Determination of some physical and chemical changes of fruits of Edranol, Ettinger and Wurtz avocado varieties during harvest periods

Öz

Avocado cultivation is becoming widespread every year in the Mediterranean region due to its high market potential in Turkey. Market value of the avocado is influenced by harvest maturity of fruit and the ripening process in post-harvest. Due to climacteric property, determination of maturity criteria in the different ecological conditions is essential. Therefore, fruit samples of Edranol, Ettinger and Wurtz varieties, were taken at 15-20 days’ intervals from october and analyzed during the harvesting and ripening period. In the describing of the fruit maturity index of each variety, the dry weight and oil content of the fruit flesh give the most reliable results. In cases where these index values are inadequate, other postharvest analyzes (taste, fruit firmness and fruit weight loss) can be used to determine maturity. In the study; early harvest time was determined as from mid-october to early january for Edranol, during october for Ettinger and mid-october to mid-january for Wurtz. The optimum harvest was determined as from the beginning of january to the end of april for Edranol, from early november to mid-january for Ettinger and from mid-january to late april for Wurtz. The late harvest was determined for Edranol throughout May, for Ettinger from mid-January to mid-february, and for Wurtz from may to early june.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avocado,Cultivars,Harvest,Fruit,Maturity,Index

Edranol, Ettinger ve Wurtz avokado çeşitlerinin hasat dönemleri boyunca meyvelerinin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal değişimlerinin belirlenmesi

Öz

Türkiye’de avokado yetiştiriciliği, yüksek pazar potansiyeline sahip olduğu için Akdeniz bölgesinde giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. Avokadonun pazar değerini, meyvenin hasat olgunluğu ve hasat sonrası olgunlaşma süreci etkilemektedir. Avokadonun klimakterik özellik göstermesi nedeniyle, farklı ekolojik koşullarda olgunluk kriterlerin belirlenmesinin ticari önemi ve gerekliliği bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle; ülkemizde yetiştirilen Edranol, Ettinger ve Wurtz çeşitlerinde, ekim ayından başlamak üzere 15-20 gün aralıklarla meyve örnekleri alınarak, hasat ve olgunlaşma sürecinde analizleri yapılmıştır. Her bir çeşidin meyve olgunluk indeksinin tanımlanmasında, meyve etinin kuru ağırlık ve yağ içeriği, hala en güvenilir sonuçları vermektedir. Bu indeks değerlerinin yetersiz kaldığı durumlarda ise, diğer hasat sonu analizleri (tat, meyve eti sertliği ve meyve ağırlık kaybı) olgunluk tespitinde yardımcı olmuştur. Sonuç olarak; erken hasat, Edranol için ekim ayının ortasından ocak ayının başına kadar, Ettinger için ekim ayı boyunca, Wurtz için ekim ayı ortasından ocak ayının ortasına kadar devam eden dönem olarak belirlenmiştir. Optimum hasat, Edranol için ocak başından nisan sonuna kadar, Ettinger için kasım başından ocak ortasına kadar ve Wurtz için ocak ortasından nisan sonuna kadar süren dönem olarak saptanmıştır. Geç hasat ise, Edranol için mayıs ayı boyunca, Ettinger için ocak ortasından şubat ortasına kadar ve Wurtz için mayıs başından haziran başına kadar devam eden dönem olarak kararlaştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avokado,çeşit,hasat,meyve,olgunluk,index

Kaynakça

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