Visualization of Observational Learning and Peer Influence on Plastic Waste Diversity in the Campus Environment Using ArcGIS

Öz

Plastic pollution has become a major environmental problem affecting ecosystems, wildlife and human health. While recent studies have mainly focused on microplastics, there is a need to assess the presence and diversity of meso- and macroplastics, which are the main sources of plastic pollution in nature due to inadequate or improper waste management strategies. Indeed, certain relationships and interactions related to the disposal of waste into the natural environment instead of proper waste collection points have spread like a virus and led to the formation of behavioral patterns. This study is based on the fundamental premise of the impact of "observational learning'," a social-cognitive approach and "peer influence" on the variety of meso/macro plastic unknowingly left on campus area and visualizing the distribution of plastic pollution in this environment. As the most important finding of this study; It has been observed that the dominant polymer structures in all points are plastic packaged products consumed by students due to their proximity to classrooms/offices/markets/canteens, cigarette butts due to their tobacco use habits, and wet wipes due to their fast hygiene habits. The peak period for waste generation was determined to be October, known as the mid-term exam period, and the busiest area was identified as the roadside seating areas. FT-IR analysis of the most commonly recorded meso- and macroplastic parts revealed the order of polymer structures by density: PET, PE, PP, and PMMA. The findings, supported by visual data, are intended to raise awareness of sustainability goals and highlight the need for environmental education programs. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the need to support youth through various initiatives that exemplify ecological practices to encourage the adoption of sustainable solutions and urge authorities to take immediate action.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Plastic Pollution
• Microplastics
• Mesoplastics
• Environmental Education
• Sustainability

Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS ile Görselleştirmesi

Öz

Plastik kirliliği; ekosistemleri, yaban hayatını ve en çok da insan sağlığını etkileyen önemli bir çevresel sorun haline gelmiştir. Son dönemde yapılan çalışmalarda mikroplastiklere özellikle vurgu yapılmış olsa da bunların birincil kaynaklarından olan ve yetersiz/yanlış atık yönetim stratejileri nedeniyle doğal ortamlarda sıklıkla karşılaşılan mezo- ve makroplastiklerin varlığı ve çeşitliliğinin değerlendirilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Öyle ki atıkların tüketiciler tarafından biriktirme ekipmanları yerine doğal ortamlara bırakılması konusunda bazı ilişki ve etkileşimler, viral bir salgın tarzında yayılmakta ve ardından bir davranış paternine dönüşmektedir. Öğrenmede sosyal bilişsel yaklaşım olarak tanımlanan “gözlemsel öğrenme”nin ve “akran etkisi”nin, kampüs alanı içinde bilinçsizce bırakılan mezo/makroplastik malzeme çeşitliliğine etkisi ve bu ortamda oluşan plastik kirliliğinin arazi dağılımının görselleştirilmesi bu çalışmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, sürdürülebilirlik amaçları kapsamında gençlerin farkındalığını artırmak ve çevre eğitimi programlarına olan ihtiyacı ortaya koymak adına görsel verilerle desteklenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın en önemli bulgusu olarak; her alanda baskın olan polimer yapıların, öğrencilerin derslik/ ofis/ market/ kantin yakınlığı kaynaklı tükettiği plastik ambalajlı ürünler, tütün ürünleri kullanma alışkanlıkları nedeniyle sigara izmaritleri ve hızlı hijyen oluşturma alışkanlığı nedeniyle ıslak mendiller olduğu gözlenmiştir. Atıkların en yoğun olduğu dönem, ara sınav dönemi olarak bilinen Ekim ayı ve en yoğun alan yol kenarındaki oturma alanlarının olduğu bölge olarak belirlenmiştir. En çok kaydedilen meso-makroplastik parçaların FT-IR analizleri sonucunda, yoğunluğa göre polimer yapılara ait sıralamanın; PET, PE, PP ve PMMA olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, plastik atıkların çevresel etkileri konusunda farkındalıkların artmasına yardımcı olabilecek, sürdürülebilir uygulamaların benimsenmesinde, ekolojik uygulamaları örnekleyecek farklı girişimlerle gençlerin desteklenmesi ve yönetimlerin bir an önce aksiyon alması gerekliliği ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Plastik Kirliliği
• Mikroplastikler
• Mezo-Plastikler
• Çevre Eğitimi
• Sürdürülebilirlik

Kaynakça

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