BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

SENIOR vs. POLANYI ON THE MOTIVATIONS BEHIND THE 1833 FACTORY ACT: EVIDENCE FROM CONTEMPORARY OBSERVERS

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1-2, 1 - 15, 26.05.2014

Öz

In the 19th century, the British Parliament passed a series of acts to regulate the employment of children, adolescents and adult women in factories. The 1833 Factory Act, which aimed at improving the working conditions of children in textile factories, is considered the first effective act. Although the general belief was that the factory acts were the result of humanitarian considerations, the underlying motivations of the politicians who supported the 1833 Factory Act have been questioned since then. In a letter he wrote in 1837, Nassau W. Senior argued that operatives pushed for restricting the work hours of children to increase the price of their labor. Putting Senior’s argument in the center of their debate, a group of economists argued that they provided a public choice perspective emphasizing the role of pressure on the part of an interest group (operatives in this case) in the legislative process. Karl Polanyi, on the other hand, presented a totally different, if not completely opposite approach. He put forward the idea that the laboring people were hardly effective in this legislative activity which primarily reflected the resistance of the landlords to mill owners whose interests conflicted on the issue of food prices. This paper searches for evidence to support these arguments by rereading four factory guide books written in the twelve-year period following the 1833 Factory Act. To this end, Andrew Ure’s The Philosophy of Manufactures (1835), Peter Gaskell’s Artisans and Machinery (1836), William Cooke Taylor’s Factories and the Factory System (1844) and Friedrich Engels’ The Condition of the Working Class in England (1845) are reviewed.

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, G. M., Ekelund, R. B. Jr. & Tollison, R. D. (1989). Nassau Senior as Economic Consultant: The Factory Acts Reconsidered. Economica. 56 (221), 71-81.
  • Blaug, M. (1958). The Classical Economists and the Factory Acts – A Re- Examination. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 72 (2), 211-226.
  • Clark, G. (2007). A Farewell to Alms: A Brief Economic History of the World. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Edwards, S. (2001). Factory and Fantasy in Andrew Ure. Journal of Design History. 14 (1), 17-33.
  • Engels, F. (2009) [1845]. The Condition of the Working Class in England. London: Penguin.
  • Fusfeld, D. R. (1988). The Economic Thought of Karl Polanyi. Journal of Economic Issues. 22 (1), 264-268.
  • Gaskell, P. (1836). Artisans and Machinery. London: John W. Parker.
  • Grampp, W. D. (1965). On the History ofTthought and Policy. The American Economic Review. 55 (1/2), 128-135.
  • Hartwell, R.M. (1990). Was There an Industrial Revolution?. Social Science History. 14 (4), 567-576.
  • Hobsbawm, E. (1997) [1962]. The Age of Revolution. London: Abacus.
  • Hutchins, B.L. and Harrison, A. (1966) [1903]. A History of Factory Legislation. New York: Augustus M. Kelley.
  • Kirby, P. (2003). Child Labour in Britain, 1750-1870. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kumar, M. (1984). Karl Marx, Andrew Ure and the Question of Managerial Control. Social Scientist. 12 (9), 63-69.
  • Marvel, H. P. (1977). Factory Regulation: A Reinterpretation of Early English Experience. Journal of Law and Economics. 20 (2), 379- 402.
  • Medema, S. G. and Samuels, W. J. (2003). The History of Economic Thought: A Reader. London: Routledge.
  • Mokyr, J. (2004). Accounting for the Industrial Revolution. In R. Floud and P. Johnson (Eds.), The Cambridge Economic History of Modern Britain, Volume I: Industrialization 1700-1860 (pp. 1-27). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Nardinelli, C. (1980). Child Labor and the Factory Acts. The Journal of Economic History. 40 (4), 739-755.
  • Polanyi, K. (1957) [1944]. The Great Transformation. Boston: Beacon Press.
  • Rose, M. E. (1971). The Doctor in the Industrial Revolution. British Journal of Industrial Medicine. 28, 22-26.
  • Rosenbloom, R. S. (1964). Men and Machines: Some 19th-century Analyses of Mechanization. Technology and Culture. 5 (4), 489- 511.
  • Screpanti, E. and Zamagni, S. (2005). An Outline of the History of Economic Thought. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Senior, N. W. (1966) [1837]. Letters on the Factory Act. in Selected Writings in Economics by Nassau W. Senior. New York: Augustus M. Kelley.
  • Sorenson, L. R. (1952). Some Classical Economists, Laissez Faire, and the Factory Acts. The Journal of Economic History. 12 (3), 247-262.
  • Taylor, W. C. (1844). Factories and the Factory System. London: Jeremiah How.
  • Temin, P. (1997). Two Views of the British Industrial Revolution. The Journal of Economic History. 57 (1), 63-82.
  • Ure, A. (1835). The Philosophy of Manufactures. London: Charles Knight.
  • http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/citizenship/struggle_ democracy/getting_vote.htm.
Yıl 2012, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1-2, 1 - 15, 26.05.2014

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, G. M., Ekelund, R. B. Jr. & Tollison, R. D. (1989). Nassau Senior as Economic Consultant: The Factory Acts Reconsidered. Economica. 56 (221), 71-81.
  • Blaug, M. (1958). The Classical Economists and the Factory Acts – A Re- Examination. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 72 (2), 211-226.
  • Clark, G. (2007). A Farewell to Alms: A Brief Economic History of the World. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Edwards, S. (2001). Factory and Fantasy in Andrew Ure. Journal of Design History. 14 (1), 17-33.
  • Engels, F. (2009) [1845]. The Condition of the Working Class in England. London: Penguin.
  • Fusfeld, D. R. (1988). The Economic Thought of Karl Polanyi. Journal of Economic Issues. 22 (1), 264-268.
  • Gaskell, P. (1836). Artisans and Machinery. London: John W. Parker.
  • Grampp, W. D. (1965). On the History ofTthought and Policy. The American Economic Review. 55 (1/2), 128-135.
  • Hartwell, R.M. (1990). Was There an Industrial Revolution?. Social Science History. 14 (4), 567-576.
  • Hobsbawm, E. (1997) [1962]. The Age of Revolution. London: Abacus.
  • Hutchins, B.L. and Harrison, A. (1966) [1903]. A History of Factory Legislation. New York: Augustus M. Kelley.
  • Kirby, P. (2003). Child Labour in Britain, 1750-1870. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kumar, M. (1984). Karl Marx, Andrew Ure and the Question of Managerial Control. Social Scientist. 12 (9), 63-69.
  • Marvel, H. P. (1977). Factory Regulation: A Reinterpretation of Early English Experience. Journal of Law and Economics. 20 (2), 379- 402.
  • Medema, S. G. and Samuels, W. J. (2003). The History of Economic Thought: A Reader. London: Routledge.
  • Mokyr, J. (2004). Accounting for the Industrial Revolution. In R. Floud and P. Johnson (Eds.), The Cambridge Economic History of Modern Britain, Volume I: Industrialization 1700-1860 (pp. 1-27). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Nardinelli, C. (1980). Child Labor and the Factory Acts. The Journal of Economic History. 40 (4), 739-755.
  • Polanyi, K. (1957) [1944]. The Great Transformation. Boston: Beacon Press.
  • Rose, M. E. (1971). The Doctor in the Industrial Revolution. British Journal of Industrial Medicine. 28, 22-26.
  • Rosenbloom, R. S. (1964). Men and Machines: Some 19th-century Analyses of Mechanization. Technology and Culture. 5 (4), 489- 511.
  • Screpanti, E. and Zamagni, S. (2005). An Outline of the History of Economic Thought. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Senior, N. W. (1966) [1837]. Letters on the Factory Act. in Selected Writings in Economics by Nassau W. Senior. New York: Augustus M. Kelley.
  • Sorenson, L. R. (1952). Some Classical Economists, Laissez Faire, and the Factory Acts. The Journal of Economic History. 12 (3), 247-262.
  • Taylor, W. C. (1844). Factories and the Factory System. London: Jeremiah How.
  • Temin, P. (1997). Two Views of the British Industrial Revolution. The Journal of Economic History. 57 (1), 63-82.
  • Ure, A. (1835). The Philosophy of Manufactures. London: Charles Knight.
  • http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/citizenship/struggle_ democracy/getting_vote.htm.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Erdem Özgür Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Mayıs 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1-2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özgür, E. (2014). SENIOR vs. POLANYI ON THE MOTIVATIONS BEHIND THE 1833 FACTORY ACT: EVIDENCE FROM CONTEMPORARY OBSERVERS. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies, 5(1-2), 1-15.
AMA Özgür E. SENIOR vs. POLANYI ON THE MOTIVATIONS BEHIND THE 1833 FACTORY ACT: EVIDENCE FROM CONTEMPORARY OBSERVERS. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies. Mayıs 2014;5(1-2):1-15.
Chicago Özgür, Erdem. “SENIOR Vs. POLANYI ON THE MOTIVATIONS BEHIND THE 1833 FACTORY ACT: EVIDENCE FROM CONTEMPORARY OBSERVERS”. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies 5, sy. 1-2 (Mayıs 2014): 1-15.
EndNote Özgür E (01 Mayıs 2014) SENIOR vs. POLANYI ON THE MOTIVATIONS BEHIND THE 1833 FACTORY ACT: EVIDENCE FROM CONTEMPORARY OBSERVERS. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies 5 1-2 1–15.
IEEE E. Özgür, “SENIOR vs. POLANYI ON THE MOTIVATIONS BEHIND THE 1833 FACTORY ACT: EVIDENCE FROM CONTEMPORARY OBSERVERS”, International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies, c. 5, sy. 1-2, ss. 1–15, 2014.
ISNAD Özgür, Erdem. “SENIOR Vs. POLANYI ON THE MOTIVATIONS BEHIND THE 1833 FACTORY ACT: EVIDENCE FROM CONTEMPORARY OBSERVERS”. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies 5/1-2 (Mayıs 2014), 1-15.
JAMA Özgür E. SENIOR vs. POLANYI ON THE MOTIVATIONS BEHIND THE 1833 FACTORY ACT: EVIDENCE FROM CONTEMPORARY OBSERVERS. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies. 2014;5:1–15.
MLA Özgür, Erdem. “SENIOR Vs. POLANYI ON THE MOTIVATIONS BEHIND THE 1833 FACTORY ACT: EVIDENCE FROM CONTEMPORARY OBSERVERS”. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies, c. 5, sy. 1-2, 2014, ss. 1-15.
Vancouver Özgür E. SENIOR vs. POLANYI ON THE MOTIVATIONS BEHIND THE 1833 FACTORY ACT: EVIDENCE FROM CONTEMPORARY OBSERVERS. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies. 2014;5(1-2):1-15.