Materials Flow Analysis as a Tool to Improve Solid Waste Management: A Case of Ankara

Öz

The progress of recent civilisation and the associated growth in population worldwide has contributed considerably to the increase in the quantity of waste produced. The ever-increasing consumption of resources has resulted in high amounts of solid waste from domestic activities, which can pose significant threats to the environment and human health. Waste management and recycling activities have a complex and multifaceted mechanism that requires comprehensive and integrated approaches. In this study, the current status of municipal solid waste management in Ankara was identified and waste streams were investigated by using Materials Flow Analysis (Stan 2 software). It was aimed to analyse material flows by visualising the waste management system of Ankara. This study resulted that approximately 1.6 million tonnes of solid waste is collected per year (4500 tonnes per day) in the province. Almost 470 thousand tonnes of it is being used for methane production and more than 400 thousand tonnes of compost is being produced each year. The result of the model also points out that 286 thousand tonnes get accumulated in landfills each year. This reveals the possible requirement for a capacity investment of Mamak Landfill Area, which is already on the agenda of city authorities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Waste Management,Quantity of Waste,Waste Streams,Solid Waste,Materials Flow Analysis

Katı Atık Yönetiminin Geliştirilmesinde Malzeme Akış Analizi: Ankara Örneği

Öz

Sürekli gelişim ve buna bağlı olarak dünya çapında nüfusla ilişkili büyüme, üretilen atık miktarındaki artışa önemli ölçüde katkıda bulunmuştur. Giderek fazlalaşan kaynak tüketimi, üretilen evsel katı atık miktarının artmasına neden olmuş, bu da çevre ve insan sağlığı için önemli bir tehdit oluşturmaya başlamıştır. Atık yönetimi ve geri dönüşüm faaliyetleri, kapsamlı ve entegre yaklaşımlar gerektiren karmaşık ve çok yönlü bir mekanizmaya sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, Ankara ilindeki evsel katı atık yönetiminin mevcut durumu belirlenip, katı atık akımları, Malzeme Akış Analizi (Stan 2 yazılımı) kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ankara ilinin atık yönetiminin görsel olarak ortaya çıkarılıp atık akımlarının analiz edilmesidir. Bu çalışma göstermiştir ki, Ankara’da her yıl yaklaşık 1,6 milyon ton katı atık (günde 4500 ton) toplanmaktadır. Toplanan bu atıkların yılda yaklaşık 470 bin tonluk kısmı metan üretimi için, 400 bin tondan fazlası ise kompost üretimi için kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca, model sonucuna göre düzenli depolama alanlarında her yıl 286 bin ton atık biriktiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu durum, şehir yetkililerinin de gündeminde olan Mamak Atık Depolama Sahası için kapasite arttırımı ihtiyacına işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Atık Yönetimi,Atık Miktarı,Atık Akımları,Katı Atıklar,Malzeme Akış Analizi

Kaynakça

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