Artificial Intelligence-Related Perceptions Among Physical Education and Sports Teachers: Evidence from Ağrı Province, Türkiye

Öz

Purpose: This cross-sectional study investigated artificial intelligence (AI)-related interaction, perceived widespread effects, anxiety, and overall AI perceptions among physical education and sports teachers, and examined the associations of these outcomes with selected demographic and professional characteristics.

Method: The study included 115 physical education and sports teachers in Ağrı Province, Türkiye. AI-related outcomes were measured using the 25-item Artificial Intelligence Scale. Internal consistency and factorability were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald’s omega, the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure, and Bartlett’s test. Group differences, associations, and adjusted relationships were examined using Welch’s t tests, Spearman correlations, and HC3 robust regression models.

Results: Internal consistency was high for all subscales and the total score (Cronbach’s α = .872–.913; McDonald’s ω = .873–.918), and factorability was adequate (KMO = .836; Bartlett’s χ² (300) = 1707.68, p < .001). Gender differences were significant across all outcomes. Teachers with prior AI education or seminar participation had higher Interaction, Widespread Effect, and Total AI scores. Age was negatively associated with Interaction and Widespread Effect, whereas weekly course hours were positively associated with Anxiety. The regression models explained 14.1%–28.7% of the variance, with predictor effects varying by outcome.

Conclusion: AI-related perceptions among physical education and sports teachers were associated with prior professional development in AI and selected teacher characteristics. These findings highlight the potential value of sustained, discipline-specific AI education in promoting responsible and pedagogically appropriate engagement with AI in educational practice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Interaction
• Artificial Intelligence Anxiety
• Perceived Widespread Effects
• Psychometric Properties
• Teacher Professional Development

Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenlerinin Yapay Zekâya İlişkin Algıları: Ağrı İli Örneği

Öz

Amaç: Bu kesitsel araştırmada, beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenlerinin yapay zekâ (YZ) ile etkileşim, YZ’nin yaygın etkisine ilişkin algıları, YZ kaygısı ve genel YZ algıları incelenmiş; bu sonuç değişkenlerinin seçilmiş demografik ve mesleki özelliklerle ilişkisi değerlendirilmiştir.

Yöntem: Araştırmaya Türkiye’nin Ağrı ilinde görev yapan 115 beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni katılmıştır. YZ ile ilişkili sonuç değişkenleri, 25 maddelik Yapay Zekâ Ölçeği kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ölçeğin iç tutarlılığı Cronbach alfa ve McDonald omega katsayılarıyla, faktörlenebilirliği ise Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) ölçütü ve Bartlett küresellik testi ile incelenmiştir. Gruplar arası farklılıklar, değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler ve düzeltilmiş ilişkiler sırasıyla Welch t testi, Spearman korelasyon analizi ve HC3 regresyon modelleri ile değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Ölçeğin tüm alt boyutları ve toplam puanı yüksek iç tutarlılık göstermiştir (Cronbach’s α = .872–.913; McDonald’s ω = .873–.918) ve faktörlenebilirlik yeterli bulunmuştur (KMO = .836; Bartlett’s χ² (300) = 1707.68, p <.001). Tüm sonuç değişkenlerinde cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılıklar saptanmıştır. Daha önce yapay zekâ eğitimi veya seminerine katılan öğretmenler, Etkileşim, Yaygın Etki ve Toplam YZ puanlarında daha yüksek değerlere sahip olmuştur. Yaş, Etkileşim ve Yaygın Etki ile negatif; haftalık ders saati ise Kaygı ile pozitif ilişki göstermiştir. Regresyon modelleri sonuç değişkenlerindeki varyansın %14,1–%28,7’sini açıklamış; yordayıcı değişkenlerin etkilerinin sonuç değişkenine göre farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenlerinin YZ’ye ilişkin algıları, daha önce alınan YZ alanındaki mesleki eğitimler ve seçilmiş öğretmen özellikleri ile ilişkilidir. Bulgular, eğitim uygulamalarında yapay zekânın sorumlu ve pedagojik açıdan uygun kullanımını desteklemek amacıyla alana özgü ve sürdürülebilir YZ eğitimlerinin potansiyel önemine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Etkileşim
• Yapay Zekâ Kaygısı
• Algılanan Yaygın Etki
• Psikometrik Özellikler
• Öğretmenlerin Mesleki Gelişimi

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