Yaz Aylarında Farklı Tip Buzağı Kulübelerinin Buzağı Davranış ve Fizyolojik Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi
Yıl 2014,
Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2, 43 - 50, 01.12.2014
Serap Göncü
Ercan Mevlıyaoğulları
,
Nazan Koluman
Öz
Bu çalışma yaz aylarında farklı tip buzağı kulübelerinin buzağı davranış ve fizyolojik parametreleri üzerine etkisini ortaya koymak amacıyla yürütlmüştür. Çalışmada, Ziraat Fakültesi Araştırma Uygulama Çiftliği'nde Mayıs-Haziran 2009 doğumlu yirmi beş dişi buzağıya ait veri değerlendirilmiştir. Denemeye alınan buzağılar buzağılama sonrası ilk 3 gün anneleriyle birlikte tutulmuş daha sonra sütten kesilinceye kadar farklı materyalden yapılmış kulübelerde tutulmuşlardır. Deneme sonucunda elde edilen bulgular, buzağıların davranış özelikleri ile fizyolojik parametreleri (P> 0.01) arasında fiberglass malzemeden yapılan kulübler lehine farklılık olduğu tespoit edilmiştir
Kaynakça
- Albright, J.L., 1993. Feeding Behavior of Dairy Cattle. J Dairy Sci 76:485-498
- AOAC (1998). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA
- Andrighetto, J., F. Gottard, D. Andreoli and G. Cozzi, 1999. Effect of type of housing on veal calf growth performance, behavior and meat quality. Livestock Prod. Sci., 57: 137- 145.
- Appleman, R. D., and F. G. Owen. 1975. Recent advances in calf rearing: breeding, housing, and feeding management. J. Dairy Sci. 58:447.
- Bianca, W. 1958. The relation between respiratory rate and heart rate in the calf subjected to severe heat stress. The Journal of Agricultural Science (1958), 51:321-324 Cambridge University Press, doi:10.1017/S002185960003513
- de Wilt, J.G., 1985. Behaviour and welfare of veal calves in relation to husbandry systems. Thesis, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wageningen, NL, 137 pp.
- Finch, V. A. 1984. Heat as a stress factor in herbivores under tropical conditions. In: Herbivore nutrition in the subtropics and tropics (Ed. F. M. C. Gilchrist and R. I. Mackie). The Science Press, Graighall, South Africa, pp. 89-105
- Goodger, W. J., and E. M. Theodore. 1986. Calf management Dractices and health management decisions on large dairies. J. Dairy Sci. 69:580.
- Göncü, S. and K. Özkütük, 1998. The calf reraing in three types calf hutches. II. National Zootechny Science Congress, 22-25 September, Bursa, pp: 83-92.
- Grandin, T., 19880. Assessment of Stress During Handling and Transport. Journal of Animal Science (1997) volume 75: 249-257
- Hafez, E.S.E., 1968. Behavioral adaptation. In: Hafez, E.S.E. (Ed.), Adaptation of domestic animals. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, PA, pp. 202–214. Hahn, G.L., 1999. Dynamic responses of cattle to thermal heat loads. J. Anim. Sci. 77 (Suppl. 2), 10–20.
- Hansen, P.J., Arechiga, C.F., 1999. Strategies for managing reproduction in the heat-stressed dairy cow. J. Anim. Sci. 77 (Suppl. 2), 36– 50.
- Heinrichs, A. J., B. S. Heinrichs, O. Hare, W. Rodgers and N. T. Place, 2005. A prospective study of factors affecting age, body size and body condition score at first calving of Holstein dairy heifers. J.Dairy Sci., 88: 2828-2835.
- James, R. E., M. L. McGilliard, and D. A. Hartman. 1984. Calf mortality in Virginia Dairy Herd Improvement herds. J. Dairy Sci. 67:908.
- Jenny, B. F., G. E. Gramling, and T. M. Glaze. 1981. Management factors associated with calf mortality in South Carolina dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci. 64:2284.
- Johnson, H.D., 1980. Depressed chemical thermogenesis and hormonal functions in heat. In: Physiology: Aging, Heat and Altitude. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 3–9. Karakök Göncü, S. and Gökçe, G. 2004. The Effect of Different Calf Hutch Types on Black and White Calf Performances. P. J. Biol. Sci. 7:389-392.
- Lance, S. E., G. Y. Miller, D. D. Hancock, P. C. Bartlett, L. E. Heider, and M. L. Moeschberger. 1992. Effects of environment and management on mortality in preweaned dairy calves. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 201:1197
- Lago, A. McGuirk, S.M. Bennett, T.B. Cook, N.B. and Nordlund, K.V. 2006, "Calf Respiratory Disease and Pen Microenvironments in Naturally Ventilated Calf Barns in Winter." Journal of Dairy Science 89:4014-4025.
- Matarazzo, S.V., Júnior, I. A., Castelani, L. And de A Fernandes S., 2010. Effects of housing system on the physiological responses of newborn Holstein calves. http://asae.frymulti.com/abstract.asp?aid=2 9911&t=2
- McDowell, R.E., Hooven, N.W., Camoens, J.K., 1976. Effects of climate on performance of Holsteins in first lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 59, 965–973.
- McLean, J.A., 1963. The partition of insensible losses of body weight and heat from cattle under various climatic conditions. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 167, 427–434.
- Mitlohner, F.M., Morrow-Tesch, J.L., Wilson, S.C., Dailey, J.W. and McGlone, J.J. 2001. Behavioural sampling techniques for feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 79:1189–93.
- Quigley, J. 2009. Shades and sprinklers for Holstein heifers. http://www.calfnotes.com/pdffiles/CN140. pdf
- Piccione, G., Caola, G. and Refinetti,R., 2003. Daily and estrous rhythmicity of body temperature in domestic cattle. BMC Physiol. 2003; 3: 7. Published online 2003 July 28. doi: 10.1186/1472-6793-3-7.
- Regan, V.M. and Richardson, G.A., 1938. Reactions of the dairy cow to changes in Environmental temperature. 21 (2): 73. (1938).
- Roman-Ponce, H., W. W. Thatcher, D. E. Bufington, C. J. Wilcox. and H. H. Van Horn. 1977. Physiological and production response of dairy cattle to a shade structure in a subtropical environment. J. Dairy Sci. 60:424.
- Roy, J.H.B. 1990. The calf. Volume 1. Management of Health. London: Butterworths.
- Shahhosseini, Y., 2013. Cattle behaviour Appearance of behaviour in wild and confinement. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science. http://stud.epsilon.slu.se/5659/7/shahhossei ni_y_130619.pdf
- Silanikove, N. 2000. Effects of heat stress on the welfare of extensively managed domestic ruminants: a review. Livest. Prod. Sci. 67:1- 18.
- Smits, A.C., de Wilt, J.G., 1991. Group housing of veal calves. In: Metz, J.H.M., Groenestein, C.M. (Eds.), New Trends in Veal Calf Production. EAAP Publication no. 52, Wageningen, pp. 61–66.
- Spain,J.N., Spiers D.E., 1996. Effects of supplemental shade on thermoregulatory response of calves to heat challenge in a hutch environment. J Dairy Sci. 1996 Apr;79(4):639-46.
- Stull, Carolyn L. 1997. Stress and dairy calves. Field Day, June 24, 1997. Veterinary Medicine Extension University of California, Davis. http://www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/vetext/INF -AN/INF-AN_stressDairyCalves.pdf
- Taylor, R.E. & Field, T.D. 1998. Scientific Farm Animal Production. Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
- Van Soest P J, Robertson J B &Lewis B A, (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 3583-3597
- West, J.W., 1999. Nutritional strategies for managing the heat stressed dairy cow. J. Anim. Sci. 77 (Suppl. 2), 21–35.
- Yousef, M.K. 1985. Stress physiology in livestock, Volume 1, Basic principles. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
The Effect of Different Calf Hutch Material on Calf Behavior and Physiologic Parameters in Summer Season
Yıl 2014,
Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2, 43 - 50, 01.12.2014
Serap Göncü
Ercan Mevlıyaoğulları
,
Nazan Koluman
Öz
The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of different calf hutches on behavior and physiologic parameters of Holstein calves. Twenty five female calves born from May to June 2009 in Agricultural Faculty Farm were used in the experiment. All calves were kept together with their mothers for the first 3 days after calving and then were housed in individual pens in calf hutches. The results obtained in the experiment showed that there were differences in behavioral pattern and physiologic parameters of calves (P>0.01). Fiberglas calf hutches behavior and physiologic performances were better than the other groups
Kaynakça
- Albright, J.L., 1993. Feeding Behavior of Dairy Cattle. J Dairy Sci 76:485-498
- AOAC (1998). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA
- Andrighetto, J., F. Gottard, D. Andreoli and G. Cozzi, 1999. Effect of type of housing on veal calf growth performance, behavior and meat quality. Livestock Prod. Sci., 57: 137- 145.
- Appleman, R. D., and F. G. Owen. 1975. Recent advances in calf rearing: breeding, housing, and feeding management. J. Dairy Sci. 58:447.
- Bianca, W. 1958. The relation between respiratory rate and heart rate in the calf subjected to severe heat stress. The Journal of Agricultural Science (1958), 51:321-324 Cambridge University Press, doi:10.1017/S002185960003513
- de Wilt, J.G., 1985. Behaviour and welfare of veal calves in relation to husbandry systems. Thesis, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wageningen, NL, 137 pp.
- Finch, V. A. 1984. Heat as a stress factor in herbivores under tropical conditions. In: Herbivore nutrition in the subtropics and tropics (Ed. F. M. C. Gilchrist and R. I. Mackie). The Science Press, Graighall, South Africa, pp. 89-105
- Goodger, W. J., and E. M. Theodore. 1986. Calf management Dractices and health management decisions on large dairies. J. Dairy Sci. 69:580.
- Göncü, S. and K. Özkütük, 1998. The calf reraing in three types calf hutches. II. National Zootechny Science Congress, 22-25 September, Bursa, pp: 83-92.
- Grandin, T., 19880. Assessment of Stress During Handling and Transport. Journal of Animal Science (1997) volume 75: 249-257
- Hafez, E.S.E., 1968. Behavioral adaptation. In: Hafez, E.S.E. (Ed.), Adaptation of domestic animals. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, PA, pp. 202–214. Hahn, G.L., 1999. Dynamic responses of cattle to thermal heat loads. J. Anim. Sci. 77 (Suppl. 2), 10–20.
- Hansen, P.J., Arechiga, C.F., 1999. Strategies for managing reproduction in the heat-stressed dairy cow. J. Anim. Sci. 77 (Suppl. 2), 36– 50.
- Heinrichs, A. J., B. S. Heinrichs, O. Hare, W. Rodgers and N. T. Place, 2005. A prospective study of factors affecting age, body size and body condition score at first calving of Holstein dairy heifers. J.Dairy Sci., 88: 2828-2835.
- James, R. E., M. L. McGilliard, and D. A. Hartman. 1984. Calf mortality in Virginia Dairy Herd Improvement herds. J. Dairy Sci. 67:908.
- Jenny, B. F., G. E. Gramling, and T. M. Glaze. 1981. Management factors associated with calf mortality in South Carolina dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci. 64:2284.
- Johnson, H.D., 1980. Depressed chemical thermogenesis and hormonal functions in heat. In: Physiology: Aging, Heat and Altitude. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 3–9. Karakök Göncü, S. and Gökçe, G. 2004. The Effect of Different Calf Hutch Types on Black and White Calf Performances. P. J. Biol. Sci. 7:389-392.
- Lance, S. E., G. Y. Miller, D. D. Hancock, P. C. Bartlett, L. E. Heider, and M. L. Moeschberger. 1992. Effects of environment and management on mortality in preweaned dairy calves. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 201:1197
- Lago, A. McGuirk, S.M. Bennett, T.B. Cook, N.B. and Nordlund, K.V. 2006, "Calf Respiratory Disease and Pen Microenvironments in Naturally Ventilated Calf Barns in Winter." Journal of Dairy Science 89:4014-4025.
- Matarazzo, S.V., Júnior, I. A., Castelani, L. And de A Fernandes S., 2010. Effects of housing system on the physiological responses of newborn Holstein calves. http://asae.frymulti.com/abstract.asp?aid=2 9911&t=2
- McDowell, R.E., Hooven, N.W., Camoens, J.K., 1976. Effects of climate on performance of Holsteins in first lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 59, 965–973.
- McLean, J.A., 1963. The partition of insensible losses of body weight and heat from cattle under various climatic conditions. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 167, 427–434.
- Mitlohner, F.M., Morrow-Tesch, J.L., Wilson, S.C., Dailey, J.W. and McGlone, J.J. 2001. Behavioural sampling techniques for feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 79:1189–93.
- Quigley, J. 2009. Shades and sprinklers for Holstein heifers. http://www.calfnotes.com/pdffiles/CN140. pdf
- Piccione, G., Caola, G. and Refinetti,R., 2003. Daily and estrous rhythmicity of body temperature in domestic cattle. BMC Physiol. 2003; 3: 7. Published online 2003 July 28. doi: 10.1186/1472-6793-3-7.
- Regan, V.M. and Richardson, G.A., 1938. Reactions of the dairy cow to changes in Environmental temperature. 21 (2): 73. (1938).
- Roman-Ponce, H., W. W. Thatcher, D. E. Bufington, C. J. Wilcox. and H. H. Van Horn. 1977. Physiological and production response of dairy cattle to a shade structure in a subtropical environment. J. Dairy Sci. 60:424.
- Roy, J.H.B. 1990. The calf. Volume 1. Management of Health. London: Butterworths.
- Shahhosseini, Y., 2013. Cattle behaviour Appearance of behaviour in wild and confinement. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science. http://stud.epsilon.slu.se/5659/7/shahhossei ni_y_130619.pdf
- Silanikove, N. 2000. Effects of heat stress on the welfare of extensively managed domestic ruminants: a review. Livest. Prod. Sci. 67:1- 18.
- Smits, A.C., de Wilt, J.G., 1991. Group housing of veal calves. In: Metz, J.H.M., Groenestein, C.M. (Eds.), New Trends in Veal Calf Production. EAAP Publication no. 52, Wageningen, pp. 61–66.
- Spain,J.N., Spiers D.E., 1996. Effects of supplemental shade on thermoregulatory response of calves to heat challenge in a hutch environment. J Dairy Sci. 1996 Apr;79(4):639-46.
- Stull, Carolyn L. 1997. Stress and dairy calves. Field Day, June 24, 1997. Veterinary Medicine Extension University of California, Davis. http://www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/vetext/INF -AN/INF-AN_stressDairyCalves.pdf
- Taylor, R.E. & Field, T.D. 1998. Scientific Farm Animal Production. Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
- Van Soest P J, Robertson J B &Lewis B A, (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 3583-3597
- West, J.W., 1999. Nutritional strategies for managing the heat stressed dairy cow. J. Anim. Sci. 77 (Suppl. 2), 21–35.
- Yousef, M.K. 1985. Stress physiology in livestock, Volume 1, Basic principles. Boca Raton: CRC Press.