EVALUATION OF ISLAMIC BANKING ACTIVITIES IN THE ORGANIZATION OF TURKIC STATES

Öz

The Organization of Turkic States (OTS) is an international organization founded in 1992 in Ankara, and consisting of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Türkiye. These countries collaborate to promote cooperation among Turkic nations, strengthen cultural ties, and develop economic relations. In this study, Islamic banking activities in TDT member countries are evaluated on a comparative basis. Islamic banking is a system that provides interest-free financing and operates in compliance with Islamic law. It provides financing through alternative methods such as profit-loss sharing (mudarabah and musharakah), the buying and selling of goods and services (murabaha), sukuk (lease certificates, Islamic bonds), and leasing (ijara). In the study, existing regulations and practices related to Islamic banking were utilezes a literature review, country reports, and financial analyses. Data were collected and examined using qualitative and quantitative methods such as the legal frameworks of countries and banking sector reports. The findings reveal that the level of development in Islamic banking varies among TDT member countries. Türkiye and Kazakhstan are more advanced in this field, while Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan are seen to be in the development stage. Kyrgyzstan, on the other hand, is striving to expand in this area by offering microfinance and small-scale Islamic financial services. The development and expansion of Islamic banking activities among the member countries of the OTS, where the majority of the population is Muslim, will significantly contribute to regional development and financial integration. Furthermore, the use of Islamic financial products has the potential to enhance banks’ economic performance and financial stability, contributing to sustainable growth.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Organization of Turkish States
• Islamic Finance
• Islamic Banking

TÜRK DEVLETLERİ TEŞKİLATINDA İSLAMİ BANKACILIK FAALİYETLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı (TDT), temeli 1992 yılında Ankara’da atılan ve Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Kırgızistan, Özbekistan ve Türkiye’nin üyesi olduğu bir uluslararası kuruluştur. Bu ülkeler Türk dünyası ülkeleri arasında işbirliğini teşvik etmek, kültürel bağları güçlendirmek ve ekonomik ilişkileri geliştirmek amacıyla bir araya gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, TDT üyesi ülkelerdeki İslami bankacılık faaliyetleri karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. İslami bankacılık, faizsiz finansman sağlayan ve İslam hukukuna uygun faaliyet gösteren bir sistemdir. Bu sistem, kâr-zarar ortaklığı (mudaraba ve muşaraka), mal ve hizmet alım satımı (murabaha), sukuk (kira sertifikası, İslami tahvil) ve kira (icara) gibi yöntemlerle finansman sağlamaktadır. Araştırmada, literatür taraması, ülke raporları ve finansal analizler kullanılarak İslami bankacılıkla ilgili mevcut düzenlemeler ve uygulamalar incelenmiştir. Veriler, ülkelerin yasal çerçeveleri, bankacılık sektörü raporları gibi nitel ve nicel yöntemlerle toplanmış ve analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, TDT üyesi ülkelerin İslami bankacılık gelişmişlik düzeylerinin farklılık gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Türkiye ve Kazakistan bu alanda daha ileri seviyedeyken, Azerbaycan ve Özbekistan gelişme aşamasındadır. Kırgızistan ise mikrofinans ve küçük ölçekli İslami finans hizmetleriyle büyümeye çalışmaktadır. Nüfusunun büyük bir bölümü Müslüman olan TDT üyesi ülkelerde, İslami bankacılık faaliyetlerinin geliştirilmesi ve yaygınlaştırılması bölgesel kalkınmaya ve finansal entegrasyona önemli katkılar sağlayacaktır. Ayrıca, İslami finans ürünlerinin kullanımı, bankaların ekonomik performansını ve finansal istikrarını artırarak sürdürülebilir büyümeye katkıda bulunma potansiyeline sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı
• İslami Finans
• İslami Bankacılık

Kaynakça

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