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Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form
Öz
Objective: The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form, developed within the scope of this study, is a novel and psychometrically robust instrument designed to assess social appearance anxiety in adolescents aged 12-18 years.The scale aims to support researchers, mental health professionals, and practitioners in related fields by providing a developmentally appropriate, reliable, and valid tool.
Material and Metods:The scale development process consisted of several stages, including content validity, construct validity, convergent and discriminant validity, reliability analyses, confirmation of the factor structure, and test–retest reliability. Data were collected via Google Forms from 605 adolescents with diverse sociocultural backgrounds (EFA: n = 305; CFA: n = 300).
Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a two factor structure comprising 12 items, explaining 76.3% of the total variance. The overall reliability of the scale was found to be excellent (Cronbach’s α = .95; Guttman Split Half = .96; McDonald’s Omega ω = .96).
The first factor, evaluation anxiety, reflects adolescents’ anxiety related to how others evaluate their physical appearance. This factor consists of six items and explains 64.6% of the variance (Cronbach’s α = .94; Guttman = .93; ω = .90). The second factor, social avoidance, represents avoidance of social situations and emotional distress stemming from appearance related concerns. This factor also includes six items and accounts for 11.7% of the variance (Cronbach’s α = .94; Guttman = .93; ω = .93).
The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form is a 5 point Likert type scale ranging from 0 (Never) to 4 (Always). No items are reverse scored. The total raw score ranges from 0 to 48 and must be standardized to a 0–100 scale in accordance with the scoring guidelines. Higher scores indicate higher levels of social appearance anxiety.
Conclusion: Overall, the results demonstrate that the Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing social appearance anxiety among adolescents.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
No financial support was received from any institution for this study.
Etik Beyan
Ethical approval was obtained from the Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee of Artvin Çoruh University Rectorate in order to develop the measurement tool within Turkish culture (Document Date and Number: 13.03.2025-171765).
Teşekkür
We thank the adolescents who volunteered to participate in the study.
Kaynakça
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- Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16, 74–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723327
- Boateng, G. O., Neilands, T. B., Frongillo, E. A., Melgar-Quiñonez, H. R., & Young, S. L. (2018). Best practices for developing and validating scales for health, social, and behavioral research: A primer. Frontiers in Public Health, 6, 149. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00149
- Boursier, V., Gioia, F., & Griffiths, M. D. (2020). Do selfie-expectancies and social appearance anxiety predict adolescents’ problematic social media use? Computers in Human Behavior, 110, 106395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106395
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı (12. b.). Pegem Academy.
- Crocker, L., & Algina, J. (2008). Introduction to classical and modern test theory. Cengage Learning.
- Comrey, A. L. & Lee, H. B. (1992). A First Course in Factor Analysis. New Jersey, NJ: Hillsdale Erlbaum.
- DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Scale development: Theory and applications (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği, Ruh Sağlığı Hemşireliği
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yayımlanma Tarihi
27 Ekim 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
12 Mayıs 2026
Kabul Tarihi
27 Ağustos 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3
APA
Tekcan, P., & Kanbay, Y. (2026). Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form. Current Research in Health Sciences, 3(3), 122-128. https://doi.org/10.62425/crihs.1949553
AMA
1.Tekcan P, Kanbay Y. Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form. Curr Res Health Sci. 2026;3(3):122-128. doi:10.62425/crihs.1949553
Chicago
Tekcan, Pınar, ve Yalçın Kanbay. 2026. “Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form”. Current Research in Health Sciences 3 (3): 122-28. https://doi.org/10.62425/crihs.1949553.
EndNote
Tekcan P, Kanbay Y (01 Ekim 2026) Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form. Current Research in Health Sciences 3 3 122–128.
IEEE
[1]P. Tekcan ve Y. Kanbay, “Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form”, Curr Res Health Sci, c. 3, sy 3, ss. 122–128, Eki. 2026, doi: 10.62425/crihs.1949553.
ISNAD
Tekcan, Pınar - Kanbay, Yalçın. “Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form”. Current Research in Health Sciences 3/3 (01 Ekim 2026): 122-128. https://doi.org/10.62425/crihs.1949553.
JAMA
1.Tekcan P, Kanbay Y. Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form. Curr Res Health Sci. 2026;3:122–128.
MLA
Tekcan, Pınar, ve Yalçın Kanbay. “Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form”. Current Research in Health Sciences, c. 3, sy 3, Ekim 2026, ss. 122-8, doi:10.62425/crihs.1949553.
Vancouver
1.Pınar Tekcan, Yalçın Kanbay. Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Sirya Social Appearance Anxiety Scale – Adolescent Form. Curr Res Health Sci. 01 Ekim 2026;3(3):122-8. doi:10.62425/crihs.1949553