A New Part of Horse Trapping Belonging to Urartian King Minua from Adana Archaeology Museum and on Urišḫi-Urišḫusi-Ururda Words in Urartian
Öz
In the first part of this article, a horse’s collar with cuneiform inscription from the Adana Museum is discussed. First, use of collars by Urartians is described in the light of examples known from excavated sites and museums and depictions in Urartian figurative art. Bronze horse’s collars consisting of two metal plates connected by a hinge mechanism used on the necks of horses comprised an important part of Urartian horse harness. These parts, which were decorated with mythological figures or were plain and undecorated, often feature cuneiform inscriptions, as we see on various Urartian bronze artifacts. The cuneiform inscriptions on the bronze collar discussed in this article indicate that this piece belongs to the reign of Urartian king Minua. The second part of the article discusses the cuneiform inscription in Urar- tian language on the collar. New considerations on the words urišḫi-urišḫusi-ururda are shared in light of the cuneiform inscribed objects that are encountered as a quite common tradition in the Kingdom of Urartu. The discussion and evaluation conclude that the expressions urišḫi-urišḫusi-ururda encoun- tered in Urartian inscriptions are associated with bronze, and mean bronze, bronze house/workshop and bronze manufacturers in Urartian.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Urartian, Minua, bronze, horse trappings, collar, urišḫi-urišḫusi-ururda
Kaynakça
- Belli, O. 1976-77 “Van Bölge Müzesi’ndeki Çivi Yazılı Urartu Tunç Eserleri”, AnAr 4-5: 177-212.
- Belli, O. 1983 “Urartu Kralı İšpuini’ye Ait Çiviyazılı ve Resimli Tunç Eserler”, AnAr IX: 325-357.
- Belli, O. 1991 “Inscribed Urartian Metal Objects (with Appendix I)”, Merhav R. (ed.) Urartu: A Metalworking Center in the First Millenium B.C.E. Jerusalem: 44-49.
- Belli, O. 1992 “Beschriftete Bronzegegenstände des Königs Išpuini im Museum von Gaziantep”, Otten, H. – E. Akurgal – H. Ertem – A. Süel (eds.) Hittite and Other Anatolian and Near Eastern Studies in Honour of Sedat Alp, Ankara: 45-54.
- Belli, O. 1999 “Urartu Krallığında Çivi Yazılı Metal Eşya ve Silahlar”, N. Başgelen – G. Celgin – A.V. Celgin (eds.) Anatolian/Thracian Studies in Honour of Zafer Taşlıklıoğlu Armağanı Anadolu ve Trakya Çalışmaları, Volume I, Istanbul, 271-287.
- Belli, O. – A. Dinçol – B. Dinçol 2005 “Bronze Door Rings with Cuneiform Inscriptions of Sarduri II from the Upper Anzaf Fortress”, Anatolica XXXI: 217-226.
- Belli, O. and Salvini, M. 2010 “Bronze Bowls with Cuneiform and Hieroglyphic Inscriptions from Van Museum”, SMEA 52: 41-48.
- Bernbeck, R. 2003-2004 “Organizational Aspects of Bronze Production in Urartu”, Nāme-ye Irān-e Bāstān 3/2: 43-63.
- Borger, R. 2004 Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon (AOAT 305). Münster.
- Born, H. – U. Seidl 1995 Schutzwaffen aus Assyrien und Urartu (Sammlung Axel Gutmann IV). Mainz.