Differentiated Transformational Leadership Inventory: Validity and Reliability Study in Sports Environment

Öz

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish form of the Differentiated Transformational Leadership Inventory in athletes. Method: The sample of the study consisted of a total of 187 athletes (X̅age=21.81±6.40), including 40 females (X̅age =19.58±2.26) participating and 147 males (X̅age =22.29±4.29). Compatibility indices and factor loadings were calculated for each subscale of the inventory. The Differentiated Transformational Leadership Inventory is a five-point Likert scale consisting of 27 items and 7 subscales. This inventory allows athletes to evaluate their coaches' leadership characteristics in 7 subscales: individual consideration, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, fostering acceptance of group goals and promoting teamwork, high-performance expectations, being an appropriate role model, and contingent reward. As part of the criterion-related validity study of the inventory, athletes simultaneously responded to the Coping with Sportive Problems Inventory. While the structural validity of the inventory was tested with confirmatory factor analysis, correlation tests were used for criterion-related validity. Internal consistency coefficient alpha and composite reliability coefficient were calculated for reliability. Compatibility indices were calculated for each dimension of the inventory, and the 7-factor model structure was also tested. Results: The analysis results indicated that each dimension had excellent compatibility indices, but it revealed the necessity to remove some items for the 7-factor model. After removing the relevant items, the analyses were rerun, and it was observed that the 7-factor model had acceptable compatibility indices. Conclusion: Consequently, it can be said that the Turkish form of the Differentiated Transformational Leadership Inventory is suitable for measuring Turkish athletes' perceptions of transformational leadership in their coaches.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Leadership
• Coaching
• Athlete
• Validity
• Reliability

Farklılaştırılmış Dönüşümcü Liderlik Envanteri: Spor Ortamında Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Farklılaştırılmış Dönüşümcü Liderlik Envanterinin Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin sporcularda test edilmesidir. Yöntem: Çalışmanın örneklemini 40 kadın (X̅yaş=19.58±2.26) 147 erkek (X̅yaş =22.29±4.29) olmak üzere toplam 187 (X̅yaş=21.81±6.40) sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Envanterin her bir alt boyutu için uyum indeksleri ve faktör yükleri hesaplanmıştır. Farklılaştırılmış Dönüşümcü Liderlik Envanteri, 27 madde ve 7 alt boyuttan oluşan beşli likert tipi bir envanterdir. Bu envanter sporcuların antrenörlerindeki liderlik özelliklerini; bireysel ilgi, ilham verici motivasyon, düşünsel uyarım, grup hedeflerinin kabulünü teşvik etme ve takım çalışmasını destekleme, yüksek performans beklentisi, uygun rol model ve koşullu ödül olmak üzere toplam 7 alt boyutta değerlendirmelerine olanak sağlamaktadır. Envanterin yapı geçerliği doğrulayıcı faktör analiziyle test edilirken ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik için korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır. Envanterin iç tutarlılık katsayısı alfa katsayısı ile hesaplanırken güvenirlik için bileşik güvenirlik katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Envanterin her bir boyutu için uyum indeksleri hesaplanırken 7 faktörlü model yapısı da test edilmiştir. Bulgular: Analiz sonuçları her bir boyutun mükemmel uyum indekslerine sahip olduğunu gösterirken 7 faktörlü model için bazı maddelerin çıkarılması gerektiğini ortaya koymuştur. İlgili maddeler çıkarıldıktan sonra analizler yeniden yapılmış ve 7 faktörlü modelin kabul edilebilir düzeyde uyum indekslerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, Farklılaştırılmış Dönüşümcü Liderlik Envanterinin Türkçe formunun Türk sporcuların antrenörlerine ilişkin dönüşümcü liderlik algılarını ölçmek için uygun olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Liderlik
• Antrenör
• Sporcu
• Geçerlik
• Güvenirlik

Kaynakça

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