Cer Transformatörlerinde Elektriksel Parametrelerin Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemi ile Analizi

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 16, 66 - 78, 31.07.2022

Serenay Çürükova Yunus Berat Demirol Oluş Sönmez Mehmet Aytaç Çınar Bora Alboyacı

https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.1110515

Cited By: 2

Öz

Demiryolu sistemlerinde kullanılan elektrikli trenlerin hareket gücünü sağlamak için kullanılan motor sürücülerini cer transformatörleri beslemektedir. Cer transformatörleri lokomotiflerin altında veya üstünde, boyutları sınırlı bir alana yerleştirilmektedir. Bunun yanında tren sistemlerinde kullanılmakta olan ekipmanların güç ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmek için farklı gerilim seviyelerinde çok sayıda sargı yapıları cer transformatörlerinde bulunmaktadır. Demiryolu sistemlerinde sürdürülebilirlik, verim ve işletme güvenliğinin yüksek seviyede olması için cer transformatörlerinin tasarım parametrelerinin özel olarak incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda tasarım aşamasında detaylı analizlerin gerçekleştirilmesi ve standartlar referans alınarak değerlendirilmesi önemli olmaktadır. Cer transformatörlerinde kısa devre empedansı, inrush akımları, kazan kayıpları, çekirdek kayıpları gibi kritik öneme sahip elektriksel parametrelerin doğru bir şekilde hesaplanması teorik yöntemler ile her zaman mümkün olmamakta veya çok zahmetli olmaktadır. Bu durumda sonlu elemanlar analizi yönteminin birçok açıdan avantajı bulunmaktadır. Sonlu elemanlar analizleri ile yüksek doğrulukta ve kısa sürede hesaplamalar yapılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada örnek bir cer transformatörünün elektriksel parametreleri Ansys Electronics Suite sonlu elemanlar analizi yazılımı ile hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan parametreler ile ilgili olarak özet bilgiler verilmiş, analiz adımları açıklanmıştır. Bu kapsamda demiryolu sistemlerinde kullanılan trenlerin kritik elemanlarından biri olan cer transformatörlerinin elektriksel analizi için sonlu elemanlar yönteminin gerekliliği ifade edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cer transformatörü, Sonlu elemanlar analizi, Kısa devre empedansı, Manyetik indüksiyon, Inrush akımı, Eddy kayıpları

Analysis of Electrical Parameters in Traction Transformers by Finite Element Method

Öz

Traction transformers feed the motor drivers used in electric locomotives in railway systems. Traction transformers are placed in a limited area above or below the locomotives. Due to the power needs of the equipment used in train systems, there are many winding structures at different voltage levels in traction transformers. Therefore, the design parameters of traction transformers should be specifically evaluated for providing a high level of sustainability, efficiency, and operational safety in railway systems. It is crucial to carry out detailed analyses during the design phase and evaluate them according to standards. Accurate calculation of critical electrical parameters such as short circuit impedance, inrush currents, tank losses and core losses in traction transformers is not always possible or very laborious with theoretical methods. In this case, the finite element analysis method has many advantages. With finite element analysis, calculations can be made with high accuracy and in a short time. This study calculated the electrical parameters of a sample traction transformer with Ansys Electronics Suite finite element analysis software. Summary information about the calculated parameters is given, and the analysis steps are explained. In this context, the necessity of the finite element method for the electrical analysis of traction transformers, which is one of the most critical components in railway systems, has been expressed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Traction transformer, Finite element analysis, Short circuit impedance, Magnetic induction, Inrush current, Eddy losses

Kaynakça

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