Seralarda Isı Enerjisi Gereksiniminin Belirlenmesinde Kullanılan Farklı Yöntemlerin Karşılaştırılması

A.Nafi Baytorun; Sait Üstün; Adil Akyüz; Derya Önder

Comparison of Different Methods Used to Determine Heat Energy Requirement of Greenhouses

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 2, 21 - 32, 01.12.2013

A.Nafi Baytorun Sait Üstün Adil Akyüz Derya Önder

Öz

Heat power and heat energy requirements are determined according to DIN 4701 Standard for greenhouses. Greenhouse heat requirement can be calculated based on monthly average, average maximum, and average minimum temperature values. Many researchers have assessed greenhouse heat demand using average climatic parameters. But, large errors occur especially during transition periods (November, March, April) at low inside temperatures (ti< 18oC) when climatic factors are used for the calculations. For instance, it is assumed that heating is unnecessary when the outside temperature is 15oC and the desired inside temperature is also 15oC. However, the temperature may vary between 10 and 20oC during the day while the average outside temperature is 15oC. This is why, calculations based on averages may be misleading. The use of hourly climatic factors is more realistic for the determination of greenhouse heat energy requirement with better accuracies. In this study, the heat requirements were determined using both methods for the climatic conditions of Antalya province. While the results were quite similar in both methods when the average outside temperature was low, differences were found when average outside temperature values were closer to the desired inside temperatures. The results found in this study show similarity to the results found by Garcia et al. (1998) who used both methods to determine the heat energy requirements. The use of hourly climatic values to assess greenhouse heat requirements results in better estimations

Anahtar Kelimeler

Greenhouse, Greenhouse Heating, Heat consumption

Kaynakça

Baytorun,A,N.,Tokgöz,H.,Üstün,S.,Akyüz,A., 1994. Seralarda iklimlendirme olanakları. 3. Soğutma ve İklimlendirme Kongresi Ç.Ü. Adana.
Baytorun,A,N., Topçu,S., Abak,K., Daşgan,Y., 1999. Growth and production of tomatoes in greenhouses at different temparature levels. Gartenbauwissenschaft,64 (1). s 33-39. Verlag Eugen Ulmer Gmbh&Co., Stutgart.
Baytorun,A,N.,2000. Seralar. Ç.Ü.Ziraat Fakültesi Genel Yayın No: 110, Ders Kitapları Yayın No: A-29.405 sy.
Baytorun,A,N.Zaimoğlu,Z.,Akyüz,A., 2000. Seralarda iklimlendirme. 2. Uluslararası Turfanda Şurası. Anamur.
Baytorun,A,N.,Zaimoğlu,Z.,Üstün,S., 2012. Akdeniz Bölgesi Seralarında Isı Enerjisi Gereksiniminin ve Enerji Artırım Önlemlerinin Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. II. Ulusal Sulama ve Tarımsal Yapılar Sempozyumu. Bornova, İzmir.
Daka,K., Gül,A.,Engindeniz,S., 2012. Muğla ilinde seralarda dışsatıma yönelik domates üretimi ve pazarlaması. Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 2012, 49 (2): 175-185.
Damrath,J.,Klein,F. 1983. Tabellen zur Heizenergieermittlung von Gewacshausern Klima Trier. Gartenbau technische Informationen Heft 18. Institut für Technik im Gartenbau der Universitat Hannover.
Garcia,J,L., De la Plaza,S., Navas,L, M., Benavente,R, M., Luna, L,. 1998. Evaluation of the Feasibility of Alternative Energy Sources for Greenhouse Heating. J. agric. EngngRes. 69, 107-114
Karaman,S., Yılmaz,İ., 2006. Cam serada domates yetiştiriciliğinde Bombus arısı kullanımının üretim girdileri ve karlılık üzerine etkisi. Anadolu, J. of AARI 16(2) s 90-109. MARA.
Kitas,C.,Katsoulas,N.,Bartzanes,T.,Bakker,s. 2013. Greenhouse climate control and energy use. Good Agricultural Practices for greenhouse vegetable crops. Principles for Mediterranean climate areas. FAO,Rome.
Meyer,J. 1981. Bewegliche Energieschirme. ITG Heft 10. Institut für Technik in Gartenbau und Landwirtschaft. Universitat Hannover.
Meyer,J. 1982. bewertung von beweglichen Energieschirmen im Hinblickauf den Energieverbrauch. ITG Heft 11. Institut für Technik in Gartenbau und Landwirtschaft. Universitat Hannover.
Nisen,A.;Grafiadellis,M., Jiménez,R., La Malfa,G., Martiez-Garcia,P,F., Monteiro,A., Verlodt,H., Villele,O., Zabeltitz,Chr,von., Denis,J,C., Boudoin,W., Garnaud,J.c.1988. Cultures protegees en climat mediterranean, FAO,Rome.
Önder,D., Baytorun,A.N., 1999. Antakya yöresinde plastik seralarda ısı gereksiniminin belirlenmesi. MKÜ. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 4(1-2): 181-194.
Rad,S.,Yarşı,G., 2005. Silifke ilçesinde serada domates yetiştiren işletmelerin ekonomik performansları ve birim ürün maliyetleri. Tarım bilimleri dergisi 2005, 11 (1) 26-33.
Rath,T,H. 1992. Einsatz wissenbasierter Systeme zur Modellirung und Darstellung von Gartenbautechnischen Fachwissen am Beispiel des hybrieden Expertensystems HORTEX. Gartenbautechnische Informationen, Heft 34, Institut für Technik im Gartenbau der Universitat Hannover.
Stanghellini,C.,Kempkes,K.,Knies,P.,2003. Enhancing environmental quality in agricultural systems. Acta Hortic. 609: 277-289.
Tantau,H,J. 1983. Heizungsanlagen im Gartenbau. Verlag Eugen Ulmer. Stuttgart.
Üstün,S. 1993.Çukurova bölgesinde farklı sera içi iklim koşullarında, ısı gereksiniminin hesaplanması üzerine bir araştırma. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
Verlodt,H., 1990. In protected cultivation in the mediterranean climate. Greenhouses in Cyprus. FAO Edit.
Zabeltitz,Chr.von. 1986. Gewachshauser, Planung und Bau. Ulmer Verlag Stuttgart.
Zabeltitz,Chr.von.1992.Energy-efficient greenhouse designs for mediterranean countries. Plasticulture no.96 1992/24. s.6-16.
Zabeltitz,Chr.von. 2011. Integrated Greenhouse Systems for Mild Climates. Springer -Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.