Krono-beslenme depresyon riskini etkiler mi?

Öz

Vücudun biyolojik saati olarak bilinen sirkadiyen ritim, canlıların yaklaşık 24 saatlik bir döngü içinde biyolojik aktivitelerinin düzenlenmesidir. Bireylerin aktivite ve dinlenme tercihlerini etkileyen sirkadiyen ritimlerinde meydana gelen farklılıklar “kronotip” kavramının ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. İnsanlar sabahçıl, akşamcıl ve ara tip kronotiplere göre çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Diyetin içeriğinin yanında aydınlık-karanlık döngüsü içirişinde beslenme zamanlaması, metabolik ve psikolojik sağlık için oldukça önemlidir. Yapılan çalışmalarda sirkadiyen ritimdeki bozulmaların uyku bozukluklarının etkilemesinin yanında depresyon gibi psikolojik bozukluklara yol açabileceği öne sürülmektedir. Bu veriler beslenme döngüsünün organizma üzerindeki etkilerini araştıran bir alan olan krono-beslenmeye dikkat çekmektedir. Fakat ülkemizde krono-beslenme ve depresyon üzerine yapılan çalışmalar sınırlı olup yapılan çalışmaların çoğunluğu da akşam kronotipinin yol açtığı total enerji tüketimde artış ve düşük diyet kalitesi gibi olumsuz sağlık sonuçlarıyla ilişkilidir. Bu nedenle bu derlemede, kronotiplere göre depresyon gelişme riski ve krono-beslenme ile depresyon arasındaki ilişkinin literatür ışığında açıklanması amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• beslenme davranışı
• sirkadiyen ritim
• depresyon

Do chronotypes affect the risk of depression?

Öz

The circadian rhythm, known as the body’s biological clock, regulates biological activities in living organisms over an approximately 24-hour cycle. Variations in these circadian rhythms, which influence individuals’ activity and rest preferences, have led to the emergence of the concept of “chronotype”. Humans vary according to morning, evening, and intermediate type chronotypes.In addition to the content of the diet, the timing of nutrition within the light-dark cycle is extremely important for metabolic and psychological health. Studies suggest that disruptions in circadian rhythms can lead to psychological disorders such as depression, in addition to affecting sleep disorders. These data draw attention to Chrono-nutrition, a field that investigates the effects of the feeding cycle on the organism. However, studies on chrono-nutrition and depression in our country are limited, and most of the studies are associated with negative health outcomes such as increased total energy consumption and low diet quality caused by the evening chronotype. Therefore, in this review, it is aimed to explain the risk of developing depression according to chronotypes and the relationship between chrono-nutrition and depression in light of of the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• dietary habits behavior
• circadian rhythm
• depression

Kaynakça

1. Muscogiuri G, Barrea L, Aprano S, Framondi L, Di Matteo R, Laudisio D, et al. Chronotype and adherence to the mediterranean diet in obesity: results from the opera prevention project. Nutrients. 2020;12(5):1354.
2. Kandeger A, Selvi Y, Tanyer DK. The effects of individual circadian rhythm differences on insomnia, impulsivity, and food addiction. Eat Weight Disord. 2019;24:47-55.
3. Almoosawi S, Vingeliene S, Gachon F, Voortman T, Palla L, Johnston JD, et al. Chronotype: implications for epidemiologic studies on chrono-nutrition and cardiometabolic health. Adv Nutr. 2019;10(1):30-42.
4. Coltell O, Alvarez-Sala A, Gimenez-Alba I, De La Camara E, Fernandez-Carrion R, Sorli J, et al. The Eveningness Chronotype and Lower Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Are Associated With Depressive Symptoms in Older Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome. Curr Dev Nutr. 2021;5:5140901.
5. Dinu M, Lotti S, Napoletano A, Corrao A, Pagliai G, Tristan Asensi M, et al. Association between Psychological Disorders, Mediterranean Diet, and Chronotype in a Group of Italian Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;20(1):335.
6. Eid B, Bou Saleh M, Melki I, Torbey PH, Najem J, Saber M, et al. Evaluation of chronotype among children and associations with BMI, sleep, anxiety, and depression. Front Neurol. 2020;11:416.
7. Hawley JA, Sassone-Corsi P, Zierath JR. Chrono-nutrition for the prevention and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes: from mice to men. Diabetologia. 2020;63:2253-9.
8. Kris-Etherton PM, Petersen KS, Hibbeln JR, Hurley D, Kolick V, Peoples S, et al. Nutrition and behavioral health disorders: depression and anxiety. Nutr Rev. 2021;79(3):247-60.

9. López‐Soto PJ, Fabbian F, Cappadona R, Zucchi B, Manfredini F, Garcia-Arcos A, et al. Chronotype, nursing activity, and gender: A systematic review. IJANS. 2019;75(4):734-48.
10. Makarem N, Paul J, Giardina EGV, Liao M, Aggarwal B. Evening chronotype is associated with poor cardiovascular health and adverse health behaviors in a diverse population of women. Chronobiol Int. 2020;37(5):673-85.
11. Tan X, Ciuculete DM, Schiöth HB, Benedict C. Associations between chronotype, MTNR1B genotype and risk of type 2 diabetes in UK Biobank. J Int Med. 2020;287(2):189-96.
12. Lotti S, Pagliai G, Colombini B, Sofi F, Dinu M. Chronotype differences in energy intake, cardiometabolic risk parameters, cancer, and depression: a systematic review with meta-analysis of observational studies. Adv Nutr. 2022;13(1):269-281.
13. Franzago M, Alessandrelli E, Notarangelo S, Stuppia L, Vitacolonna E. Chrono-Nutrition: Circadian Rhythm and Personalized Nutrition. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(3):2571.
14. Kelly RM, Finn J, Healy U, Gallen D, Sreenan S, McDermott JH, et al. Greater social jetlag associates with higher HbA1c in adults with type 2 diabetes: a cross sectional study. Sleep Med. 2020;66:1-9.
15. Bauducco S, Richardson C, Gradisar M. Chronotype, circadian rhythms and mood. Curr Opin Psychol. 2020;34:77-83.
16. Michels KA, Mendola P, Schliep KC, Yeung EH, Ye A, Dunietz GL, et al. The influences of sleep duration, chronotype, and nightwork on the ovarian cycle. Chronobiol Int. 2020;37(2):260-71.
17. Taillard J, Sagaspe P, Philip P, Bioulac S. Sleep timing, chronotype and social jetlag: Impact on cognitive abilities and psychiatric disorders. Biochem. Pharm. 2021;191:114438.
18. Henderson SE, Brady EM, Robertson N. Associations between social jetlag and mental health in young people: A systematic review. Chronobiol Int. 2019;36(10):1316-33.
19. Müller MJ, Haag A. The concept of chronotypes and its clinical importance for depressive disorders. Int J Psychıatry Med. 2018;53(3):224-40.
20. Sutaria S, Devakumar D, Yasuda SS, Das S, Saxena S. Is obesity associated with depression in children? Systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2019;104(1):64-74.
21. Flanagan A, Bechtold DA, Pot GK, Johnston JD. Chrono‐nutrition: from molecular and neuronal mechanisms to human epidemiology and timed feeding patterns. J Neurochem. 2021;157(1):53-72.
22. Katsi V, Papakonstantinou IP, Soulaidopoulos S, Katsiki N, Tsioufis K. Chrononutrition in cardiometabolic health. J Clin Med. 2022;11(2):296.
23. Mirghani HO. The cross talk between chronotype, depression symptomatology, and glycaemic control among sudanese patients with diabetes mellitus: A case-control study. J Family Med Prim Care. 2022;11(1):330.
24. Brückmann KF, Hennig J, Müller MJ, Fockenberg S, Schmidt AM, Cabanel N, et al. Influence of chronotype on daily mood fluctuations: pilot study in patients with depression. BJPsych Open. 2020;6(2):17.
25. Randler C, Engelke J. Gender differences in chronotype diminish with age: a meta-analysis based on morningness/chronotype questionnaires. Chronobiol Int Chronobiol Int. 2019;36(7): 888-905.
26. Rodríguez-Cortés FJ, Morales-Cané I, Rodríguez-Muñoz PM, Cappadona R, De Giorgi A, Manfredini R, et al. Individual circadian preference, eating disorders and obesity in children and adolescents: a dangerous liaison? a systematic review and a meta-analysis. Children. 2022;9(2):167.
27. Henry CJ, Kaur B, Quek RYC. Chrononutrition in the management of diabetes. Nutr Diabetes. 2020;10(1):6.
28. Bodur M, Bidar ŞN, Yardimci H. Effect of chronotype on diet and sleep quality in healthy female students: Night lark versus early bird. Food Sci Nutr. 2021;51(7):1138-49.
29. Saidi O, Rochette E, Bovet M, Merlin E, Duché P. Acute intense exercise improves sleep and decreases next morning consumption of energy‐dense food in adolescent girls with obesity and evening chronotype. Pediatr Obes. 2020;15(6):12613.
30. Yu BYM, Yeung WF, Ho YS, Ho FYY, Chung KF, Lee RLT, et al. Associations between the chronotypes and eating habits of Hong Kong school-aged children. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(7):2583.
31. Najem J, Saber M, Aoun C, El Osta N, Papazian T, Khabbaz LR. Prevalence of food addiction and association with stress, sleep quality and chronotype: A cross-sectional survey among university students. Clin Nutr. 2020;39(2):533-9.
32. Kayacan AG, Tokay A. Evaluation of the relationship between chronotype and biochemical findings, nutrition and gastrointestinal symptoms in inflammatory bowel patients. Sleep Med. 2021;81:358-64.
33. Rodríguez-Muñoz PM, Carmona-Torres JM, Rivera-Picón C, Fabbian F, Manfredini R, Rodríguez-Muñoz MA, et al. Associations between chronotype, adherence to the Mediterranean diet and sexual opinion among university students. Nutrients. 2020;12(6):1900.
34. GBD 2019 Mental Disorders Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2022;9(2):137-50.
35. Zaman R, Hankir A, Jemni M. Lifestyle factors and mental health. Psychiatr Danub. 2019;31(3):217-220.
36. Nucci D, Fatigoni C, Amerio A, Odone A, Gianfredi V. Red and processed meat consumption and risk of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(18):6686.
37. Gianfredi V, Koster A, Odone A, Amerio A, Signorelli C, Schaper NC, et al. Associations of dietary patterns with incident depression: The maastricht study. Nutrients. 2021;13(3):1034.
38. Akram U, Stevenson JC, Gardani M, Akram, A, Allen S. Psychopathy and chronotype disposition: the mediating role of depression. Heliyon. 2019;5(11): 02894.
39. Kim KM, Han SM, Heo K, Kim WJ, Chu MK. Sex differences in the association between chronotype and risk of depression. Scientific Reports. 2020;10(1):1-9.
40. Aoun C, Nassar L, Soumi S, El Osta N, Papazian T, Rabbaa Khabbaz L. The cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects of eating habits and association with impulsivity, chronotype, anxiety, and depression: A cross-sectional study. Front Behav Neurosci. 2019;13:204.