Romatoid artrite güncel beslenme yaklaşımları

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı romatoid artritli hastalarda beslenme tedavisi uygulanması ve bunun sonucunda görülen etkilerini araştırmak ve değerlendirmektir. Romatoid artrit çoğunlukla 40 yaş üstü bireylerde, özellikle küçük eklemlerde görülen otoimmün bir hastalıktır. Romatoid artrit, bizim ülkemizde dahil olmak üzere birçok ülkede görülen ve zamanla artmaktadır. Bu hastalık Amerikan Romatoloji Derneği tarafından yayınlanan tanı kriterlerini karşılaması ile bir doktora gidip teşhis konulduktan sonra ilaç ve beslenme tedavilerine başlanılmaktadır. Ayrıca romatoid artrit hastalığını etkileyen faktörler arasında birçoğu da beslenme ile ilişkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Romatoid artrit hastalarında özellikle antioksidanlardan zengin beslenme önerilmekle beraber bu hastalarda vitamin ve mineral takviyelerine de dikkat edilmelidir. Bununla beraber henüz kesin kanıtlara varılmasa da omega-3 yağ asitlerinin romatoid artrite iyi geldiği görülmüştür. Bu yüzden omega-3 yağ asidinden zengin bir beslenme düzeni de tavsiye edilmektedir. Romatoid artrit hastalığına yönelik en çok uygulanan diyetler arasında; akdeniz diyeti, eliminasyon, vegan ve vejetaryen diyetleri bulunmaktadır. Uygulanan diyet tedavilerinin araştırma sonuçlarına göre çoğu olumlu sonuçlanmakla beraber henüz kesin kanılara varılamamıştır. Genel olarak beslenme tedavisinin romatoid artrit hastalarında eklem ağrıları azalttığı ve şişmeleri indirdiği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak romatoid artrit hastalarının düzenli beslenmesi, hastaya uygun diyetler tavsiye edilmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• romatoid artrit
• risk faktörleri
• beslenme tedavisi
• diyet

Current nutritional approaches on rheumatoid arthritis

Öz

The aim of this study is to investigate and evaluate the application of nutritional therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and its effects observed as a result. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that mostly occurs in people >40 years of age, especially in small joints. Rheumatoid arthritis is seen in many countries, including in our country, and is increasing over time. This disease meets the diagnostic criteria published by the American Society of Rheumatology, and after going to a doctor and being diagnosed, medication and nutritional treatments are started. Both genetic and environmental factors play an important role in the formation of rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, among the factors affecting rheumatoid arthritis disease, many of them have been found to have a relationship with nutrition. Although a diet rich in antioxidants is recommended especially for rheumatoid arthritis patients, attention should also be paid to vitamin and mineral supplements in these patients. However, although no definitive evidence has been reached yet, it has been found that omega-3 fatty acids are good for rheumatoid arthritis. For this reason, a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids is also recommended. Among the most commonly applied diets for Rheumatoid Arthritis disease; Mediterranean diet, Elimination, Vegan and Vegetarian are included. According to the research results of the applied dietary treatments, most of them have positive results, but definite conclusions have not yet been reached. In general, nutritional therapy has been found to reduce joint pain and reduce swelling in rheumatoid arthritis patients. As a result, rheumatoid arthritis patients should be fed regularly, appropriate diets should be recommended to the patient, and despite joint pain, they should not lack physical activity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• rheumatoid arthritis
• risk factors
• nutritional therapy
• diet

Kaynakça

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