Çeşitli Spor Disiplinleriyle Zenginleştirilmiş Hareket Eğitimi Derslerinin Erken Çocukluk Dönemi Psikomotor Gelişimine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, okul öncesi çocuklarda motor beceri gelişimine yönelik üç spor branşına özgü hareket antrenman programının karşılaştırmalı etkileri araştırılmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya altı yaşında yirmi üç çocuk katılmıştır. Ön test tamamlandıktan sonra katılımcılar rastgele üç gruptan birine atanmıştır: aikido (n = 8), basketbol (n = 7) veya tenis (n = 8). Her grup, sekiz haftalık bir müdahale dönemi boyunca haftada iki kez spora özgü hareket eğitimi almıştır. Kaba motor becerileri, müdahaleden önce ve sonra kaba kas grubu motor beceri testi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm veriler parametrik olmayan istatistiksel prosedürler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Ön test sonuçları, gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığını göstermiştir (p > 0,05). Buna karşılık, son test analizleri, basketbol grubunun nesne kontrol alt ölçeğinde (basketbol: 40,42 ± 2,820; aikido: 31,62 ± 5,449; p < 0,05) ve toplam büyük kas grubu beceri testi (GMST, Gross Muscle Group Motor Skill Test) puanında (basketbol: 85,71 ± 4,572; aikido: 74,00 ± 6,325; p < 0,05) aikido grubuna kıyasla önemli bir avantaj ortaya koymuştur. Her üç grup da ön testten son teste önemli gelişmeler göstermiştir (p < 0,05), bu da eğitim programlarının olumlu etkilerini göstermektedir. Ancak, ön test-son test fark puanlarının karşılaştırılması, gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark göstermemiştir (p > 0,05). Sonuç: Genel olarak, bulgular aikido, basketbol veya tenis temelli hareket eğitimine katılımın okul öncesi çocuklarda kaba motor beceri performansında iyileşmelere katkıda bulunduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak basketbol eğitimi, nesne kontrolü gerektiren becerilerde nispeten daha fazla gelişme sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• erken çocukluk
• motor beceri
• büyük kas grubu
• gelişim

The Influence of Movement Education Lessons Enriched with Various Sports Disciplines on Early Childhood Psychomotor Development

Öz

Purpose: This study investigated the comparative effects of three sport-specific movement training programs on motor skill development in preschool children. Method: Twenty-three children aged six years participated in the study. After completing a pretest, participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: aikido (n = 8), basketball (n = 7), or tennis (n = 8). Each group received sport-specific movement instruction twice weekly over an eight-week intervention period. Gross motor skills were assessed before and after the intervention using a gross muscle group motor skill test (GMST). All data were analyzed using appropriate nonparametric statistical procedures. Results: Pretest results indicated no significant differences among the groups (p > 0.05). In contrast, posttest analyzes revealed a significant advantage for the basketball group compared with the aikido group in the object control subscale (basketball: 40.42 ± 2.820; aikido: 31.62 ± 5.449; p < 0.05) and in the total GMST score (basketball: 85.71 ± 4.572; aikido: 74.00 ± 6.325; p < 0.05). All three groups demonstrated significant improvements from pretest to posttest (p < 0.05), indicating positive effects of the training programs. However, comparisons of pretest–posttest difference scores showed no significant differences among the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Overall, the findings suggest that participation in aikido, basketball, or tennis–based movement education contributes to improvements in gross motor skill performance among preschool children. Basketball training, however, may provide relatively greater enhancement in skills requiring object control.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• early childhood
• motor skill
• large muscle group
• development

Kaynakça

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