BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2012, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1-2, 59 - 78, 26.05.2014

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Adams, S. (2009). Can foreign direct investment (FDI) help to promote growth in Africa? African Journal of Business Management, 3 (5), 178- 183.
  • Adisu, K., Sharkey, T. & Okoroafo, S.C. (2010). The Impact of Chinese Investment in Africa. International Journal of Business and Management, 5 (9), 3-9.
  • Ajakaiye, O. (2006). China and Africa – Opportunities and Challenges. A Presentation at the African Union Task Force on Strategic Partnership Between Africa and the Emerging Countries of the South Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 11–13 September 2006. Retrieved May 5 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.aercafrica.org.
  • Bloomberg (2012). China’s EXIM Lend More to Sub-Sahara Africa than World Bank, Fitch Says. New York: M. Cohen. Retrieved May 7, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.bloomberg.com.
  • Brautigam, D. (2011). Chinese Development Aid in Africa: What, Where, Why, and How Much? In J. Golley & L. Song (Eds.), Rising China: Global Challenges and Opportunities. Canberra: Australia National University.
  • Chen, L.F.Y. (2007). Africa’s Trade with China: Good for Growth? Retrieved April http://economics.stanford.edu. from the World Wide Web:
  • China Development Bank (2012, May 4). CAD-Fund. Beijing. Retrieved May 4, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.cdb.com.cn.
  • China-Africa Development Fund (2012, May 4). Investment Philosophy. Beijing. Retrieved May 4, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.cadfund.com.
  • China-Africa: Much More than Resources. (2011, November 21). Emerging Markets Monitor, 17 (32).
  • Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation (2010). China-Africa Trade and Economic Relationship. Annual Report 2010. Beijing.
  • Claassen, C., Loots, E. & Bezuidenhout, H. (2011). Chinese Foreign Direct Investment in Africa. Working Paper, 261. Potchefstroom: North-West University.
  • Congressional Research Service (2009). China’s Foreign Aid Activities in Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia. CRS Report for Congress. Washington, D.C.
  • Dreher, A. & Fuchs, A. (2011). Rogue Aid? The Determinants of China’s Aid Allocation. CEB Working Paper, 11/035. Brussels: Université Libre de Bruxelles - Solvay Brussels School of Economics & Management Centre Emile Bernheim.
  • FAO (2011). The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2011. Rome.
  • Hellström, J. (2009). China’s emerging role in Africa. A strategic overview. Stockholm: FOI Swedish Defence Research Agency.
  • Houanye, P. & Shen, S. (2012). Foreign Direct Investment in Africa: Securing Chinese’s Investment for a Lasting Development in Africa. Global Conference on Business and Finance Proceedings, 7(1), 143-156.
  • IMF (2012). World Economic Outlook Database, April 2012. Washington, D.C. Retrieved April 22, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.imf.org.
  • Information Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China (2009). The New Eight-Point Plan China Pledged at the Fourth FOCAC Ministerial Conference. Beijing. Retrieved April 28, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.china.org.cn.
  • Marafa, L.M. (2009). Africa’s Business and Development Relationship with China. Seeking Moral and Capital Values of the Last Economic Frontier. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet.
  • Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China (2011). 2010 Statistical Bulletin of China’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment. Beijing.
  • Mohan, G., Kale, D. (2007). The invisible hand of South-South globalisation: Chinese migrants in Africa. A Report for the Rockefeller Foundation prepared by The Development Policy and Practice Department. Milton Keynes: The Open University.
  • Montinari, L. & Prodi, G. (2011). China’s Impact on Intra-African Trade. The Chinese Economy, 44 (4), 75-91.
  • Osei-Hwedie, B.Z. (2012). The Dynamics of China-Africa Cooperation. Afro Asian Journal of Social Sciences, 3 (3.1), 1-25.
  • Oyejide, T.A., Abiodun-S., B. & Adeolu, O.A. (2009). China–Africa Trade Relations: Insights from AERC Scoping Studies. European Journal of Development Research, 21 (4), 485–505.
  • Park, Y.J. (2009). Chinese Migration in Africa. Occasional Paper, 24. Braamfontein: South African Institute of International Affairs.
  • Renard, M.-F. (2011). China’s Trade and FDI in Africa. Working Paper Series, 126. Tunis: African Development Bank.
  • Samy, Y. (2010). China’s Aid Policies in Africa: Opportunities and Challenges. The Round Table, 99 (406), 75-90.
  • Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (2008). China-Europe-Africa Proceedings of the Sixth Shanghai Workshop on Global Governance, March 14-15, 2008. Shanghai. Chances and Challenges.
  • Shixue, J. (2011). China's principles in foreign aid. Retrieved April 28, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.china.org.cn.
  • UNCTAD (2005). Economic Development in Africa: Rethinking the Role of Foreign Direct Investment. New York and Geneva.
  • UNCTAD (2010). Economic Development in Africa. Report 2010. South-South Cooperation: Africa and the New Forms of Development Partnership. New York and Geneva.
  • UNCTAD (2012). UNCTADstat. New York and Geneva. Retrieved April 19, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://unctadstat.unctad.org.
  • UNDP (2011). Human Development Report 2011. Sustainability and Equity: A Better Future for All. New York.
  • United Nations (2007). Asian Foreign Direct Investment in Africa: Towards a New Era of Cooperation among Developing Countries. New York and Geneva.
  • UN-OHRLLS (2012). About LDCs. New York. Retrieved March 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.unohrlls.org.
  • Wang, J.-Y. (2007). What Drives China’s Growing Role in Africa? IMF Working Paper, 07/211. Washington, D.C: IMF.
  • Weisbrod, A & Whalley J. (2011). The Contribution of Chinese FDI to Africa’s Pre Crisis Growth Surge. NBER Working Paper, 17544. Cambridge: NBER.
  • World Bank (2012a). World Bank Sees Progress Against Extreme Poverty, But Flags Vulnerabilities. Washington. D.C. Retrieved March 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://web.worldbank.org.
  • World Bank (2012b). World Bank Data: World Development Indicators & Global Development Finance. Washington. D.C. Retrieved March 20, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://databank.worldbank.org.
  • WTO (2012). Statistics database. Geneva. Retrieved April 22, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.wto.org.
  • Yan, Z. (2010). CAD Fund to boost footprint in Africa. (2010, May 28). China Daily.
  • Zhao, S. (2011). The China-Angola Partnership: A Case Study of China’s Oil Relations in Africa. (2011, May 25). China Briefing.

CHINA’S ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA: TRADE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND AID

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1-2, 59 - 78, 26.05.2014

Öz

The paper examines the nature of China’s economic activities in Africa in three dimensions: merchandise trade, foreign direct investment, and aid. These are three main channels through which China’s presence on the continent affects Africa’s economic growth and development. China’s economic relations with Africa are, to a large extent, driven by Chinese demand for natural resources, especially oil and minerals. It is the most visible in Sino-African trade, where fuels alone account for about two thirds of China’s imports from Africa. Natural resource extraction has also significant impact on Chinese decisions regarding foreign direct investment (FDI) and aid. Mutual cooperation between China and Africa has brought obvious advantages for both sides. For African countries, closer trade relations with China have been associated with gains in the form of lower import prices and improving terms of trade. Chinese FDI in non-extractive sectors has become a chance for economic diversification on the African continent. China’s aid and FDI can significantly contribute to the development of local infrastructure and technology upgrading. However, China’s economic presence on the continent has also its negative side. African countries may suffer, for example, from trade related losses, unfair competition or further debt accumulation.

Kaynakça

  • Adams, S. (2009). Can foreign direct investment (FDI) help to promote growth in Africa? African Journal of Business Management, 3 (5), 178- 183.
  • Adisu, K., Sharkey, T. & Okoroafo, S.C. (2010). The Impact of Chinese Investment in Africa. International Journal of Business and Management, 5 (9), 3-9.
  • Ajakaiye, O. (2006). China and Africa – Opportunities and Challenges. A Presentation at the African Union Task Force on Strategic Partnership Between Africa and the Emerging Countries of the South Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 11–13 September 2006. Retrieved May 5 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.aercafrica.org.
  • Bloomberg (2012). China’s EXIM Lend More to Sub-Sahara Africa than World Bank, Fitch Says. New York: M. Cohen. Retrieved May 7, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.bloomberg.com.
  • Brautigam, D. (2011). Chinese Development Aid in Africa: What, Where, Why, and How Much? In J. Golley & L. Song (Eds.), Rising China: Global Challenges and Opportunities. Canberra: Australia National University.
  • Chen, L.F.Y. (2007). Africa’s Trade with China: Good for Growth? Retrieved April http://economics.stanford.edu. from the World Wide Web:
  • China Development Bank (2012, May 4). CAD-Fund. Beijing. Retrieved May 4, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.cdb.com.cn.
  • China-Africa Development Fund (2012, May 4). Investment Philosophy. Beijing. Retrieved May 4, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.cadfund.com.
  • China-Africa: Much More than Resources. (2011, November 21). Emerging Markets Monitor, 17 (32).
  • Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation (2010). China-Africa Trade and Economic Relationship. Annual Report 2010. Beijing.
  • Claassen, C., Loots, E. & Bezuidenhout, H. (2011). Chinese Foreign Direct Investment in Africa. Working Paper, 261. Potchefstroom: North-West University.
  • Congressional Research Service (2009). China’s Foreign Aid Activities in Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia. CRS Report for Congress. Washington, D.C.
  • Dreher, A. & Fuchs, A. (2011). Rogue Aid? The Determinants of China’s Aid Allocation. CEB Working Paper, 11/035. Brussels: Université Libre de Bruxelles - Solvay Brussels School of Economics & Management Centre Emile Bernheim.
  • FAO (2011). The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2011. Rome.
  • Hellström, J. (2009). China’s emerging role in Africa. A strategic overview. Stockholm: FOI Swedish Defence Research Agency.
  • Houanye, P. & Shen, S. (2012). Foreign Direct Investment in Africa: Securing Chinese’s Investment for a Lasting Development in Africa. Global Conference on Business and Finance Proceedings, 7(1), 143-156.
  • IMF (2012). World Economic Outlook Database, April 2012. Washington, D.C. Retrieved April 22, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.imf.org.
  • Information Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China (2009). The New Eight-Point Plan China Pledged at the Fourth FOCAC Ministerial Conference. Beijing. Retrieved April 28, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.china.org.cn.
  • Marafa, L.M. (2009). Africa’s Business and Development Relationship with China. Seeking Moral and Capital Values of the Last Economic Frontier. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet.
  • Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China (2011). 2010 Statistical Bulletin of China’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment. Beijing.
  • Mohan, G., Kale, D. (2007). The invisible hand of South-South globalisation: Chinese migrants in Africa. A Report for the Rockefeller Foundation prepared by The Development Policy and Practice Department. Milton Keynes: The Open University.
  • Montinari, L. & Prodi, G. (2011). China’s Impact on Intra-African Trade. The Chinese Economy, 44 (4), 75-91.
  • Osei-Hwedie, B.Z. (2012). The Dynamics of China-Africa Cooperation. Afro Asian Journal of Social Sciences, 3 (3.1), 1-25.
  • Oyejide, T.A., Abiodun-S., B. & Adeolu, O.A. (2009). China–Africa Trade Relations: Insights from AERC Scoping Studies. European Journal of Development Research, 21 (4), 485–505.
  • Park, Y.J. (2009). Chinese Migration in Africa. Occasional Paper, 24. Braamfontein: South African Institute of International Affairs.
  • Renard, M.-F. (2011). China’s Trade and FDI in Africa. Working Paper Series, 126. Tunis: African Development Bank.
  • Samy, Y. (2010). China’s Aid Policies in Africa: Opportunities and Challenges. The Round Table, 99 (406), 75-90.
  • Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (2008). China-Europe-Africa Proceedings of the Sixth Shanghai Workshop on Global Governance, March 14-15, 2008. Shanghai. Chances and Challenges.
  • Shixue, J. (2011). China's principles in foreign aid. Retrieved April 28, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.china.org.cn.
  • UNCTAD (2005). Economic Development in Africa: Rethinking the Role of Foreign Direct Investment. New York and Geneva.
  • UNCTAD (2010). Economic Development in Africa. Report 2010. South-South Cooperation: Africa and the New Forms of Development Partnership. New York and Geneva.
  • UNCTAD (2012). UNCTADstat. New York and Geneva. Retrieved April 19, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://unctadstat.unctad.org.
  • UNDP (2011). Human Development Report 2011. Sustainability and Equity: A Better Future for All. New York.
  • United Nations (2007). Asian Foreign Direct Investment in Africa: Towards a New Era of Cooperation among Developing Countries. New York and Geneva.
  • UN-OHRLLS (2012). About LDCs. New York. Retrieved March 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.unohrlls.org.
  • Wang, J.-Y. (2007). What Drives China’s Growing Role in Africa? IMF Working Paper, 07/211. Washington, D.C: IMF.
  • Weisbrod, A & Whalley J. (2011). The Contribution of Chinese FDI to Africa’s Pre Crisis Growth Surge. NBER Working Paper, 17544. Cambridge: NBER.
  • World Bank (2012a). World Bank Sees Progress Against Extreme Poverty, But Flags Vulnerabilities. Washington. D.C. Retrieved March 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://web.worldbank.org.
  • World Bank (2012b). World Bank Data: World Development Indicators & Global Development Finance. Washington. D.C. Retrieved March 20, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://databank.worldbank.org.
  • WTO (2012). Statistics database. Geneva. Retrieved April 22, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.wto.org.
  • Yan, Z. (2010). CAD Fund to boost footprint in Africa. (2010, May 28). China Daily.
  • Zhao, S. (2011). The China-Angola Partnership: A Case Study of China’s Oil Relations in Africa. (2011, May 25). China Briefing.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Tomasz Michałowski Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Mayıs 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1-2

Kaynak Göster

APA Michałowski, T. (2014). CHINA’S ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA: TRADE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND AID. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies, 5(1-2), 59-78.
AMA Michałowski T. CHINA’S ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA: TRADE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND AID. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies. Mayıs 2014;5(1-2):59-78.
Chicago Michałowski, Tomasz. “CHINA’S ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA: TRADE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND AID”. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies 5, sy. 1-2 (Mayıs 2014): 59-78.
EndNote Michałowski T (01 Mayıs 2014) CHINA’S ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA: TRADE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND AID. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies 5 1-2 59–78.
IEEE T. Michałowski, “CHINA’S ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA: TRADE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND AID”, International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies, c. 5, sy. 1-2, ss. 59–78, 2014.
ISNAD Michałowski, Tomasz. “CHINA’S ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA: TRADE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND AID”. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies 5/1-2 (Mayıs 2014), 59-78.
JAMA Michałowski T. CHINA’S ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA: TRADE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND AID. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies. 2014;5:59–78.
MLA Michałowski, Tomasz. “CHINA’S ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA: TRADE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND AID”. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies, c. 5, sy. 1-2, 2014, ss. 59-78.
Vancouver Michałowski T. CHINA’S ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA: TRADE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND AID. International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies. 2014;5(1-2):59-78.