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Görülmek İstenmeyen Gerçek: Sosyal Refah Politikaları ve Demokrasi İlişkisi

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 5, 27 - 60, 01.01.2005

Prof. Dr. Meryem Koray

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aktay, Y. (2004), “Kendi ‘Merkez’inde, AKP, İslâmcılık ve Meşruiyet”, Birikim, Mayıs.
  • Barber, Benjamin R (2000); “Can Democracy Survive Globalization?”, Government and Opposition, Summer, Cilt 35 (3).
  • Barry, N. (1999) Welfare, Open University Press, London.
  • Beck, U. (1997), What is Globalization?, Polity Pres, Cambridge.
  • Belge, M. (1992), “Sol”, Geçiş Sürecinde Türkiye, der. İ.C. Schick ve E. A. Tonak, Belge Yay. İstanbul.
  • Boratav, K.(2003), Türkiye İktisat Tarihi, 7. Baskı, İmge Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Bradley, D; Huber E; Moller, S; Nielsen, F; Stephens, J.D; (2003), “Democracy, Income Distribution, Political Science, Welfare”, World Politics, Baltimore, 55 (2).
  • Buğra, A. (1995), Devlet ve İşadamları, İletişim Yay. İstanbul
  • Clark, I. (1997), Globalization and Fragmentation, Oxford University Pres.
  • Dahl, R.A. (1992), “Why Free Markets Are Not Enough”, Journal of Democracy, Vol. 3, No 3, July.
  • Dereli, T. (1975), Aydınlar, Sendika Hareketi ve Endüstriyel İlişkiler Sistemi, İ.Ü. İktisat Fakültesi, İstanbul.
  • EC (2001), Perceptions of the European Union-Summary of the Results, Study by OPTEM, S.A.R.I. for the European Commission, Brusells.
  • EC (2001), The Social Situation in the European Union, European Commission, Brussels.
  • EC (2001), Employment and Social Affairs, European Commission, Brussels.
  • Erder, N. (1996), Türkiye’de Siyasi Parti Seçmenlerinin Nitelikleri, Kimlikleri ve Eğilimleri, TÜSES Yy. İstanbul.
  • Erder, N. (1999), Türkiye’de Siyasi Parti Seçmenleri ve Toplum Düzeni, TÜSES Yay. İstanbul.
  • Esping-Andersen, G. (1990), The Three Worlds Of Welfare Capitalism, Princeton University Press, New Jersey.
  • Esping-Andersen, G. (1997), “Towards a Post-industrial Welfare State”, Politik und Gesellschaft- International Politics and Society, (3).
  • Erooğul. C. (1992), “Çok Partili Düzenin Kuruluşu: 1945-71”, Geçiş Sürecinde Türkiye, der. İ.C. Schick ve E. A. Tonak, Belge Yay. İstanbul.
  • Falk, R. (2001), Yırtıcı Küreselleşme, Küre Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Flora, A. ve Alber, J. (1990), “Modernization, Democratization and the Development of Welfare States in Western Europe”, The Development Of Welfare States in Europe and America, (der) Flora, P. ve Heidenheimer, A.J., Transaction, London.
  • Flora, P. ve Heidenheimer A. J. (1990), “The Historical Core and Changing Boundaries of the Welfare State”, The Development Of Welfare States in Europe and America, (der) Flora, P. ve Heidenheimer, A.J. Transaction, London.
  • Furniss, N. (1986), “European Welfare States in Transition”, Western Europe in Transition: West Germany’s Role in the European Community, Nomos Verlaggesellschaft, Baden-Baden.
  • Habermas, J. (1984), “Siyasal Katılım Kendi Başına Bir Değer mi?”, Toplum ve Bilim, 27 Güz 1984; 71.
  • Habermas, J. (2001), “Why Europe Needs a Constitution”, The Left Review, 11, September-October
  • Heclo, H. (1990), “Toward a New Welfare State?”, The Development Of Welfare States in Europe and America, (der) Flora, P. ve Heidenheimer, A.J., Transaction, London.
  • Hirst P ve Thompson G. (1996), Globalization in Question, Polity Pres, Cambridge.
  • Karpat, K.H. (1996), Türk Demokrasi Tarihi-Sosyal, Ekonomik, Kültürel Temeller, Afa Yay. İstanbul.
  • Kepenek, Y. (1987), Gelişimi, Üretim Yapısı ve Sorunlarıyla Türkiye Ekonomisi, Teori Yay. Ankara.
  • Keyder, Ç. (1992), “Türkiye Demokrasisinin Ekonomi Politiği”, Geçiş Sürecinde Türkiye, der. İ.C. Schick ve E. A. Tonak, Belge Yay. İstanbul.
  • Klein, R. (1993), “O’ Goffe’s tale”, Welfare State in Europe, (der) Jones, C. Routledge Yayınları, London ve Newyork.
  • Kleinman, M. (2002). A European Welfare State?, Palgrave, London.
  • Kongar, E. (1998), 21. Yüzyılda Türkiye, Remzi Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Koray, M. (1994), Değişen Koşullarda Sendikacılık, TÜSES Yay. İstanbul.
  • Koray, M. (2002), Avrupa Toplum Modeli, TÜSES Yay. İstanbul.
  • Korpi, W. Ve Palme, J.(2003), “New Politics and Class Politics in the Context of Austerity and Globaliziton: Welfare State Regress in 18 Countries 1975-95”, American Political Science Review, 97 (3).
  • Korpi, W. (2003), “ Welfare State in Regress in Western Europe Politics”, Annual Review of Sociology, 29.
  • Lendvai, N.(2004), The Weakist Link? EU Accession and enlargement: dialoguing EU and post-communist social policy”, Journal of European Social Policy, 14 (3).
  • Liebfried, S.(1993), “Towards a European WelfareState?”, New Perspectives on the Welfare State in Europe,(der) Jones, C., Routledge, London.
  • Liebfried S.; Pierson P. (1995), “Semisovereign welfare states: Social policy in a multitiered Europe”, European Social Policy: Between Fragmentation and Integration, Washington DC. Broıokings Institute.
  • Liebfried S.; Pierson P. (2000), “Social Policy”, Policy-Making in the European Union, (der) Wallace H. ve Wallace W. Oxford University Press, Newyork.
  • Makal, A. (1999), Türkiye’de Tek Partili Dönemde Çalışma İlişkileri; 1920-1946, İmge Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Mardin, Ş. (1990), Türkiye’de Toplum ve Siyaset, İletişim Yay. İstanbul.
  • McGrew, Anthony (2002), “Between Two Worlds: Europe i A Globalizing Era”, Government and Oppostion, Summer cilt 37 (3).
  • Mishra, R. (1993), “Social Policy in Postmodern World”, New Perspectives on the Welfare State in Europe,(der) Jones,C., Routledge, London.
  • Mishra, R. (1998), “Beyond the Nation State: Social Policy in an Age of Globalization”, Social Policy and Administration, 32 (5).
  • Mishra, R. (2001), “Alternatives to Neoliberalism: Change and choice in welfare globalization”, http://www.richis.org/healh/2001/sp091340.pfd.
  • Palier, B. ve Sykes, R (2001), “Challenges and Change: Issues and Perspectives in the Analysis of Globalization and the European Welfare States”, Globalization and Erupean Welfare States, (der), Sykes, R.; Palier, B.; Prior, P.M., Palgrave, Hampshire.
  • Petrella, R. (1996), “Globalization and internationalization. The dynamics of emerging world order” State Against Markets: The Limits of Globalization, der. R. Boyer ve D. Drache, London; Routledge.
  • Petras, J. (2003), Küreselleşme ve İmparatorluk, Cosmopolitik Kitaplığı, İstanbul.
  • Pierson, P. ve Liebfried, S (1998), “Welfare state limits to globalization”, Politics and Society, 26 (4).
  • Pierson, P. (2000), “Three Worlds of Welfare State Resarch”, Comparative Political Stuudies, 33 (6-7).
  • Pierson, P. (2001), “Globalization and The End of Social Democracy”, Australian Journal of Politics and History, 47 (4).
  • Polanyi, K. (2000), Büyük Dönüşüm, İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Przeworski, A. (1991), Capitalism and Social Democracy, Cambridge University Press,
  • Rhodes, M. (1996) “Globalization And West European Welfare States: A Critical Review Of Recent Debates”, Journal Of European Social Policy, 6 (4).
  • Sarıbay, A. Y. (2000), “Türkiye’de Demokrasi ve Sivil Toplum”, Global Yerel Eksende Türkiye, der. E. F. Keyman ve A.Y. Sarıbay, Alfa Yay. İstanbul.
  • Saybaşılı, K. (1996), “Refah-Yol Hükümeti, Kuşatma ve Demokrasi”, Sosyal Demokrat Değişim, Kasım-Aralık
  • Schedler, A. (1997), “Introduction: Antipolitics-Closing and Colonizing The Public Sphere”, The End of Politics, Andreas Schedler (Der), Macmillan Press, UK.
  • Stevenson, T. (2002), “Globalization: Marketization and Power”, Scandanivian Political Studies, 25 (3).
  • Süerdem, A. ve Kirmanoğlu, H. (2002), “Globalleşmenin ekonomik sonuçları ve Türkiye’de aşırı sağın yükselişi”, İktisat, Kasım, (431)
  • Sülker, K. (1975), Sendikacılar ve Politika, May.Yay. İstanbul.
  • Tanör, B. (1986), İki Anayasa, Beta Basım, İstanbul.
  • Timur, T. (1992), “Osmanlı Mirası”, Geçiş Sürecinde Türkiye, der. İ.C. Schick ve E. A. Tonak, Belge Yay. İstanbul.
  • Vergin, N. (1994), “Demokrasi ve Sivil Toplum”, Yeni Türkiye, 1.
  • Vobruba, G. (2003), “Debate on the Enlargement of the European Union”, Journal of European Social Policy, 13 (1).
  • Yalçıntan, M.C. ve Erbaş, A.E. (2004), “mekân ve Siyaset”, Birikim, Mart.
  • Yeat, N. (2002), “Globalization and Social Policy”, Global Social Policy, 2 (1).
  • Wallerstein, I. (1998), Liberalizmden Sonra, Metis, İstanbul.
  • Wivel, A (2004), “The Power Politics of Peace: Exploring the Link Between Globalization and European Integration from a Realist Perspective”, Journal of the Nordic International Studies Association, 39 (1).

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 5, 27 - 60, 01.01.2005

Prof. Dr. Meryem Koray

Öz

Today there were a lot of problems in the world such as the problems of modernity, of identity and the representation crisis of democracy but at the same time we know that we live a pauperization and global/regional/social polarization in a world which is incredibly more prosperous. It is known that all these problems put politics and democratization on the agenda again. In short, the socio-economic inequalities we live can not be accounted only in the context of economy, of growth and even of welfare state that the necessity to analyze all these problems on the basis of democracy problem should not be forgotten. On the other hand, it seems more meaningful to talk about the effects that the globalization and neo-liberal policies on the abolition of the function of democracy where as they create serious questions for labor and are analyzed in this context. This article, with this apprehension, is starting to its way with the idea of re-thinking democracy and politics against the “real liberalism and real globalization” being offered us as the only choice and feels the necessity of concentrating on the relations between democracy, the perspective of political equality and socio-economic inequalities. With this approach, it starts to discuss the social model reproduces the welfare state which emerged as a result of political democracy and transformed capitalism to welfare capitalism and market to social market economy. At this point it becomes important to consider the development of social welfare as a function of political democracy rather than as a function of economic development that is to analyze welfare state as the function of state in the distribution of welfare. Secondly it is necessary to accept that the most determinant factor is the power relations in society in order for politics and democracy to perform such a function. Therefore this article on the one hand analyses the conditions creates social welfare state in Western Europe and the challenges it faces today and on the other hand tries to examine why the character of social state could not develop which had been the official characteristics of state in Turkey since 1960’s.

Kaynakça

  • Aktay, Y. (2004), “Kendi ‘Merkez’inde, AKP, İslâmcılık ve Meşruiyet”, Birikim, Mayıs.
  • Barber, Benjamin R (2000); “Can Democracy Survive Globalization?”, Government and Opposition, Summer, Cilt 35 (3).
  • Barry, N. (1999) Welfare, Open University Press, London.
  • Beck, U. (1997), What is Globalization?, Polity Pres, Cambridge.
  • Belge, M. (1992), “Sol”, Geçiş Sürecinde Türkiye, der. İ.C. Schick ve E. A. Tonak, Belge Yay. İstanbul.
  • Boratav, K.(2003), Türkiye İktisat Tarihi, 7. Baskı, İmge Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Bradley, D; Huber E; Moller, S; Nielsen, F; Stephens, J.D; (2003), “Democracy, Income Distribution, Political Science, Welfare”, World Politics, Baltimore, 55 (2).
  • Buğra, A. (1995), Devlet ve İşadamları, İletişim Yay. İstanbul
  • Clark, I. (1997), Globalization and Fragmentation, Oxford University Pres.
  • Dahl, R.A. (1992), “Why Free Markets Are Not Enough”, Journal of Democracy, Vol. 3, No 3, July.
  • Dereli, T. (1975), Aydınlar, Sendika Hareketi ve Endüstriyel İlişkiler Sistemi, İ.Ü. İktisat Fakültesi, İstanbul.
  • EC (2001), Perceptions of the European Union-Summary of the Results, Study by OPTEM, S.A.R.I. for the European Commission, Brusells.
  • EC (2001), The Social Situation in the European Union, European Commission, Brussels.
  • EC (2001), Employment and Social Affairs, European Commission, Brussels.
  • Erder, N. (1996), Türkiye’de Siyasi Parti Seçmenlerinin Nitelikleri, Kimlikleri ve Eğilimleri, TÜSES Yy. İstanbul.
  • Erder, N. (1999), Türkiye’de Siyasi Parti Seçmenleri ve Toplum Düzeni, TÜSES Yay. İstanbul.
  • Esping-Andersen, G. (1990), The Three Worlds Of Welfare Capitalism, Princeton University Press, New Jersey.
  • Esping-Andersen, G. (1997), “Towards a Post-industrial Welfare State”, Politik und Gesellschaft- International Politics and Society, (3).
  • Erooğul. C. (1992), “Çok Partili Düzenin Kuruluşu: 1945-71”, Geçiş Sürecinde Türkiye, der. İ.C. Schick ve E. A. Tonak, Belge Yay. İstanbul.
  • Falk, R. (2001), Yırtıcı Küreselleşme, Küre Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Flora, A. ve Alber, J. (1990), “Modernization, Democratization and the Development of Welfare States in Western Europe”, The Development Of Welfare States in Europe and America, (der) Flora, P. ve Heidenheimer, A.J., Transaction, London.
  • Flora, P. ve Heidenheimer A. J. (1990), “The Historical Core and Changing Boundaries of the Welfare State”, The Development Of Welfare States in Europe and America, (der) Flora, P. ve Heidenheimer, A.J. Transaction, London.
  • Furniss, N. (1986), “European Welfare States in Transition”, Western Europe in Transition: West Germany’s Role in the European Community, Nomos Verlaggesellschaft, Baden-Baden.
  • Habermas, J. (1984), “Siyasal Katılım Kendi Başına Bir Değer mi?”, Toplum ve Bilim, 27 Güz 1984; 71.
  • Habermas, J. (2001), “Why Europe Needs a Constitution”, The Left Review, 11, September-October
  • Heclo, H. (1990), “Toward a New Welfare State?”, The Development Of Welfare States in Europe and America, (der) Flora, P. ve Heidenheimer, A.J., Transaction, London.
  • Hirst P ve Thompson G. (1996), Globalization in Question, Polity Pres, Cambridge.
  • Karpat, K.H. (1996), Türk Demokrasi Tarihi-Sosyal, Ekonomik, Kültürel Temeller, Afa Yay. İstanbul.
  • Kepenek, Y. (1987), Gelişimi, Üretim Yapısı ve Sorunlarıyla Türkiye Ekonomisi, Teori Yay. Ankara.
  • Keyder, Ç. (1992), “Türkiye Demokrasisinin Ekonomi Politiği”, Geçiş Sürecinde Türkiye, der. İ.C. Schick ve E. A. Tonak, Belge Yay. İstanbul.
  • Klein, R. (1993), “O’ Goffe’s tale”, Welfare State in Europe, (der) Jones, C. Routledge Yayınları, London ve Newyork.
  • Kleinman, M. (2002). A European Welfare State?, Palgrave, London.
  • Kongar, E. (1998), 21. Yüzyılda Türkiye, Remzi Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Koray, M. (1994), Değişen Koşullarda Sendikacılık, TÜSES Yay. İstanbul.
  • Koray, M. (2002), Avrupa Toplum Modeli, TÜSES Yay. İstanbul.
  • Korpi, W. Ve Palme, J.(2003), “New Politics and Class Politics in the Context of Austerity and Globaliziton: Welfare State Regress in 18 Countries 1975-95”, American Political Science Review, 97 (3).
  • Korpi, W. (2003), “ Welfare State in Regress in Western Europe Politics”, Annual Review of Sociology, 29.
  • Lendvai, N.(2004), The Weakist Link? EU Accession and enlargement: dialoguing EU and post-communist social policy”, Journal of European Social Policy, 14 (3).
  • Liebfried, S.(1993), “Towards a European WelfareState?”, New Perspectives on the Welfare State in Europe,(der) Jones, C., Routledge, London.
  • Liebfried S.; Pierson P. (1995), “Semisovereign welfare states: Social policy in a multitiered Europe”, European Social Policy: Between Fragmentation and Integration, Washington DC. Broıokings Institute.
  • Liebfried S.; Pierson P. (2000), “Social Policy”, Policy-Making in the European Union, (der) Wallace H. ve Wallace W. Oxford University Press, Newyork.
  • Makal, A. (1999), Türkiye’de Tek Partili Dönemde Çalışma İlişkileri; 1920-1946, İmge Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Mardin, Ş. (1990), Türkiye’de Toplum ve Siyaset, İletişim Yay. İstanbul.
  • McGrew, Anthony (2002), “Between Two Worlds: Europe i A Globalizing Era”, Government and Oppostion, Summer cilt 37 (3).
  • Mishra, R. (1993), “Social Policy in Postmodern World”, New Perspectives on the Welfare State in Europe,(der) Jones,C., Routledge, London.
  • Mishra, R. (1998), “Beyond the Nation State: Social Policy in an Age of Globalization”, Social Policy and Administration, 32 (5).
  • Mishra, R. (2001), “Alternatives to Neoliberalism: Change and choice in welfare globalization”, http://www.richis.org/healh/2001/sp091340.pfd.
  • Palier, B. ve Sykes, R (2001), “Challenges and Change: Issues and Perspectives in the Analysis of Globalization and the European Welfare States”, Globalization and Erupean Welfare States, (der), Sykes, R.; Palier, B.; Prior, P.M., Palgrave, Hampshire.
  • Petrella, R. (1996), “Globalization and internationalization. The dynamics of emerging world order” State Against Markets: The Limits of Globalization, der. R. Boyer ve D. Drache, London; Routledge.
  • Petras, J. (2003), Küreselleşme ve İmparatorluk, Cosmopolitik Kitaplığı, İstanbul.
  • Pierson, P. ve Liebfried, S (1998), “Welfare state limits to globalization”, Politics and Society, 26 (4).
  • Pierson, P. (2000), “Three Worlds of Welfare State Resarch”, Comparative Political Stuudies, 33 (6-7).
  • Pierson, P. (2001), “Globalization and The End of Social Democracy”, Australian Journal of Politics and History, 47 (4).
  • Polanyi, K. (2000), Büyük Dönüşüm, İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Przeworski, A. (1991), Capitalism and Social Democracy, Cambridge University Press,
  • Rhodes, M. (1996) “Globalization And West European Welfare States: A Critical Review Of Recent Debates”, Journal Of European Social Policy, 6 (4).
  • Sarıbay, A. Y. (2000), “Türkiye’de Demokrasi ve Sivil Toplum”, Global Yerel Eksende Türkiye, der. E. F. Keyman ve A.Y. Sarıbay, Alfa Yay. İstanbul.
  • Saybaşılı, K. (1996), “Refah-Yol Hükümeti, Kuşatma ve Demokrasi”, Sosyal Demokrat Değişim, Kasım-Aralık
  • Schedler, A. (1997), “Introduction: Antipolitics-Closing and Colonizing The Public Sphere”, The End of Politics, Andreas Schedler (Der), Macmillan Press, UK.
  • Stevenson, T. (2002), “Globalization: Marketization and Power”, Scandanivian Political Studies, 25 (3).
  • Süerdem, A. ve Kirmanoğlu, H. (2002), “Globalleşmenin ekonomik sonuçları ve Türkiye’de aşırı sağın yükselişi”, İktisat, Kasım, (431)
  • Sülker, K. (1975), Sendikacılar ve Politika, May.Yay. İstanbul.
  • Tanör, B. (1986), İki Anayasa, Beta Basım, İstanbul.
  • Timur, T. (1992), “Osmanlı Mirası”, Geçiş Sürecinde Türkiye, der. İ.C. Schick ve E. A. Tonak, Belge Yay. İstanbul.
  • Vergin, N. (1994), “Demokrasi ve Sivil Toplum”, Yeni Türkiye, 1.
  • Vobruba, G. (2003), “Debate on the Enlargement of the European Union”, Journal of European Social Policy, 13 (1).
  • Yalçıntan, M.C. ve Erbaş, A.E. (2004), “mekân ve Siyaset”, Birikim, Mart.
  • Yeat, N. (2002), “Globalization and Social Policy”, Global Social Policy, 2 (1).
  • Wallerstein, I. (1998), Liberalizmden Sonra, Metis, İstanbul.
  • Wivel, A (2004), “The Power Politics of Peace: Exploring the Link Between Globalization and European Integration from a Realist Perspective”, Journal of the Nordic International Studies Association, 39 (1).
Toplam 70 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Prof. Dr. Meryem Koray Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2005
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2005 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

APA Koray, P. D. M. (2005). Görülmek İstenmeyen Gerçek: Sosyal Refah Politikaları ve Demokrasi İlişkisi. Çalışma Ve Toplum, 2(5), 27-60.
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