Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün Orta Asya'daki yükselişi: Rusya ve Çin’in Türk Cumhuriyetleri üzerindeki işbirliğinin mi yoksa rekabetinin mi aracı?

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 175 - 193, 31.12.2022

Şafak Oğuz , Bilal Karabulut

Öz

Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü, yeni üyeler, gözlemci devlet ya da NATO üyesi
Türkiye dahil diyalog üyeliği gibi devletlerin katılımı ile kademeleri olarak
bölgede gücünü ve etkisini artırmaktadır. Ancak esas konu söz konusu örgütün
muallak politikaları sorununu çözüp çözemeyeceği ve bölgede batılı devletlerle
etkin bir şekilde mücadele edip edemeyeceğidir. Önümüzdeki dönemde Rusya
ve Çin arasında işbirliği mi yoksa rekabet mi göreceğiz? Bu durum Türk
Cumhuriyetlerinin bölgesel politikalarını nasıl etkileyecek? Şangay İşbirliği
Örgütü’nün ekonomik, enerji ve güvenlik politikaları bu zamana kadar bölgede
etkin bir rol oynamıştır. Çalışma bölgedeki rekabeti de vurgulayarak bu
politikaları ele almaktadır. Çalışma esas olarak Rusya ve Çin’in çıkarlarının ve
işbirliğinin aynı yönde olduğu durumlarda bölgesel çatışmanın bölgesel
işbirliğine dönüşerek ŞİÖ’nün güçlenmesini sağladığını, Pakistan, Hindistan ve
İran gibi yeni üyelerin katılımının örgütün bölgede özellikle siyasi ve ekonomik
anlamda baskın güç olmasına imkan verdiğini ileri sürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü, Rusya, Çin, Türk Cumhuriyetleri, SCO, Russia, China, Turkic States

The rise of Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Central Asia: a tool of cooperation or competition between Russia and China over the Turkic States?

Öz

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is gradually
increasing its power and influence in the region through the addition of new
members, and new states with observer or dialog status, including NATO
member Turkey. The main question is whether the organization will achieve its
blurring policies and compete effectively with the West in the region. Will we
see a new era of cooperation or competition in Central Asia between Russia and
China in the upcoming period? And how will the regional politics of the Turkic
states be affected? The SCO’s economic, energy and security policies have been
especially effective in dominating the region to date. This paper presents an
analysis of these policies with focus on the regional competition among the
member states. It argues primarily that the SCO has grown in strength as a
result of the convergence of Russian and Chinese interests and politics, turning
regional competition into regional cooperation, and that the organization will
come to dominate the region, especially politically and economically, with the
accession of new members Pakistan and India, and the imminent accession of
Iran.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü, Rusya, Çin, Türk Cumhuriyetleri, SCO, Russia, China, Turkic States

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