Monitoring the Nitrate Concentrations in Drainage in Irrigated Akarsu Irrigation District

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 3, 153 - 163, 30.12.2016

Hayriye İbrikçi , Mahmut Çetin , Hande Sağır Mert Uçan M. Said Gölpınar Ebru Karnez

Öz

Drainage water quality could be classified based on its solute content and various influencing factors, and it varies in time. Nitrate (NO3) and salt concentrations leached to the drainage water, as a result of the intensive agriculture, are important criteria in determination of the water quality. Nitrate concentration of drainage water is function of applied nitrogen (N) fertilizers rate, soil type, amount of irrigation water rainfall, and changes during the hydrological year. The experiment was carried out in Lower Seyhan Plain, Akarsu Irrigation District (9495.0 ha) during 2014 hydrological years (HY). The water samples were collected in different dates, and analyzed for nitrate concentrations. Nitrate concentration was 35.2 mg L-1 in Feb., highest concentrations were recorded in irrigation season (summer months). There was 28.7 kg N ha-1 N movement to drainage in a hydrological year. Cropping pattern, rainfall and water supply to the study area became important criteria in determining the nitrate concentration in groundwater. Monitoring the concentrations during the HY is important for establishment of suitable fertilization programs and also environmental health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

groundwater, nitrate concentrations, temporal variability, cropping pattern

Sulu Tarımın Yapıldığı Akarsu Sulama Havzasında Drenajla Oluşan Azot Kayıplarının Zamansal İzlenmesi

Öz

Drenaj sularının kalitesi, içeriğine ve çeşitli faktörlere bağlı olarak sınıflandırılmakta ve zaman içerisinde değişkenlik göstermektedir. Tarımsal faaliyetlerin yoğunluğuna bağlı olarak, drenaj suyuna karışan tuz ve nitrat (NO3) konsantrasyonu, su kirliliğinin ve yeniden kullanım olasılığının belirlenmesinde önemli birer kriterdir. Nitrat konsantrasyonu, toprağa uygulanan azotlu (N) gübre miktarına, toprak yapısına, uygulanan sulama suyu ve yağış miktarına bağlı olarak yıl içesinde değişkenlik göstermektedir. Aşağı Seyhan Ovası, Akarsu Sulama Sahasında (9495.0 ha) 2014 hidrolojik yılında (HY) drenajdan alınan su örneklerinde nitrat konsantrasyonları ölçülmüştür. Drenaj suyundaki nitrat konsantrasyonu Şubat ayında 35.2 mg L-1‘ye ulaşmıştır, ancak yaz aylarında daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Çalışma sahasında 2014 hidrolojik yılında hektardan 28.7 kg’lık azot yıkanması olmuştur. Söz konusu yılın kurak olmasına rağmen, bu denli bir yıkanmanın olması ciddi bir sorundur. Bitki deseninin, yağışın ve alana giren su miktarının, drenaj suyunda nitrat konsantrasyonunu belirlemede önemli birer kriter oldukları belirlenmiştir. Drenaj sularındaki bu konsantrasyon değişimlerinin yıl içerisinde izlenmesi, gerek uygun gübreleme programları, gerekse çevre sağlığı açısından önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Drenaj suyu, nitrat konsantrasyonu, zamansal değişim, bitki deseni

Kaynakça

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