), “Xinjiang Party Chief to intensify poverty relief”, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2016-11/01/content_27243607.htm
  • Statement of CPC Central Committee and the State Council (17 October 2016) http://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2016-10/17/content_15512138.html
  • State Council (2016), 13th Five Year Plan 2016-2020, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2016-12/03/content_27556742.htm, 2 December
  • State Statistic Bureau (1989) quoted by Huang, Xiyi. (1999), Op. citt.
  • Thirteenth Five Year Plan 2016-2020 for Economic & Social Development of China, https://en.ndrc.gov.cn/policyrelease_8233/201612/P020191101482242850325.pdf
  • Tiezzi, Shannon. (2014), “China’s War against Poverty”, http://thediplomat.com/2014/01/chinas-war-against-poverty/, accessed on 7.12.2016.
  • Urio, Paulo. (2019), China 1949-2019: From Poverty to World Power, Springer, Singapore
  • Wang. Meiyan, (2007), “Emerging urban poverty and effects of the Di Baoprogram on alleviating poverty in China”, China & World Economy, 15 (2)
  • Wang, Xiaolin. Wang, Limin. & Wang, Yan (2014), Quality of Growth and Poverty Reduction in China, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
  • White Paper on China's Progress in Poverty Reduction and Human Rights (2016), http://english.www.gov.cn/policies/latest_releases/2016/10/17/content_281475468533275.htm
  • Works of Deng Xiaoping, Vol. 3, (1993), People’s Publishing House, Beijing
  • Xiaoying, Qin. (2016), “What the sixth Plenum will come up with”, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2016-10/27/content_27185878.htm, 27 October
  • Xinhua, (2016), “Audit finds poverty relief funds under-performing”, China Daily, 26 November
  • Xiaoyun,Li.(2020), https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d414d3541444d33457a6333566d54/index.html
  • Xu Wei & Daqiong (2016), “Bringing new hope to poorest people on plateau”, China Daily, 29 November, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2016-11/29/content_27510991_3.htm
  • Yan, Kun. (2015), Poverty Alleviation in China, Springer, New York
  • Yao.Shujie, (1997), “Industrialisation and Spatial Income Inequality in Rural China, 1986-92”, The Economics of Transition, Vol.5, No.1,
  • _________, (1999), “Economic growth, income inequality, and poverty in China under economic reforms”, Journal of Development Studies, 36 (6)
  • Zhou, Y., Guo, Y., Liu, Y., Wu, W., & Li, Y. (2018), “Targeted poverty alleviation and land policy innovation: Some practice and policy implications from China”, Land Use Policy, 74, 53–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.04.037

Reflections on poverty elimination in China by 2020

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 143 - 163, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.38154/cjas.32

Öz

Poverty is a very complicated phenomenon with many states finding difficulty to control the phenomenon alone, forget about its elimination. China is a major country and had high incidence of poverty, but now it has eliminated poverty “absolutely”. It implemented certain programs for the economic betterment of the people. In this perspective, China has taken the lead and declared elimination of absolute poverty in 2020. The paper analyses the policies and programmes that has been adopted with a very technical stern method and political determination so as to achieve this objective. It discusses the corruption element in poverty elimination and the steps taken to curb it. The paper exemplifies some successes and concludes with the commitment of President Xi in furthering the economic growth of China, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic.

Kaynakça

  • Ang, Yuen Yuen. (2016), How China Escaped the Poverty Trap, Cornell University Press, New York
  • Chengwei, Huang, & Quan, Yuan, (2020), “Building Moderately Prosperous Society in all Respects- Poverty Reduction: Xi Jinping’s Statements & Chinese Path”, China Economist, 15 (1), January-February
  • China Daily, (2016a), http://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2016-10/17/content_15512138.html 17 October
  • Diallo, Fatoumata. (2019), “China’s Anti-Poverty Efforts”, Focus Asia, Institute for Security & Development Policy
  • Gao, Qin. (2017), Welfare, Work & Poverty: Social Assistance in China, Oxford University Press
  • Global Times, (2016), http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1016492.shtml, 8 November
  • Ho, Carmen. & Romann, Alfred. (2016), “Lifting the Poor”, The China Daily Asia, 28 October 2016, http://www.chinadailyasia.com/asiaweekly/2016-10/28/content_15517373_2.html
  • Hofman, Bert. (2015), http://www.bjreview.com/Opinion/201510/t20151016_800040481.html
  • Hong, Zhaohui. (2015), The price of China's economic development: power, capital, and the poverty of rights, University Press of Kentucky
  • Huang, Xiyi. (1999), “Ground level bureaucrats as a source of intensification of rural poverty in China”, Journal of International Development, 11.
  • Jinping, Xi. (2016), https://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2016-12/11/c...
  • Kang, X. (1995), Zhongguopinkunyu fan pinkunlilun (Poverty in China and anti-Poverty theories), Nanning: Guangxi Renmin Chubanshe
  • Keqiang, Li. (2014), “Linking Poverty with Urbanisation”, Xinhua, 27 January
  • Laber. Kelly, & Bresson. Florent, (2011), “A multi-dimensional analysis of poverty in China from 1996 to 2006”, China Economic Review, 22
  • Lai, S., Shen, C., Xu, Y. et al. (2018), “The distribution of benefits under China’s new rural cooperative medical system: evidence from western rural China”, Int J Equity Health, 17, 137, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-018-0852-7
  • Li, Y. (2016), Geographers presided over the completion of third party evaluation on National Precision poverty alleviation performance, Acta Geogr. Sin. 71 (7), 1272–1273
  • Lu, Yuting. & Wu, Fulong. (2006), “The State, Institutional Transition and the Creation of New Urbam Poverty in China”, Social Policy & Administration, 40 (2)
  • National Audit Office Review (2016), http://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2016-11/26/content_15532274.html, 26 November
  • NBSC (National Bureau of Statistics of China) (2000 & 2003), Chinese Statistical Yearbook 2000 & 2003 Beijing: China Statistics Press.
  • National Development Reform Commission (2016), http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1016492.shtml
  • Nolan, P. (1988), The Political Economy of Collective Farms: An Analysis of China's Post-Mao Rural Reforms, Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Oppenheimer, Carey. (1993), Poverty: The Facts, Child Poverty Concern Group, London
  • Quanguo, Chen. (2016), “Xinjiang Party Chief to intensify poverty relief”, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2016-11/01/content_27243607.htm
  • Statement of CPC Central Committee and the State Council (17 October 2016) http://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2016-10/17/content_15512138.html
  • State Council (2016), 13th Five Year Plan 2016-2020, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2016-12/03/content_27556742.htm, 2 December
  • State Statistic Bureau (1989) quoted by Huang, Xiyi. (1999), Op. citt.
  • Thirteenth Five Year Plan 2016-2020 for Economic & Social Development of China, https://en.ndrc.gov.cn/policyrelease_8233/201612/P020191101482242850325.pdf
  • Tiezzi, Shannon. (2014), “China’s War against Poverty”, http://thediplomat.com/2014/01/chinas-war-against-poverty/, accessed on 7.12.2016.
  • Urio, Paulo. (2019), China 1949-2019: From Poverty to World Power, Springer, Singapore
  • Wang. Meiyan, (2007), “Emerging urban poverty and effects of the Di Baoprogram on alleviating poverty in China”, China & World Economy, 15 (2)
  • Wang, Xiaolin. Wang, Limin. & Wang, Yan (2014), Quality of Growth and Poverty Reduction in China, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
  • White Paper on China's Progress in Poverty Reduction and Human Rights (2016), http://english.www.gov.cn/policies/latest_releases/2016/10/17/content_281475468533275.htm
  • Works of Deng Xiaoping, Vol. 3, (1993), People’s Publishing House, Beijing
  • Xiaoying, Qin. (2016), “What the sixth Plenum will come up with”, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2016-10/27/content_27185878.htm, 27 October
  • Xinhua, (2016), “Audit finds poverty relief funds under-performing”, China Daily, 26 November
  • Xiaoyun,Li.(2020), https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d414d3541444d33457a6333566d54/index.html
  • Xu Wei & Daqiong (2016), “Bringing new hope to poorest people on plateau”, China Daily, 29 November, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2016-11/29/content_27510991_3.htm
  • Yan, Kun. (2015), Poverty Alleviation in China, Springer, New York
  • Yao.Shujie, (1997), “Industrialisation and Spatial Income Inequality in Rural China, 1986-92”, The Economics of Transition, Vol.5, No.1,
  • _________, (1999), “Economic growth, income inequality, and poverty in China under economic reforms”, Journal of Development Studies, 36 (6)
  • Zhou, Y., Guo, Y., Liu, Y., Wu, W., & Li, Y. (2018), “Targeted poverty alleviation and land policy innovation: Some practice and policy implications from China”, Land Use Policy, 74, 53–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.04.037
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Bölgesel Çalışmalar
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Satya Dash Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-6779-4835

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Dash, Satya. “Reflections on Poverty Elimination in China by 2020”. Cappadocia Journal of Area Studies 2, sy. 2 (Aralık 2020): 143-63. https://doi.org/10.38154/cjas.32.