SAĞLIK YÖNETİMİ PERSPEKTİFİNDEN HASTANELERDE İŞ KAZALARININ ANALİZİ: FINE-KINNEY VE FMEA YÖNTEMLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık yönetimi perspektifinden hastane ortamında meydana gelen iş kazalarının nedenlerini ortaya koymak ve bu kazaların değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan Fine-Kinney ve FMEA risk analiz yöntemlerini karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemektir. Araştırma, Diyarbakır ilinde faaliyet gösteren bir hastanede yürütülmüş; veriler saha gözlemleri, çalışan görüşmeleri ve yapılandırılmış kontrol listeleri aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında biyolojik, fiziksel, kimyasal ve psikososyal risk faktörleri analiz edilmiş; özellikle kesici-delici alet yaralanmaları, enfeksiyon riski, işyeri şiddeti ve fiziksel ortam kaynaklı risklerin öne çıktığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda riskler Fine-Kinney ve FMEA yöntemleri ile değerlendirilmiş ve düzeltici-önleyici faaliyetler sonrasında risk düzeylerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Bulgular, Fine-Kinney yönteminin riskleri daha ayrıntılı ve duyarlı biçimde analiz ettiğini, FMEA yönteminin ise daha sistematik ve süreç odaklı bir değerlendirme sunduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, hastanelerde iş sağlığı ve güvenliği uygulamalarının geliştirilmesi açısından risklerin analitik ve yapılandırılmış yöntemlerle değerlendirilmesi kritik önem taşımaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, özellikle yüksek riskli sağlık ortamlarında Fine-Kinney ve FMEA yöntemlerinin birlikte kullanılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İş sağlığı ve güvenliği
• sağlık yönetimi
• hastane
• iş kazaları
• risk değerlendirme
• Fine-Kinney
• FMEA

ANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS IN HOSPITALS FROM A HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE: A COMPARISON OF FINE-KINNEY AND FMEA METHODS

Öz

This study aims to comprehensively examine the causes of occupational accidents in hospital settings from a healthcare management perspective and to comparatively evaluate the Fine-Kinney and FMEA risk assessment methods used in analyzing these risks. The research was conducted in a hospital in Diyarbakır, and data were collected through field observations, employee interviews, and structured checklists. Biological, physical, chemical, and psychosocial risk factors were systematically analyzed. The findings indicate that sharp object injuries, infection risks, workplace violence, and hazards related to physical working conditions are among the most significant risks. Based on the collected data, risks were assessed using Fine-Kinney and FMEA methods, and changes in risk levels following corrective and preventive actions were examined. The results demonstrate that the Fine-Kinney method provides more sensitive and detailed risk differentiation, whereas the FMEA method offers a more structured and process-oriented evaluation framework. In conclusion, the application of systematic and analytical risk assessment approaches is essential for improving occupational health and safety practices in hospitals. Accordingly, the combined use of Fine-Kinney and FMEA methods is recommended, particularly in high-risk healthcare environments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Occupational health and safety
• healthcare management
• hospital
• occupational accidents
• risk management
• Fine-Kinney
• FMEA

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