OTEL İŞLETMELERİNDE İŞE BAĞLILIK DÜZEYİNİN ARTTIRILMASI: İŞGÖREN FEDAKÂRLIK TUTUMUNUN ROLÜ

Yıl 2016, Sayı: 1, 1 - 17, 01.04.2016

Özcan Zorlu Ali Avan Şernaz Bulut

Öz

Günümüz iş yaşamı koşulları otel işletmelerini rekabet üstünlüklerini devam ettirebilmek adına diğer tüm işletmelerde olduğu gibi yüksek performans gösteren ve verimli işgören‐ ler istihdam etmeye zorlamaktadır. Belirli iş tutumları ve örgütsel davranışlar işgören per‐ formansı ve verimliliği üzerinde olumlu etkilere sahip olmakla birlikte, işe bağlılık düzeyi de belirli ayırt edici boyutları ile performans ve verimliliğe katkı sağlamaktadır. İşe bağlılı‐ ğın ayırt edici özellikleri ise işini yaşamının temel ilgi alanı olarak görme, işe aktif olarak dâhil olma ve işte yüksek performans göstermeyi öz‐saygının temeli olarak kabul etme olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Dolayısıyla otel yönetimleri işe bağlılık düzeyini arttırmak için etkili stratejiler izleme durumundadırlar. Bu noktada, izlenecek stratejiler işe bağlılığın öncülleri üzerine odaklanmalıdır. Literatürde işe bağlılığın bazı bireysel kontrol odağı, ge‐ lişim ihtiyacı vb. ve örgütsel öncülleri iş tatmini, örgütsel bağlılık vb. ele alınmakla birlik‐ te, işgörenin mevcut işinde çalışmaya devam etme kararında önemli etkilere sahip kişisel ve örgütsel fedakârlık tutumu hususunda yeterince araştırma gerçekleştirilmemiş veya göz ardı edilmiştir. Buradan hareketle, bu çalışma öncelikle işe bağlılığın arttırılmasında işgören fedakârlık tutumunun önemini ve etkisini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Belir‐ lenen amaç doğrultusunda Afyonkarahisar ilinde faaliyet gösteren beş yıldızlı otel işlet‐ melerinin işgörenleri araştırmanın evreni olarak seçilmiştir. Anket tekniği ile ihtiyaç duyu‐ lan verilerin elde edilmesi ve analizinden sonra fedakârlık tutumunun bir işgörenin işe bağlılığını nasıl etkilediği detaylı olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları işgörenlerin fe‐ dakârlık tutumları ile işe bağlılık düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunduğunu ve fe‐ dakârlık tutumunun işe bağlılığı pozitif yönde etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İşe Bağlılık, Verimlilik, İşgören fedakârlığı, Yüksek performans

Enhancing Job Involvement at Hotel Enterprises: The Role of Employee Sacrifice Attitude

Öz

Today’s business circumstances force hotel enterprises, like all others, to employ high‐performed and productive employees in an effort to sustain their competitive edge. Alt‐hough some job attitudes and organizational behaviours have positive effects on em‐ployee performance and productivity, job involvement also contributes the employee performance and productivity in terms of some distinctive dimensions. Perceiving the job as central life interest, actively participating in job and thinking performance as cen‐tral to his/her self‐esteem are generally accepted as distinctive properties of job in‐volvement. Thus, hotel managements should pursue effective strategies to enhance the job involvement. In this case, these strategies must focus on consequences of job in‐volvement. While some individual locus of control, growth need etc. and organizational consequences job satisfaction, organizational commitment etc. of job involvement have been studied in literature, self‐sacrifice and organizational sacrifice intentions which are very important to decide working in current job have not been much‐debated or ig‐nored. Thus, this study primarily aims to reveal importance and the role of employee sacrifice at enhancing job involvement. Within this scope employees of five star hotel en‐terprises operating in Afyonkarahisar have been chosen as the research population of the study. After gathering required data with survey technique and analysis process, how sacrifice intentions effect the job involvement of an employee is determined in details. Findings of the study reveals that there is a significant relationship between employees sacrifice and job involvement, and sacrifice attitudes positively‐significantly effects job involvement.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Job Involvement, Productivity, Employee sacrifice, High‐Performance.

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