Enerji Bağımlılığı ve Ekonomik Büyüme

Öz

Avrupa ekonomilerinin enerji arzındaki dışa bağımlılığı, bölgenin önemli sorunlarından biridir. Avrupa Komitesi ve Dünya Bankası’nın iklim politikalarında, enerji kaynaklarının yenilenebilir enerjiler kullanılması ile çeşitlendirilmesi esas alınmaktadır. Enerji üretim için ana girdilerdendir ve ekonomik büyüme için elzemdir. Bu çalışma, konuya farklı bir açıdan bakarak enerjinin verimli kullanılmasının bölge ekonomilerine etkisini gözlemlemiştir. GMM metodu kullanılarak 1990-2015 yılları arasında 49 Avrupa ve Milletler Topluluğu ülkeleri ekonomisinin büyümesinde enerji verimliliğinin etkisi tahmin edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmaya göre verimlilik göz önüne alındığında enerji ithalatçısı olmanın ekonomik büyümeye etkisi neredeyse sıfıra yaklaşmıştır. Verimlilik kontrol edildiğinde enerji tüketiminin büyümeye etkisi 10 katına kadar artmaktadır, çalışma sonuçları istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ekonomik Büyüme,Enerji,Avrupa,Panel Analizi,Enerji Bağımlılığı

Energy Dependence and Economic Growth

Abstract

European economies’ dependence on imported energy supply is one of the main problems of the region within the last 50 years. European Commission along with the World Bank emphasizes the importance of the diversification of the energy sources to renewable energy through the Climate Policies. This paper focuses on the possible solution of energy supply dependence of the region through the use of energy productively. Energy is one of the leading inputs in production and essential for the economic growth. The attempt in this paper is to examine how much of use of energy efficiently in production would effect this relationship. Standardized General Methods of Movements method is used for econometric analysis for the 1990-2015 period for 49 European and Commonwealth countries. Findings in this study suggests that, when controlled for productivity being an importer does not affect the economic performance of these countries. Further, energy productivity by itself significantly improves the economic performance.

Keywords

• Economic Growth,Energy,Europe,Panel Analysis,Energy Dependence

Kaynakça

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