Japan's Place in the Cultural Debates of Globalization

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 5, 55 - 66, 19.02.2020

Taner Sabancı

Öz

When it is considered that Japan is homogenized as political and especially economical in the debates of homogenization and heterogenization of globalization, it is important to determine where Japan stands in the cultural dimension of globalization. Researchers tend to choose one of the cultural theories –cultural differentialism, cultural hybridization, and cultural convergence - that are often used to answer the research question. In this study, three approaches in the cultural debates of globalization have been analyzed to specify Japan's place in these debates. Rather than the existence of a single approach that is appropriate to Japan, these three seem to have a place in Japan. While making these discoveries, the history of Japan was examined in the light of the theories that existed in the cultural debates. Following the discovering of these examples in the history of Japan, examples from today's world were reached through the analysis of online documents. As a result, Japan can find its place in all of the cultural debates of globalization with examples that given both history and present.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Japan, Globalization, Cultural Differentialism, Cultural Hybridization, Cultural Convergence

Küreselleşmenin Kültür Tartışmalarında Japonya’nın Yeri

Öz

Küreseleşmenin ‘homojenleşme ve heterojenleşme’ tartışmalarında Japonya’nın politik ve özellikle ekonomik olarak homojenleştiği düşünüldüğünde, küreselleşmenin kültürel boyuntunda Japonya’nın nerede olduğunun belirlenmesi önemlidir. Araştırmacılar, araştırma sorusunun cevaplanmasında faydalanan kültürel kuramların –kültürel farklılık, kültürel melezleşme, kültürel birleşme- genellikle birisini seçme eğilimindedirler. Bu çalışmada, küreselleşmenin kültür tartışmalarındaki üç yaklaşım, Japonya’nın bu tartışmalardaki yerini belirtmek üzere incelenmiştir. Japonya’ya uygun olan tek bir yaklaşımın varlığından ziyade bu üç kuramın da Japonya’da kendine yer bulabildiği görülmektedir. Bu keşifler yapılırken Japonya tarihine, kültür tartışmalarında var olan kuramlar ışığında bakılmıştır. Bu kuramlara karşılık gelecek örneklerin Japonya tarihinde bulunmasının ardından, günümüz dünyasından örneklere online dokümanların analizi ile ulaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Japonya küreselleşmenin kültür tartışmalarının hepsinde, hem tarihten hem de günümüzden verilen örneklerle, kendisine yer bulabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Japonya, Küreselleşme, Kültürel Farklılık, Kültürel Melezleşme, Kültürel Birleşme

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