Investigation of the Relationship Between Body Composition and BMI with Selected Physical Performance Parameters in Young Male Basketball Players

Öz

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between body composition and BMI with selected physical performance parameters in young male basketball players. Given the limited number of studies examining these relationships among young basketball players and the inconsistent findings, the present study aims to contribute to the sports science literature.

Method: A cross-sectional study design was used in this study. Twenty-three male athletes who actively play basketball in the U16–U18 categories (age = 16.87 ± 0.92 years; body weight = 79.48 ± 8.01 kg; height = 187.74 ± 6.30 cm; BMI = 22.53 ± 1.63 kg/m²) who were actively playing basketball in the U16–U18 categories voluntarily participated. Performance tests were conducted on three separate days; a 20-meter sprint test was administered on the first day, a T-test on the second day, and a counter-movement jump (CMJ) test on the third day.   To examine the relationship between body composition and physical performance values, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used for data showing a normal distribution, while Spearman’s correlation analysis was used for data not showing a normal distribution.

Results: Body fat percentage (%), CMJ (r = -0.715) showed a strong negative correlation, while CODs (r = 0.736) showed a strong positive correlation (p<0.05). No significant correlation was observed between body fat percentage (%) and 20-m sprint performance (r = 0.220; p>0.05). FFM (kg) values of young male basketball players had a moderate positive correlation with the CMJ (r = 0.564) and a strong negative correlation with the 20-m sprint (r = -0.639), and a moderate negative correlation with CODs (r = -0.450). The athletes’ BMI (kg/m²) values were negatively correlated with CMJ (r = -0.556) and a moderate positive correlation with CODs (r = 0.512). No significant relationship was observed between BMI (kg/m²) and 20-m sprint performance (r = 0.163; p>0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, this study has demonstrated the relationship between body composition (body fat percentage, lean body mass, and BMI) and physical performance (CMJ, CODs, and sprint) in young male basketball players. While high body fat percentages and BMI values ​​lead to a decline in athletes' performance, high lean body mass can enhance performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Body Composition
• BMI
• Physical Performance
• Basketball Players

Genç Erkek Basketbolcularda Vücut Kompozisyonu ve BMI ile Seçilmiş Fiziksel Performans Parametreleri Arasindaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, genç erkek basketbolcularında vücut kompozisyonu ve BMI ile seçilmiş fiziksel performans parametreleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Genç basketbolcular arasında bu ilişkileri inceleyen çalışmaların sayısının sınırlı olması ve bulguların tutarsızlığı göz önüne alındığında, bu çalışma spor bilimi literatürüne katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışmada kesitsel bir araştırma tasarımı kullanılmıştır. U16–U18 kategorilerinde aktif olarak basketbol oynayan yirmi üç erkek sporcu (yaş = 16,87 ± 0,92 yıl; vücut ağırlığı = 79,48 ± 8,01 kg; boy = 187,74 ± 6,30 cm; BMI = 22,53 ± 1,63 kg/m²) gönüllü olarak çalışmaya katılmıştır. Performans testleri üç ayrı günde gerçekleştirildi; ilk gün 20 metrelik sprint testi, ikinci gün T-testi ve üçüncü gün karşı hareketli sıçrama (CMJ) testi uygulandı. Vücut kompozisyonu ile fiziksel performans değerleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için, normal dağılım gösteren verilerde Pearson korelasyon katsayısı, normal dağılım göstermeyen verilerde ise Spearman korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Vücut yağ oranı (%) ile CMJ (r = -0,715) arasında güçlü bir negatif korelasyon gözlenirken, COD’s (r = 0,736) ile güçlü bir pozitif korelasyon saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Vücut yağ oranı (%) ile 20 m sprint performansı arasında ise anlamlı bir korelasyon gözlenmemiştir (r = 0,220; p>0,05). Genç erkek basketbolcuların FFM (kg) değerleri, CMJ ile orta derecede pozitif bir korelasyon (r = 0,564), 20 m sprint ile güçlü bir negatif korelasyon (r = -0,639) ve CODs ile orta düzeyde negatif korelasyon (r = -0,450) göstermiştir. Sporcuların BMI (kg/m²) değerleri, CMJ ile negatif (r = -0,556) ve CODs ile orta düzeyde pozitif (r = 0,512) bir korelasyon göstermiştir. BMI (kg/m²) ile 20 m sprint performansı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki gözlemlenmemiştir (r = 0,163; p>0,05).

Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma genç erkek basketbolcularında vücut kompozisyonu (vücut yağ oranı, yağsız vücut kütlesi ve BMI) ile fiziksel performans (CMJ, COD’lar ve sprint) arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymuştur. Yüksek vücut yağ oranları ve BMI değerleri sporcuların performansında düşüşe yol açarken, yüksek yağsız vücut kütlesi performans artışı sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Vücut Kompozisyonu
• BMI
• Fiziksel Performans
• Basketbolcular

Kaynakça

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