AB Genişlemesi: Bir Başarı Öyküsünden Yorgunluğa

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1, 81 - 117, 25.06.2013

Gönül Oğuz

Öz

Bu çalışma “genişleme yorgunluğu” bağlamında önemli bir adım olarak gelecek
Avrupa Birliği (AB) genişleme ihtimalini incelemektedir. Çalışma 2000'li yıllarda
genişleme sürecini gözden geçirmektedir. 1950’lerin sonlarından beri Avrupa’nın
bütünleştirilmesi fikri aşamalı olarak Avrupa’ya barış ve istikrar getirmesi çabaları
çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. 1957’den 1995’e kadar AB üye sayısını 6’dan 15’e
çıkarmıştır. 2004 ve 2007’lerde komünist geçmişe sahip Orta ve Doğu Avrupa ülkelerinin
katılmalarıyla bu gelişmenin doruk noktasına ulaşılmıştır. 10 yıllık zorlu politik ve
ekonomik reformlardan sonra, üyeliğe başvuran aday ülkeler sonuçta merkezi aşamaya
ulaştılar. O zamandan beri, tartışma genişlemenin AB için zorunlu olup olmadığı, yeni üye
ülkelerin Avrupa entegrasyonuna ne kadar katkıda bulunabilecekleri ve faydalarını
paylaşabilecekleri sorusu üzerine odaklanmıştır. Çalışma, Avrupa Komisyonu ve bu
alanda bir çok sayıdaki bağımsız çalışmalardan elde edilen anahtar bulgulara
dayanmaktadır. Çalışma literatürde yer alan yorumsal modeller üzerinde durmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupa Birliği, Koşullar, Genişleme, Entegrasyon

EU ENLARGEMENT: FROM A SUCCESS STORY TO FATIGUE

Öz

This paper examines the prospect of European Union (EU) enlargement as a crucialstep in the context of “enlargement fatigue”. It reviews the enlargement process in thepost-2000s. From the late 1950 onwards, the idea of European unification has graduallybeen emphasized by an attempt to bring peace and stability. Between 1957 and 1995, theEU grew from six to fifteen members. The high point of this development was reached in2004 and 2007, with an inclusion of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs),who had the communist traditions. After a decade of difficult economic and politicalreforms, the applicant countries finally edged toward centre stage. Since then, the debatehas focused on the question of whether enlargement is fundamental to European unity andhow far new member states can contribute to European integration and share the Unin’sbenefits. The study relies on the key findings from the European Commission and thenumber of independent studies in this field. The study draws upon interpretative models inthe existing literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

European Union, Conditionality, Enlargement, Integration

Kaynakça

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