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Avrupa’da Refah Devleti Çözünürken Uluslararası Göç ve Yeni Sağın Yükselişi: İsveç ve Almanya Örnekleri

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 61, 941 - 974, 01.01.2019

Öz

Makale, refah devletinin tarihsel gelişimi ile küreselleşme arasındaki bağlamsal ilişkiyi ortaya koyarak, Avrupa özelinde ekonomik krizlerle çok kültürcülükten aşırı sağa savrulan siyasal söylem ile refah devleti ve uluslararası göç arasındaki ilişkiyi görünür kılmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma öncelikle refah devletinin tarihsel gelişimi ve küreselleşme arasındaki bağlantıları kuracak, ardından üretimin esnekleştiği, sermayenin serbest dolaşımının arttığı ve tüketimin küreselleştiği günümüzde refah devleti tartışmasında yaşanan ideolojik ve kavramsal kaymayı belirleyecek, ardından uluslararası göçün refah devletine olan somut etkileri ve refah devleti ve göç politikası arasındaki ilişkiyi tartışacaktır. Bu tartışmaya somut örnek olarak göç alan ve sırasıyla sosyal demokrat ve muhafazakâr refah devletleri rejimlerine örnek olarak gösterilen İsveç ve Almaya örneklerinde refah devleti, göç politikası ve sağın yükselişi incelenecektir. Sonuçta aşırı sağ söylemin, refah devletinin küçülmesi ile güvencesizleşen kitlelerin değişim isteği ile neoliberal söylem içinde bu isteği dile getirecek ideolojik ve kavramsal kısıtlarının çakışması içinde geliştiği savlanacaktır.

Kaynakça

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  • Avrupa Konseyi, (2002b) On The Strengthening Of The Penal Framework To Prevent The Facilitation Of Unauthorised Entry, Transit And Residence. Council Framework Decision of 28 November 2002
  • Avrupa Konseyi (2004) On The Organisation Of Joint Flights For Removals From The Territory Of Two Or More Member States, Of Third-Country Nationals Who Are Subjects Of Individual Removal Orders. Council Decision of 29 April 2004.
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International Migration and Rise of the New Right in the Era of Shrinking of Welfare State in Europe: Examples of Sweden and Germany

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 61, 941 - 974, 01.01.2019

Öz

This study aims to reveal the relation between welfare state, international migration and political discourse that has been shifted from multi-culturalizm to far right. It reviews the historical relations between welfare state, capitalism and globalisation, ascertain the relations between the contemporary ideological shift and flexible production, capital mobility and globalization of consumption. After discussing the effects of international migration on welfare state and relations between welfare state and migration policy, it will focus on two immigration countries Sweden and Germany as examples of social democrat and conservative welfare state models respectively. The study concludes by discussing the rise of far right movements in relation to shrinking of welfare states and precarization of masses, and conceptual limitation of neoliberal discourse for defining people’s demand for change.

Kaynakça

  • Abiri, E. (2000) “Migration and Security From a North-South Perspective”, D. T. Graham, ve N. K. Poku (Der.) Migration, Globalization and Human Security, Londra:Routledge.
  • Andersen, J. G. ve Bjİrklund, T., (1990) “Structural changes and new cleavages: The progress parties in Denmark and Norway”, Acta Sociologica, 33(1), 195–217.
  • Arts, W. ve Gelissen, J. (2002) “Three worlds of welfare capitalism or more? A state-of-the-art report”, Journal of European Social Policy, 12(2),137-158.
  • Ataay, F., (2007) Neoliberalizm ve Devletin Yeniden Yapılanması: Türkiye’de kamu reformu üzerine incelemeler, Ankara: DeKi Yayınları.Atasü- Topçuoğlu, R. (2012) “Düzensiz Göç: Küresellşemede Kısıtlanan İnsan Hareketliliği”, Ihlamur-Öner, G. ve Öner, A. (Der.) Küresellşeme Çağında Göç: Kavramlar, Tartışmalar, İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Atasü-Topcuoğlu, R. (2009) “Kadın Emeği Nasıl Değersizleşir? Enformel Alan ve Ataerkilliğin Eklemlenme Mekanizmaları: Bilinçli Saklama ve Saklayarak Değersizleştirme”, Praksis, 20,ss. 87-104
  • Atasü-Topcuoğlu, R. (2017) “Göç yazınındaki düzenli/düzensiz göç kavramları: insan hakları temelinde bir kavramsal sorgulama”, İnsan Hakları Yıllığı, cilt34, 1-20.
  • Avrupa Konseyi (2001) On The Mutual Recognition Of Decisions On The Expulsion Of Third Country Nationals. Council Directive 2001/40/EC of 28 May 2001.
  • Avrupa Konseyi, (2002a) Defining The Facilitation Of Unauthorised Entry, Transit And Residence. Council Directive 2002/90/EC of 28 November 2002
  • Avrupa Konseyi, (2002b) On The Strengthening Of The Penal Framework To Prevent The Facilitation Of Unauthorised Entry, Transit And Residence. Council Framework Decision of 28 November 2002
  • Avrupa Konseyi (2004) On The Organisation Of Joint Flights For Removals From The Territory Of Two Or More Member States, Of Third-Country Nationals Who Are Subjects Of Individual Removal Orders. Council Decision of 29 April 2004.
  • Avrupa Konseyi (2007) Establishing The European Return Fund For The Period 2008 To 2013 As Part Of The General Programme ‘Solidarity And Management Of Migration Flows’ . Decision No 575/2007/Ec Of The European Parliament And Of The Council of 23 May 2007
  • Avrupa Konseyi (2008) On Common Standards And Procedures In Member States For Returning Illegally Staying Third-Country Nationals. Directive 2008/115/Ec Of The European Parliament And Of The Council Of 16 December 2008
  • Bade, K., J. (2012) “Migration, Integration und Integrationspolitik in Deutschland”, Marxer W. Ve Russo M. (Der.) Liechtenstein – Staerke und Vielfalt, Innsbruck: Innsbruck University Press.
  • Balcı, A. (2008) Kamu Yönetiminde Çağdaş Yaklaşımlar, Sorunlar, Tartışmalar, Çözüm Önerileri, Modeller, Dünya ve Türkiye Yansımaları, İstanbul: Seçkin Yayıncılık .
  • Baldwin-Edwards, M. (1999) “Where Free Markets Reign: Aliens in the Twilight Zone”, M. Baldwin-Edwards ve J. Arango (Der.) Immigrants and the Informal Economy in Southern Europe, Londra: Frank Cass.
  • Bay, A. H., Finseraas, H. ve Pedersen, A. (2013), “Welfare dualism in two scandinavian welfare states: Public opinion and party politics”,West European Politics, 36(1),199–220.
  • Best, H., Niehoff, S., Salheiser, A., ve Vogel, L. (2016). Gemischte Gefühle: Thüringen nach der “Flüchtlingskrise” - Ergebnisse des Thüringen- Monitors 2016. Thüringen: Thüringer Staatskanzlei.
  • Beveridge, W. (1942) Social and Allied Services, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2560775/pdf/10916922. pdf (01.10.2018). Boeri, T. (2006), “Migration Policy and the Welfare State”, the Reinventing the Welfare State Conference, 26-27April, Tilburg .
  • Borevi, K. (2012) “Sweden – the flagship of multiculturalism” G. Brochmann ve A. Hagelund, (Der.),Immigration policy and the Scandinavian welfare state 1945–2010,Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Borevi, K. (2014) “Multiculturalism and welfare state integration: Swedish model path dependency”, Identities, 21 (6),708-723.
  • Carr, M., Chen, A. M. Ve Tate, J. (2000) “Globalization and Home-based Workers”, Feminist Economics, 6(3), 123-142.
  • Castles, S. (2004) “The factors that make and unmake migration policies”, International Migration Review, 38(3),852-884.
  • Chapkins, W. (2003) “Trafficking, migration and the new law, protecting innocents, punishing immigrants”, Gender and Society, 17(6), 923-937.
  • Chernillo, D.A. (2007) A Social Theory on Nation State: the political forms of modernity beyond methodological nationalism, New York: Routledge.
  • Cohen, S. (2007) “From a worker to a slave”, Global Social Policy, 7(1), 14- 17.
  • Davis, O., & Geiger, B. (2017) “Did Food Insecurity rise across Europe after the 2008 Crisis? An analysis across welfare regimes”, Social Policy and Society, 16(3), 343-360.
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  • Kupsky A.(2017)“History and changes of Swedish migration policy”, Journal of Geography, Politics and Society, 7(3), 50–56
  • Kurthen, H. (1998) “Fiscal Impacts of Immigration on the American and German Welfare States”, H. Kurthen, J. Fijalkowski ve G. G. Wagner (Der.) Immigration, Citizenship and the Welfare State in Germany and the United States, Part A: Immigrant Incorporation. Stamford, CT: JAI Press.
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  • Leibfried, S. (1992) “Towards a European Welfare Satte? On Integrating Poverty Regimes in to the Euroepan Community”, Zsuzsa Ferge ve Jon Eivind Kolberg (Der) Social Policy in a Changing Europe, Frankfurt: Campus Verlag.
  • Lesinska, M. (2014) “The European Backlash against immigration and multiculturalism”, Journal of Sociology, 50(1), 2014, s. 37-59.
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  • Wallerstein, I. (2004) World System Analysis: an Introduction, North Carolina: Duke University Press.
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  • Yeates, N. (2005) “The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS): What's in it For Social Security?”, International Social Security Review, 58(1), 3-22.
Toplam 95 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Reyhan Atasü –topcuoğlu Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 61

Kaynak Göster

APA Atasü –topcuoğlu, R. (2019). Avrupa’da Refah Devleti Çözünürken Uluslararası Göç ve Yeni Sağın Yükselişi: İsveç ve Almanya Örnekleri. Çalışma Ve Toplum, 2(61), 941-974.
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