EVALUATING THE EFFECTS OF SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY AND MATERNAL ANEMIA ON NEONATAL PARAMETERS

Öz

Aim: It is known that smoking and anemia have unfavorable effects on the fetus. For this reason it is always suggested that pregnant females should be advised to stop smoking, should be screened for anemia and should be given iron replacement therapy. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the negative effects smoking and maternal anemia have on the birth weight and neonatal outcomes. Materials and methods: 1021 women who delivered in our clinic were included in the study. Those included were either smokers and anemic or non-smokers but anemic. Neonatal outcomes such as birth weight and week, Apgar scores, umbilical cord lactate level, bilirubin values, and intensive care needs were compared. Results: In the study population, smoking habit was detected with a rate of 10.8% and anemia at a rate of 30.3%. When compared to non-smokers, birth weight (3079.4 (415.8) vs 3272.3 (442.1), [P<0.001]) and birth week (39.3 (1.0) vs 39.6 (1.0), [P=0.029]) were found to be statistically significantly lower in the smokers group. It was observed that smoking did not make a statistically significant difference in terms of APGAR scores, lactate and bilirubin levels, and neonatal intensive care need among the smokers and non-smokers group. Moreover, to make sure smoking was not masking the effects of anemia, the non-smoker group was divided into anemic and non-anemic subgroups. Despite of that, anemia did not result in statistically significant differences between the subgroups. Conclusion: Pregnant women should be advised to quit smoking as it has significant effects on the fetus.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anemia
• Neonatal outcomes
• Pregnancy
• Smoking

SİGARA KULLANIMININ VE MATERNAL ANEMİNİN FETAL DOĞUM AĞIRLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ VE YENİDOĞAN SONUÇLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Amaç: Sigaranın ve aneminin gebelik ve fetus üzerine olumsuz etkileri bilinmektedir. Gebelikte sigaranın bırakılması, ayrıca anemi taraması ve demir replasmanı önerilmektedir. Amacımız sigara ve aneminin doğum ağırlığı ve yenidoğan sonuçları üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Materyal ve Metot: Kliniğimizde doğum yapan 1021 kadın sigara içenler, anemisi olanlar, sigara içmeyenlerden anemisi olanların doğum ağrılığı ve haftası, Apgar skorları, umbilikal kord laktat seviyesi, bilirubin değerleri, yoğun bakım ihtiyaçları gibi yenidoğan sonuçları açısından kıyaslandı. Bulgular: Çalışma populasyonunda sigara alışkanlığı %10.8 ve anemi %30.3 oranında tespit edildi. Sigara alışkanlığı olanlarda olmayanlarla kıyaslandığında istatiksel anlamlı olarak doğum ağırlığı (3079,4±415.8 vs 3272.3±442.1, p<0.001), doğum haftası (39.3±1.0 vs 39.6±1.0, p=0.029) daha düşük bulundu. Sigaranın APGAR skorları, laktat ve bilirubin seviyesi, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ihtiyacı açısından istatiksel anlamlı fark yaratmadığı izlendi. Sigaraya bağlı olabilecek riskleri ortadan kaldırmak için sigara içmeyen populasyondaki anemi grubu oluşturuldu. Maternal aneminin ve sigara içmeyen gruptaki maternal aneminin yenidoğan sonuçlarında anlamlı değişikliğe sebep olmadığı görüldü.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• anemi
• gebelik
• sigara
• yenidoğan sonuçları

Kaynakça

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