THE CONCEPT OF TRADITION IN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH

Öz

In many religions there is a distinction between written and oral tradition. While sacred texts constitute a written source oral traditions are understood as an important authority besides it. Tradition in this sense is one of the most important religious concepts for the Catholic Church. This concept is closely related to the understanding of the revelation of the Church and, on the other hand, to the sacred texts and Church authority. This essay examines how the concept of Tradition is understood in the Catholic Church with its different aspects and the related arguments. The work first deals with the different aspects of the Tradition, the historical emergence of the concept, and how it took place in the church texts. Then the debates on the Tradition in the modern period were examined. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tradition,Unwritten Revealtion,Catholic Church,Church Authority

KATOLİK KİLİSESİ’NDE GELENEK ANLAYIŞI

Öz

Birçok dinde yazılı ve sözlü gelenek biçiminde bir ayırım söz konusudur. Kutsal metinler yazılı kaynağı oluştururken sözlü gelenek de onun yanında önemli bir otorite olarak anlaşılmaktadır. Bu anlamda Gelenek, Katolik Kilisesi için en önemli dinî kavramlardan biridir. Bu kavram bir taraftan Kilise’nin vahiy anlayışı ile diğer yandan ise kutsal metinler ve Kilise otoritesi ile yakından ilişkilidir. Bu makalenin temel amacı farklı yönleriyle Katolik Kilisesinde Gelenek kavramının nasıl anlaşıldığını ve ilgili tartışmaları incelemektir. Çalışmada öncelikle kavramın farklı yönleri, tarihsel olarak ön plana çıkması, Kilise metinlerinde ne şekilde yer aldığı ele alınmıştır. Akabinde modern dönemde gelenek kavramı üzerindeki tartışmalar değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gelenek,Yazılı Olmayan Vahiy,Katolik Kilisesi,Kilise Otoritesi

Kaynakça

1. Adam, Baki, “Yahudilerde Din ve Gelenek Üzerine”, İslami Araştırmalar, Cilt: 6, Sayı: 1, 1992, ss. 44-51.
2. Agius, George, Tradition and the Church, The Stratford Company, Boston, 1928.
3. Alexander, James, “A Systematic Theory of Tradition”, Journal of the Philosophy of History, 10 (2016), ss. 1-28.
4. Allison, Gregg R., Historical Theology : An Introduction to Christian Doctrine, Zondervan, Michigan, 2011.
5. Binde, Per, “Nature in Roman Catholic Tradition”, Anthropological Quarterly, Vol. 74, No. 1 (Jan., 2001), ss. 15-27.
6. Cahill, Lisa Sowle, “The Catholic Tradition: Religion, Morality, and the Common Good”, Journal of Law and Religion, Vol. 5, No. 1 (1987), ss. 75-94.
7. Clark, Francis, “Grace-Experience in The Roman Catholic Tradition”, The Journal of Theological Studies, Vol. 25, No. 2 (October 1974), ss. 352-372.
8. Code of Canon Law: http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/_INDEX.HTM

9. Concilio Vaticano II, Costitizioni, Decreti, Dichiarazioni, testo ufficiale e tradizione italiana, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Cittá del Vaticano, 1998.
10. Congar, Yves, The Mystery of The Church, trans. by A. V. Littledale, Helicon Press, Baltimore, 1960.
11. Congar, Yves, The Meaning of Tradition, Ignatius Press, USA, 2004.
12. Congar, Yves, True and False Reform in the Church, trans. by Paul Philibert, Liturgical Press, Minnesota, 2011.
13. Çoban, Bekir Zakir, Geçmişten Günümüze Papalık, İnsan Yayınları, İstanbul, 2014.
14. Fichtner, J. A., “Tradition (in theology)”, New Catholic Encyclopedia, Second Edition, Gale, Washington DC, 2003, vol. 14, ss. 133-137.
15. Flannery, Austin, Basic Sixteen Documents, Vatican Council II, Castello Publishing Company, New York, 2007.
16. Hardon, John A., The Catholic Understanding of the Bible, Inter Mirifica, 1997.
17. Headley, J.M., “The Reformation as Crisis in the Understanding of Tradition”, Archiv für Reformationsgeschichte, 78 (1987), ss. 5-22.
18. Holder, R. Ward, “The Reformers and Tradition: Seeing the Roots of the Problem”, Religions (2017), 8, 105, ss. 1-11.
19. Irenaeus of Lyons, Against Heresies, The Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1, ed. A. Roberts and J. Donaldson, 1977.
20. Jedin, Hubert, A History of the Council of Trent, trans. by D. E. Graf, Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd., Edinburgh, 1957.
21. Jensen, J., “Tradition (in the Bible)”, New Catholic Encyclopedia, Second Edition, Gale, Washington DC, 2003, vol. 14, ss. 131-133.
22. John Paul II, Fides et ratio: Akıl ve İman, çev. İsmail Taşpınar, İstanbul, 2001.
23. Johnstone, Brian, “What is Tradition? From Pre-Modern to Postmodern”, Australian Journal of Theology, 5 (August 2005), ss. 1-22.
24. Kabaağaç, S. – Alova, E, “Trad/o”, Latince –Türkçe Sözlük, Sosyal Yayınları, İstanbul, 1995.
25. Katolik Kilisesi Din ve Ahlak İlkeleri, çev. D. Pamir, İstanbul, 2000.
26. Keenan, James F., A History of Catholic Moral Theology in the Twentieth Century: From Confessing Sins to Liberating Consciences, Continuum, New York, 2010.
27. Kutsal Kitap ve Deuterokanonik Kitaplar, Kitab-ı Mukaddes Şirketi, Kore, 2015.
28. Kruggel, James C., Scripture, Tradition, and the Magisterium in the Teaching of Vatican II, yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, The Catholic University of America, Washington DC. 2013.
29. Kutsal Kitap ve Deuterokanonik Kitaplar, Kitabı Mukaddes Şirketi, İstanbul, 2003.
30. Küng, Hans, The Catholic Church: A Short History, trans. by John Bowden, The Modern Library, New York, 2003.