Tren Makinistliğinin Otomasyonu İçin Lokomotif Hız Kontrolcüsü Tasarımı ve Kapalı Çevrim Simülasyonu

Öz

Açık demiryolu şebekesinde işletilen, lokomotif ve vagonlardan müteşekkil trenlerin makinistliğindeki otomasyon henüz kapalı demiryolu şebekesindekine nazaran çok daha düşük seviyededir. Türkiye açık demiryolu şebekesindeki tren makinistliğinin otomasyonu için PID (oransal-integral-türev) kontrol stratejisinde, Türkiye’nin ilk yerli ve milli elektrikli anahat lokomotifi E5000 ile benzer özelliklerdeki bir lokomotifte cer ve dinamik fren kuvvetleriyle hız kontrolü yapılması maksadıyla PI (oransal-integral) kontrolcü tasarlanmıştır. Tasarlanan PI kontrolcü, tren seyrinin dinamik sistem modellemesi için MATLAB Simulink ortamında oluşturulan modele entegre edilmiştir. Bu şekilde oluşturulan kapalı çevrim sistemde, halihazırda işletilen bir yük treninin seyrinden gerçek işletmecilik şartlarına uygun şekilde seçilen safhalarda bazı parametrelerin farklı değerleri için yapılan simülasyon sonuçlarında, tasarlanan PI kontrolcünün yeterince başarılı olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• PID
• Otomasyon
• Lokomotif
• Tren
• Demiryolu
• Kontrol sistemi

Designing of Locomotive Speed Controller and Closed Loop Simulation for Train Driving Automation

Öz

Automation of the driving of trains consisting of locomotive and wagons operated in open rail networks is still at a much lower level than in closed rail networks. In the PID (proportional-integral-derivative) control strategy for the train driving automation in Türkiye’s open rail network, a PI (proportional-integral) controller has been designed to control the speed by the use of traction and dynamic brake forces in a locomotive with similar specifications to Türkiye’s first domestic and national electric mainline locomotive E5000. The designed PI controller is integrated into the model created in the MATLAB Simulink for dynamic system modeling of the cruise of the train. In the closed loop system created in this way, the simulation results for different values of some parameters in selected phases of the cruise of a currently operated freight train in accordance with the real operating conditions have shown that the designed PI controller is successful enough.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• PID
• Automation
• Locomotive
• Train
• Railway
• Control system

Kaynakça

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