Integrated Management of Ascochyta Blight on Chickpea Germplasm in Pakistan

Öz

Chickpea, an important pulses product of Pakistan, ranks 3rd among legumes in the world. The most important fungal disease agent of chickpea Ascochyta rabiei is anthracnose, which causes 50 - 70% yield losses in chickpeas. In this study, 10 chickpea genotypes inoculated with A. rabiei were screened. Under artificial inoculum pressure, agronomic and physiological data were recorded. To manage this disease, the commercial preparation of the biocontrol antagonist Trichoderma harzianum and some fungicides were then applied to these genotypes. The resistivity of pathogen spores to T. harzianum antagonist and fungicides was tested in vitro. While the chemical fungicides performed equal inhibition with the 1st and 2nd levels, the 3rd and 4th levels of inhibition differed from each other. The biological antagonist commercial T. harzianum was found to be effective in anthracnose disease control.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antagonist
• Ascochyta rabiei
• Chemical management
• Chickpea Biomass
• Chickpea screening
• cell membrane stability

Pakistan'da Nohut Germplazmında Ascochyta Blight'ın Entegre Mücadelesi

Öz

Pakistan'nın önemli bir bakliyat ürünü olan nohut, dünyada baklagiller arasında 3. Sırada yer almaktadır. Nohut’un en önemli fungal hastalık etmeni Ascochyta rabiei nohutta %50 - 70 arasında verim kayıplarına neden olan antraknozdur. Bu çalışmada A. rabiei ile inoküle edilmiş 10 nohut genotipinde tarama yapılmıştır. Yapay inokulum ile agronomik ve fizyolojik veriler elde edilmiştir. Bu hastalıkla mücadele için, daha sonra bu genotiplere biyokontrol antagonist Trichoderma harzianum ticari preparatı ve bazı fungisitler uygulanmıştır. İn vitro koşullarda patojen sporlarının T. harzianum antagonisti ve fungistlere karşı dirençleri test edilmiştir. Kimyasal fungisitler 1. ve 2. seviye ile eşit inhibisyon gerçekleştirirken 3. ve 4. seviye inhibisyonda biribirinden farklılık göstermiştir. Biyolojik antagonist ticari T. harzianum preparatı hastalık kontrolünde etkili bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ascochyta rabiei
• Antagonist
• Hücre zarı dayanıklılığ
• Hücre zarı dayanıklılığı
• Kimyasal mücadele
• Nohut biyokütlesi

Kaynakça

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